Vol 9 Issue 1 April 2021-September 2021

Abstract: Smoking prevalence amongst people with a mental health condition which includes stress is substantially higher than in the general population. There is a strong relationship between smoking and reduction of stress level, witnessed since a very long time back yet caught less attention compared to in general population. This study was aimed to describe smoking behaviour and stress level among students of Universitas Udayana. Methods:  This research was a descriptive study of smoking behaviour and stress level among medical faculty students of Udayana University from December 2015 to December 2016. The sampling was simple random and consecutive sampling. The stress levels were measured by Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale. Results:  There were 100 students were taken in this study, of which 50 were males and another 50 were females. The majority of the males (84%) had a low-moderate risk of stress illness. Females were found ten to had a higher risk to get stress illness than males. There were 56% of smoker respondents, with the ratio male/female were 35 to 21. There were 18 males and 10 female smokers who had a stress level score of 150-299, which means they were at a moderate risk to get a stress-related illness. Conclusion: Smokers with a higher level of stress score on the Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale tend to have a higher nicotine dependency.

Keywords: Smoking behaviour, stress level, student.

Title: SMOKING BEHAVIOUR AND STRESS LEVEL AMONG STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA, BALI, INDONESIA

Author: Suraaj Nair Prabakaran

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Rotavirus vaccination (ROTAVAC®) was included in the rainbow of the Universal Immunization Program (UIP) of Punjab, India in 2019. This is a single centre observational prospective study conducted in Government Civil Hospital in Punjab, India.

Endpoints: This study has two endpoints; Primary, to detect and study the adverse events (AE) arising after ROTAVAC® vaccine administration to infants and Secondary, to create awareness to promote the reporting of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) by Health Care Practitioners (HCPs).

Results: In this study, 47% of the subjects receiving ROTAVAC® vaccine experienced AEFIs. Overall, most of the AEFIs reported were non-serious and resolved completely in less than a day. Most of the AEFIs were consistent with the known safety profile of ROTAVAC® vaccine. There was no statistically significant difference between the different demographics and AEFI incidence. All the 30 HCPs who were interviewed had limited knowledge regarding reporting of AEFI and had rarely reported any AEFI. The mean score prior to imparting health education was 4.07±1.17, and the score after educating them increased to 7.27±1.05, depicting a statistically significant difference (W=465.000, p<0.005).

Conclusion: ROTAVAC® vaccine was found to be safe in Punjab, India where the vaccine was launched recently. There were no new safety concerns identified with ROTAVAC®. The study also highlights the importance of conducting knowledge sharing sessions for HCPs at immunization clinics to improve adverse event detection and reporting.

Keywords: Rotavirus, Rotavac, intussusception, adverse events, adverse events following immunization, safety profile.

Title: Safety Profile of Rotavac: An Observational Prospective Study

Author: Malook Vir Singh, Sue Ann Costa Clemens, Puneet Vir Singh

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Spiritual leadership is crucial in nursing profession. It is an intrinsically motivating factor that encourages staff nurses to initiate creativity and innovation. Aim: To investigate the relationship between spiritual leadership and creativity as perceived by staff nurses at Shoubrakhit General Hospital. Study design: A descriptive correlational research design was utilized to conduct this study. Setting: all in-patient care units at Shoubrakhit General Hospital. Subjects:  Convenience sampling from staff nurses (n=230) who were working in the previously selected settings and available during the time of data collection distributed as follows; professional nurses, technical nurses and practical nurses Tools: Two tools were used in order to conduct this study: Revised Spiritual Leadership Survey (RSLS) and KEYS Survey to Creativity and Innovation. Results: The finding of this study revealed that the overall level of spiritual leadership as perceived by the studied staff nurses was moderate, while the overall level of creativity was low. Conclusion: The finding of this study concluded that a highly significant strong positive correlation between overall spiritual leadership and overall creativity as perceived by the studied staff nurses (r=0.575, p ≤0.001). Recommendations:  Conduct frequent training programs and a series of workshops on spiritual leadership practices, and creativity skills for all staff nurses to embed a culture of spiritual leadership and creativity. Also, it is vital to integrate the course/concept of spiritual leadership into the undergraduate and postgraduate curriculum to raise the awareness of future staff nurses. Additionally, establish warm collegial relationships that provide support, caring, concern, appreciation, and guidance for each other to nourish spirituality with colleagues.

Keywords: Spiritual leadership, Intrinsic motivation, Creativity, Staff nurses, Nursing.

Title: Relationship between Spiritual Leadership and Creativity as Perceived by Staff Nurses

Author: Aya Bassiouny Ibrahim El-seidy, Nevine Hassan Abd- El-Aal, Amal Diab Ghanem Atalla

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Mucormycosis or black fungus is a serious type of fungal infection caused by mucormycetes which are made up of group of molds. In this paper, we studied about what is fungus, mucormycosis, types of fungal infection and preventions, and amphotericin B is a choice of drug and other drugs like posconazole, isavuconazole are used as a salvage therapy. Surgical debridement is also one of the treatment for mucormycosis by removal of necrotic tissues. Deferasirox also used in mucormycosis treatment but further studies also required for better results. Hyperbaric oxygen also has been used in some patients of mucormycosis but research to be continue for more benefits.

Keywords: Black Fungus, Mucormycosis, Infections, Amphotericin B, Salvage therapy.

Title: A short review for the treatment aspects of mucormycosis

Author: Megha Mishra, Karuna Raghuwanshi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Background: Suicidal behaviours, ranging from suicidal ideation to suicidal acts, such as quasi-suicide, attempted suicide, and completed suicide, are very common and have reached a very wide range. In addition, this is a complex issue. Therefore, it must be investigated from multiple levels. Objective: This study focused on assessing suicidality with different dimensions among adults in the Batticaloa district of Sri Lanka (BDSL). Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 237 male and female patients of medical wards of Base Hospital, Kaluwanchikudy (BHK), from 1st January to 31st May 2019. A two-stage cluster sampling method was applied. Structured Interviewer Administered Questionnaire (SIAQ) and the Revised Suicide Behaviour Questionnaire (SBQR) are used to obtain the determinants of the various dimensions of suicide. Statistical software (SPSS 25.0) was used to analyze the data, and p-value < 0.05 was considered significant for all analyses. Descriptive statistical analysis and Multi-Level Analysis (MLA) was performed. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee, Faculty of Health - Care Sciences, Eastern University, Sri Lanka. Results: 21.5% of the participants had at least one relative who attempted suicide, and almost all of them died. Few patients (6.8%) in this survey had attempted suicide and were lucky to get rid of the deadly outcome. Among these suicide attempts, the majority (73.5%) answered that their lives are vital to surviving these attempts. Variance in the total score for the suicide behaviour questionnaire is estimated as = 7.13, and the between-individual patient's variance is calculated as =2.52, and thus the total variance is 7.13 + 2.52 = 9.65. Overall mean value on the total score for suicide behaviours questionnaire across three different levels (No, definitely not, Maybe and Yes definitely) of choices of the question: would any of your problems be solved if you committed suicide? is estimated as 6.95, which was statistically significant. Conclusions: Three different levels of responses (No, definitely not, Maybe and Yes definitely) significantly varied for the scores of Suicide Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R)-Overview. Overall, there was 29.4 times greater variance observed in three different choices (three different levels) for Q15 than the variance among individual patients regarding the total score for the suicide behaviour questionnaire with statistical significance.

Keywords: Adults, Batticaloa, Sri Lanka, Suicides, Multi-Level Analysis.

Title: A Multi - Level Analysis on Assessment of Different Dimensions of Suicidality among Adults in Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka

Author: Kartheepan, K

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract:  Background: This is a case report. Trismus (restricted mouth opening) is a symptom that affects more than one third (38–45%) of patients treated with radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC). Trismus leads to difficulties with chewing, swallowing, pain and poor oral hygiene. Furthermore, trismus can have a negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQL). The effect of pain neuroscience education has been shown to be effective in reducing pain improving function and lowering fear and catastrophization.

Case presentation: patient was 46-year-old man, clerk by occupation. He had pain at jaw and difficulty in opening mouth since 4 years. More pain on the left side of face. The pain was continuous, chronic and stabbing pain which was aggravated by opening and chewing of mouth. He was having pain at neck with tightness of upper trapezius, levator scapulae and sclene muscles. He is having sever restricted range of motion of  temporomandibular joint and somewhat restriction in cervical range of motion, after his last radiation session for tongue. In this study, intervention given was electrotherapy, manual therapy, MFR and focused more on pain neuroscience education [PNE]. After two month of physiotherapy treatment pre and post outcome for pain on visual analogue scale and range were measured using maximum interincisal distance [MID].

Conclusion: We conclude that, exercises therapy, electrotherapy and PNE is effective in terms of pain and improving symptoms of patients with trismus. So this intervention is indicated in long term management of radiation induced trismus.

Keywords: Trismus, PNE, MFR, exercises therapy, electrotherapy.

Title: Effect of Pain Neuroscience Education on Pain in Trismus Patient: Case Report

Author: Dr Sanket Mungikar, Dr. Swara Sanklecha, Dr. Santosh Dobhal

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Ksheerabala thaila is a sastric Ayurveda drug indicated for pain relief. It will be used as topical application. This product is prepared by two methods i.e., Astanga hridaya and sahasrayoga as per sastric methodology. Ksheerabala taila contains actives of single herb Sida cordifolia.

In the present study, Ksheerabala taila was prepared by various methods according to the sastric methodology and also by other methods as presented in paper. The efficacy and phyto-actives retention and its stability at various conditions of temperature and UV light are studied by hemodynamics, TLC etc., respectively.

The study results show that instability of the herbal constituents at high temperature when done by the standard methods. Solvent extraction and JRK’s Ksheerabala thaila process showing the profile stability even at high temperatures and UV light exposure. Therefore, there is need of integration of modern technologies in the sastric drug preparations. Complete details are presented in the paper.

Keywords: Ksheerabala thaila, Sida cordifolia, pain relief, Ayurveda for pain relief.

Title: Trick in the manufacturing, the key to the therapeutic value of Ksheerabala thaila of Dr.JRK’s

Author: Amruthavalli G.V, Aruna.V, Gayathri.R

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: More than a quarter of individuals are suffering from anxiety, depression or mental disorders every year. All around the world, everyone is aware of the subject of Mental Therapeutics (psychotherapy) which helps individuals to overcome their problems; but no one is aware of the universal healing principle namely, the subconscious mind and the process which heals the mind is credence. As human being our mind is divided into two distinct phases i.e the objective mind and the subjective mind. The objective mind deals with the external objective things and the subjective mind is controlled by the resolutions made by the objective mind. The subconscious plays an important role in controlling the conditions and sensations of our body

Keywords: Conscious and Subconscious, Mental health, Healing, Wealth.

Title: The Analogical Behavior and Effect of Healing on Human Mind

Author: Priyanka Belekar

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The practice of self-medication has long been in existence worldwide, and the situation continues to increase particularly in developing countries especially, in Sub Saharan Africa. Self-medication involves acquiring medicines without a prescription, re-presenting old prescriptions to buy medicines, sharing medicines with relatives or members of one’s social circle This study examined the attitude of mother towards self-medication among the people of Amassoma in Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

The study adopted descriptive design to explore the attitude of mothers towards self-medication in Amassoma Community. The target population comprises of pregnant women and mothers of childbearing age with age 13-40 years irrespectively of their level of education. A total of fourteen (14) compounds were randomly selected out of 22 compounds of which forty (40) persons per compound were selected at random. The sample size was five hundred and sixty (560) pregnant women and mothers within the childbearing age that were randomly selected from the 14 compounds and were given questionnaires. Random samplings were used to select both the compounds and the women by the casting of lots. Data collected were analysed using chi-square, numbers, and percentages.

Findings reveal that a reasonable proportion of the respondents were aware of the malformation that occur due to self-medication during pregnancy, the commonest reasons given for not consulting a qualified personnel for prescription was that of illness not serious enough to require consultation, peer influence and ignorance about the problem resulting from self-medication.  Similarly, levels of income, convectional education and health education were associated with the attitude of the mothers. Majority of the mothers had a significant knowledge of factors that influence self-medication. Finally, the implications of this study are the needs for health education and awareness programmes on the hazards, the risks and harmful effects as well as malformation that are associated with self-medication.

The paper suggests that government and non-governmental organization should see to the unnecessary media advertisement of drugs and ensures that only qualified pharmacist are allowed the sale and dispense of drugs. Future studies should compare the effects of self-medication on pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers.

Keywords: Attitude, Mother, Alcohol, Self-Medication.

Title: Maternal Attitude and Practice of Self-Medication in Amassoma Community of Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Author: Awoniyi Babafemi Adeyanju, Ayoola Adekunle Dada

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Air pollution is a wide-reaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human populations is great. Human health is largely affected by the environmental. Death and human diseases are largely linked to air pollution patterns. This study was conducted with an objective to analyse the sources and effects of air that creates air pollution and to discuss the relationship between the air pollution and its effect on human health in Madurai city. The main sources of air pollution are industries, automobiles, coal combustion and electrical power plant. Major effects of air pollution include eye irritation, nose irritation, running nose, sore throat, coughing and wheezing. The empirical study is based on the sample survey of the city of Madurai. A total of 150 respondents were interviewed personally. The sample respondents a cross-section of different age groups, sex, educational levels, income levels of respondents and therefore it could be treated as a representative sample for such an exploratory study in Madurai city. The analysis has been carried out with the help of percentage method and Garrett’s ranking method. Generally, the suitable action will be taken to control air pollution. Public education appears to be the best method as suggested by the respondents. However, government and NGOs can play a significant role in this process.  

Keywords: Air pollution, Pollutant, Human health, Effects.

Title: A STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL AIR POLLUTION AND ITS EFFECT ON HUMAN HEALTH IN MADURAI CITY

Author: G.K.RUBINI

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Rabies is an infectious disease affecting the central nervous system. It is caused by Rhabdovirus spread by the bites of rabies spreading animals such as dogs. In 2015, there were 80.403 cases of rabies-carrier animal bite, with the most cases were found in Bali for as much as 42.630 cases (53,0%). The main rabies-spreading animals were dogs (98%). Therefore, such study is done to measure the level of people’s knowledge on the prevention and early management of rabies dog-bite in banjar Untal-untal, Dalung. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study on the people of banjar Untal-untal Dalung who had any dog, selected with simple random sampling method, resulting in a total 65 respondent. Data aggregation was managed with the use of questionnaire. The level of knowledge was measured by Guttman Scale by scoring (1) and (0), until a total percentage was accumulated and was categorized into four: good (75%-100%), borderline (56%-75%), lack (40-55%) and bad (<40%). From a total of 65 study samples, it was concluded that the distribution of people’s knowledge on the prevention and early management of rabies dog-bite in banjar Untal-untal Dalung was mostly in good levels (56 respondents, 86,1%). Meanwhile the remaining respondents were found to have borderline (5 respondents, 7,7%) as well as lack of knowledge (4 respondents, 6,2%).  The result of this study was expected to be the foundation of further studies regarding the relationship of the level of people’s knowledge with each suspected associated variables, such as demographic characteristics, as well as the implementation of the prevention acts.

Keywords: Rabies, Rabies Dog Bite, Knowledge Level, Prevention.

Title: COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE ON THE PREVENTION AND EARLY HANDLING OF RABIES DOG BITES IN BANJAR UNTAL - UNTAL DALUNG

Author: Gede Fransisco Antonio Protestanto, Wayan Citra Wulan Sucipta Putri,  Dyah Pradnyaparamita Duarsa, Komang Ayu Kartika Sari

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Objective: To improve the health outcomes in hypertensives through lifestyle interventions.

Study design: Non- systematic review.

Rationale: In this study we tried to provide to review the effects of healthy lifestyle modifications on  lessening blood pressure to provide family physicians with evidence based clues in their practice.

Methods and analysis: Electronic searches was performed in the Medline Library, PubMed, etc., along with manual searches in the relevant papers. that emphasize the role of the lifestyle changes to lower the high blood pressure, either through the pharmacotherapy or the  healthy lifestyle modifications.

Conclusion: Blood pressure control and prevention of hypertension can be achieved by both pharmacotherapy and healthy lifestyle modifications. Lifestyle changes should be a premium approach to control hypertension through dietary interventions (reducing salt, increasing potassium, alcohol avoidance, and multifactorial diet control), weight reduction, smoking cessation, physical exercise, and stress management. Family physicians have major role in this aspect.

Keywords: Hypertension, family physician, lifestyle interventions and preventive measures.

Title: Role of Family Physician on Life Style Modifications for Improvement of Hypertension

Author: Dr. Osman, Hala Hassan

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Background: Nowadays, researches are being done along with the ongoing vaccination process worldwild. Although the Covid-19 mostly affected the elderly, evidence based studies about the effectiveness and reliability of the vaccine in geriatric population older than 65, is insufficient. So this unique scientific review, aimed to evaluate the Sinovac vaccine outcomes.

Methods: The two doses of the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 (Vero Cell-SINOVAC) vaccine was applied to lodgers and staff. 3 weeks after each dosage, the blood samples were taken from participants to evaluate antibody formation ratios. The outcomes between the lodger and staff groups were compared for vaccine effectiveness at different age groups.

Results: Datas from 34 lodgers with the average age of 78.85±12.56 and from 39 staff with the average age of 48.37±11.37 were taken. In lodgers, 61.8% efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine with first dose, is increased to 85.3% after the second dose. The increased antibody ratios in the lodgers group is found statistically significant (p<0.05).In staff, 69.2% efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine with first dose is increased to 97.4% after the second dose. This improved antibody formation between doses was statistically significant within staff group. Also statistically significant difference at the antibody scores between two doses of vaccination in both groups is seen.

Conclusion: According to the age related results with the young staff presented with higher scores compared to elderly lodgers, in our Barınyurt Nursing Home conducted research study, the SARS-CoV-2 (SINOVAC) vaccine is found 91.8% beneficial with the positive antibody score in 67 individuals.

Keywords: Covid-19, Pandemic, Sinovac vaccine, Geriatric population, Nursing home, Antibody score.

Title: COVID-19 IN OLDER ADULTS ANTIBODY RESPONSES OF INACTIVATED SARS-CoV-2 (VERO CELL-SINOVAC) VACCINE FOR ELDERLY COMPARING WITH YOUNGER

Author: Bülent Abut ÖZSEZİKLİ, Simay AKDEMİR, Hatice YILDIZ, Hande SAVAŞAN AKTAY, Zafer ÖZOK

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The critical phase of dengue fever is characterized by severe plasma leakage leading to severe shock. Colloids are indicated in severe dengue with profound shock. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the physiological status at admission, indications, and adverse effect of colloid in patients with severe dengue over the period of last 4 years. Of 3039 patients with dengue fever admitted to our hospital, there were a total of 143 patients with severe dengue. The compensated shock was the common presentation  (n=117) and  26 children presented with hypotensive shock.All patients with severe dengue required colloid therapy( synthetic in 126, natural in 3, both in 14). Though 92% of patients had coagulopathy, clinical bleeding was observed in 1/5^th  of them and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy(DIC) in 6% of patients. Refractory shock, DIC, Multiorgan Dysfunction Syndrome, Fulminant Hepatic Failure either alone or in combination were the causes of death in 9 children presenting with shock to the Emergency Department(ED).

Keywords: Severe Dengue, Shock, Colloid.

Title: INDICATIONS AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF COLLOIDS AND OUTCOME IN CHILDREN WITH DENGUE FEVER

Author: Lakshmi Muthukrishnan, Radhika Raman

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The authors present a single case of lingual manifestation of Rendu-Osler Syndrome with haemorrhagic manifestations originating from multiple lingual angiomatous lesions in a patient with a family history of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Keywords: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, Rendu-Osler, tongue, hemorrhage.

Title: A case of lingual manifestation of Rendu-Osler Syndrome

Author: Francesco Asprea, Gregorio Micali, Giulia Lucchesi, Daria Costanzo, Annunziata Maceri, Barbara Gaudio

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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