Vol 9 Issue 2 October 2021-March 2022

Abstract: Background: Diabetic Neuropathy causes superficial and deep sensitivity of the lower limbs, resulting in deficient balance and postural control. Mobility of the foot and ankle joints is often affected and altered plantar pressure is observed in these individuals.

Objective: To determine the effect of multisensory training on balance, gait and quality of life in subjects with diabetic neuropathy.

Methodology: 30 subjects with Diabetic Neuropathy were recruited and divided into two groups. Experimental group received multisensory training and while the control group received conventional exercises for 6 weeks. Both the groups received health education on diabetes for 30 min each week during the 6 week intervention duration. Balance, gait and quality of life were assessed prior and post-intervention using Timed Up and Go test, Dynamic Gait Index and Generic Quality Of Life Measure: Health Status Questionnaire (SF36).

Results: It was observed that all the scores improved in both the groups, post-intervention (p<0.001). When the scores were compared between the groups, the TUG scores improved better in the experimental group than the control group (p<005). DGI and SF36-PF (Physical Function), SF36-RP (Physical Role Function) scores did not show any statistical difference between the groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Multisensory training is effective in improving balance, gait and quality of life in subjects with diabetic neuropathy and can be an integral part of rehabilitation.

Keywords: Diabetic Neuropathy, Multisensory training, Balance, Gait, Quality of life.

Title: EFFECT OF MULTISENSORY TRAINING ON BALANCE, GAIT AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN SUBJECTS WITH DIABETIC NEUROPATHY

Author: V. Manoja, Sudheera Kunduru

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The Psychosocial implications of substance abuse on long distance drivers, families and society in Iwo Local Government garages of Osun state were studied to identify various substances of abuse, where they were often procured, how they were abuse and the common routes of administration.

Interviews and questionnaire were used to elicit detail information from the respondents. The result of the study showed that larger percentage of the respondents were growing adults of age range 25-35 years.  Poor parenting and  broken homes are largely responsible for early exposure of most respondents to substance use and abuse.

Among the legal drugs, alcohol and cigarette were the most commonly abuse while marijuana (Indian hemp) top the category of illegal substance that is often abused due to the cost and non-availability of others like cocaine and heroine. The study also discovered multiple drug use in most drivers. Psychosocial implications of substance abuse were also discovered.

These ranges from neglect of personal hygiene, family disruption, broken homes avoidable accidents and problems with the law enforcement agents. It was also discovered that, there is no enabling law or edict prohibiting hawking, sales and consumption of substance of abuse in motor garages  and if such law ever exists, it is not enforced as substance of abuse were seen freely exchanging hands in these garages. And that is why peer group influence was so strong in the ways by which they are introduced to these drugs. Other reason according to the study is frustration due to bad economy in the country.

Lastly, there is dearth need of information on the relationship of substance abuse and driving, further study is therefore needed in other local government areas and states to help government formulate definite pronouncement that will prohibit hawking, sales and consumption of substance use in garages nationwide.

Keywords: Substance abuses Psychosocial implication long distance drivers, society and families.

Title: Psychosocial implication Of Substance Abuse on the families of Long-Distance Drivers, Families and Societies in Iwo, Osun State

Author: Kamoru .A Adesina, Dr Lasebikan

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Information and communication technology (ICT) is often used as an extended synonym for information technology. It is a more specific term that stresses the role of unified communication and the integrated of communication. It comprises of computing technology, the internet and other accessories which enable users to access, store, transmit and manipulate information.

The objectives of this study are to determine the level of knowledge in the use of ICT among nurses. To determine the perception of nurses about ICT, to access the extent of ICT utilization among nurses to identify the factor militating against ICT use among nurses.

This study therefore aims to bridge the gap by identifying various factors affecting utilization and perception of nurses towards ICT use, thus serving as a guide to interventions necessary to facilitate ICT use among nurses thus improving standard of practice.

The study was conducted using a convenience sampling techniques and questionnaires as instrument on 90  nurses who are on the institution’s payroll.

The findings revealed that only 86.6%(78) out of 90 respondents posses ICT skill and 62(68.9%) of all the respondents have heard of the term “information and communication technology before” and not all the respondents has the correct perception towards ICT. Also, ICT is not in use at all in patient management in N.P.H, Aro Abeokuta.

The study showed that all nurses in N.P.H., Aro no matter the rank or gender have an averagely positive perception of ICT adoption and use in healthcare services. Several barrier however, which ranges from limited knowledge on computer skills, fear of change, lack of user training in ICT usage, managerial problems (which include poor administrative policy on ICT) to the application related challenges (Which include complexity of the equipment) were identified.

Hence it was recommended that nurse manger need to collaborate with other stake holders in health care institution to draft a workable policy towards the adoption and use of ICT for health care.

Keywords: Utilization Information And Communication Neuropsychiatric Hospital.

Title: UTILIZATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN PATIENT MANAGEMENT AMONG NURSES IN NEUROPSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL, ARO, ABEOKUTA

Author: Kamoru. A Adesina, Obadina Dolapo Christianah, Olawale Gbadebo

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: This article gives you important guidelines for the preparation of a research paper for publication in Research Publish Journals.Clinical laboratories play a vital role in patient diagnosis and management. However, blood specimens may be rejected for a variety of reasons, which may have substantial clinical consequences for patient safety. The quality team observed significant numbers of rejected samples from the surgical department and inpatient units due to hemolysis.

Methods: Retrospective study conducted at King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh, KSA, for six months' period; January 1, 2016 to June 1, 2016. Data were collected from Corttex (Health Care Operation System). The method was based on the FOCUS-PDCA quality improvement method focusing on the pre-analytical phase of the laboratory testing. The team identified pre-analytical errors as the primary reason for rejections. A multidisciplinary team was formed and tested several changes, including phlebotomy education, competency validation by direct observations, the use of appropriate consumables for sampling, and physician education for proper orders. All specimens sent for blood chemistry, arterial blood gas analysis, hematology, and coagulation tests were included. Microbiology test specimens and point-of-care testing samples were excluded.

Results: The data show that the rate of specimen rejection was high in the first three months of the year (Jan, Feb, and Mar) and duplicated test order was the commonest cause for rejection followed by cancelled specimens. which was a statistically significant reduction

Conclusions: Using FOCUS-PDCA Methodology we able to reduce the rate of rejected samples in Male Surgical wards 74.7% from the previous record. Moreover, the model shed the light on how crucial the pre-analytical phase for laboratory quality improvement process, its effect on cost reduction, and the importance of staff competency and utilization.

Keywords: Rejection, Male Surgical Wards, Phlebotomy, Corttex, Blood samples, FOCUS-PDCA Methodology.

Title: Reducing rejected blood samples project in male surgical wards using FOCUS-PDCA methodology

Author: Yasir A. Ahmed, Franklin Q. Lim, Nooralina B. Abdulhamid, Ayed Hamad Al-Anazi, Ahmed Dhahi Al-Enezi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Over the last few decades, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has experienced rapid socio-cultural changes caused by the accelerating economy of the Arabian Gulf region. This was associated with major changes in food choices and eating habits, which became progressively more “Westernized”. Such a “nutritional transition” has been claimed to be responsible for the rising rates of overweight and obesity recently observed among the Saudi population. The prevalence of obesity among adults in Saudi Arabia is 24.7% in 2020. However, the roles of psychology in obesity management and the assessment of metabolic surgery are not clear. This study aims to identify the number of referrals for Eating Disorders (ED) and obesity, the management and level of availability of ED specialists as reported by healthcare staff, and the use of mental health services in treating EDs and obesity. A total of 15 health services in SA were surveyed and 123 questionnaires completed by health professionals. Participants were asked to respond to a written survey that included questions regarding the number of referrals for EDs and obesity and the available treatment, as well as body mass index criteria for metabolic surgery and the number of patients referred for these procedures. Findings revealed that all EDs are equally prevalent in diverse cultures. Although the result showed that the obesity rate is high, there is limited psychological intervention. There is a requirement for specialised ED training, a need to identify a conceptual framework to provide evidence-based management and increase the levels of involvement of psychiatric professionals in the management of obesity.

Title: A SURVEY OF HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS’ TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH EATING DISORDERS AND OBESITY IN SAUDI ARABIA, AND THE AVAILABILITY OF SPECIALISED RESOURCES

Author: Amnah Alsabbah

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Stress is hard to avoid since it pervades all aspects of our lives. Assisting restaurant managers in developing relationships with their employees can aid in stress management. The objective should not be to remove all stress; instead, it should be to reduce unnecessary stress while effectively managing the rest. Stress relievers that cure stress on both a physical and psychological level are typically included in the most successful stress management regimens. the workplace is important because it can have a positive and negative impact on employee engagement. While concealing one's emotions might make participation more difficult, being in an aggressive environment can have the opposite effect. Employee engagement may be harmed by the frequency with which others in your environment openly and consistently express unpleasant feelings. Restaurant owners are becoming increasingly worried about workplace stress. Age, civil status and departmental position have no bearing on how stressed an employee is. Stress is a problem that affects all employees, regardless of their level of education or other circumstances. As a result, when restaurant employees in Dasmarias Cavite are categorized according to their demographic profile, there is no substantial variation in the impact of stress management.

Keywords: Keywords: Stress, Physical, Workplace, Employees, Environment.

Title: Impact of stress management on Restaurant Employees in Dasmarinas Cavite

Author: Camungay, Ryan,Christian, Magno, Kinney, Sir Mario Luis, Jamoralin

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Music is a part of our life from the time we are born. It is a combination of melodies and harmony that one not only hears but also feels, touches the soul. It is the universal language that has the power to control our emotions -happy sad angry relaxed accepting. Scholars over years have proposed many functions that music and listening to music might fulfil a person. There are different theoretical approaches, different methods and different samples used, that have been provided a very heterogeneous picture about the applications of music therapy. To a child its parents baby talk is a powerful stimulus to the auditory and speech perception that he or she latter on develops into the baby talking. The song hummed to come the child acts as an accomplice and companion to the adult when he or she has moments of anxiety or euphoria. By this the emotional quality of life of the adults is tremendously affected and enhanced. Song and dance moving rhythmically to music develops articulation, motor perception and breath control even helping in their social perception and cognition, relationship and interaction. As the child finds it difficult to express the emotion, music is his getaway that enhances the sense of self awareness and the use of language, hearing and memory. Music helps in sharpening and fine tuning the five senses that are instrumental in assisting the children with psychological disorders. Music may be used as a tool to treat children those who need more focused clinical support.

Keywords: Music therapy, cognition, conduct, interpersonal skills, arousal regulation, mood regulation, child development, emotional development, psychosocial wellbeing.

Title: Exploring the Impact of Music on Child Development

Author: Gwenneth Christabel Picardo

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Anemia is characterized by a low concentration of hemoglobin in the blood. Anemia is a worldwide public health problem that affects people of all ages and has significant implications for human health, as well as social and economic development. Anemia is a common health problem among pregnant women in poor countries, with a higher prevalence than in developed countries. The impact of anemia on pregnant women causes babies to be born with low birth weight, as well as maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Identifying the factors associated with anemia is very important in controlling and preventing anemia and its adverse effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for anemia in pregnant women. This research is a literature study that uses Google Scholar, ResearchGate, NCBI, PubMed, and Web of Science as search engines. From this literature study, the results of the analysis of risk factors for anemia in pregnant women are age, education level, place of residence, type of profession, parity, gestational age, antenatal care visits, intake of iron tablet supplementation and body mass index (BMI). Based on the study conducted, there is a strong relationship between age, education level, place of residence, type of profession, parity, gestational age, antenatal care visits, intake of iron tablet supplementation and body mass index (BMI).

Keywords: Anemia, Pregnant Women, Risk Factors, Social Demographic Factors.

Title: RISK FACTORS OF ANEMIA AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN: A REVIEW

Author: Kevin Soosai, Dewa Ayu Agus Sri Laksemi, Ida Ayu Putri Wirawati, Ni Luh Putu Eka Diarthini

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Diabetes Melitus (DM) is a chronic disease which its cases has continued to increase in the last decades. One of the most common complication is Diabetic foot which may cause the amputation. Early detection of Diabetic foot risk becomes very important so that the treatment can be started as early as possible for preserving the limbs. The present study aimed to identify the Diabetic foot risk in Diabetic patients admitting to Puskesmas Seririt 1. We conducted a qualitative study with cross sectional approach. Forty Diabetic patients who admitted to Puskesmas Seririt 1 in December 2021 were enrolled by the consequtive sampling technique. The data collection was based on interviews and physical examination, regarding “The Simplified 60-Second Diabetic Foot Screen” questionnaire. The data analysis was conducted using the frequency distribution tables. From this study, it can be inferred that 45% respondents are at high risk to suffer from The Diabetic Foot. Higher risk is more experienced by the men (61,1%), age between 55-64 years old (44,4%), Overweight (50%), Hypertension (77,8%), less than 5 years being diagnosed with Diabetes (72,2 %), unemployment (33,3%) and elementary school as the former education level (44,4%). The early detection of Diabetic foot risk is the main priority in the prevention approach to reduce the complication. It is very important not only to increase the promotion but also to maintain the general practitioners and nurses competencies.

Keywords: Diabetes Melitus, Diabetic Foot, Diabetic Foot Risk.

Title: THE OVERVIEW OF DIABETIC FOOT RISK IN PUSKESMAS SERIRIT 1 IN DECEMBER 2021

Author: Ketut Santika Susanti, I Putu Eka Dharma Putra

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The life expectancy of the the elderly continues to increase due to the development of medical science. It may cause the rapidly growing of elderly population. To preserve the cognitive function of the elderly become one of the most important approach to maintain their quality of life. The present study aimed to identify the contributing factors that will influence the cognitive impairment of the elderly to optimalize the approach to preserve the cognitive function. We conducted the analytic observational study using cross sectional approach. The data was collected from 35 older adults using total sampling technique in Jara Mara Pati Nursing Home, Buleleng, Bali. The cognitive function was measured by the Bahasa Version of MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) questionnaire. Hearing impairment was evaluated by the HHIE-S (Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly-Screening) questionnaire. Edmonton Frail Scale was used to identify the severity of frail. While, the independency was evaluated using the ADL Barthel Index. Ten out of 35 samples (28,6%) have normal cognitive function while the other twenty five (71,4%) have from cognitive impairment. From the statistical analysis, it can be found that the gender (p = 0,030), former educational level (p = 0,000), hearing impairment (p = 0,022), and independency level (p = 0,033) will influence the cognitive function significantly. Meanwhile, the age (p = 0,465), BMI (p = 0,543), and frailty state (p = 0,101) don’t significantly influence the cognitive function. From this study, there are 25 samples (71,4%) who have cognitive impairment. We found that the gender, former educational level, hearing impairment, and the independency level are statistically significant and contribute to cognitive impairment.

Keywords: cognitive, elderly, independency, hearing, frailty.

Title: THE CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT OF THE ELDERLY IN JARA MARA PATI NURSING HOME, BULELENG, BALI

Author: Ketut Santika Susanti, I Putu Eka Dharma Putra

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare system has been widely used especially in the branch of radiology. Therefore, it is important for medical students to know about the uses of AI in radiology. A questionnaire using Google Forms was created with questions that were made to assess the perceptions and knowledge of medical students about AI in radiology. This questionnaire was distributed among preclinical medical students from Udayana University, Bali. Respondents from this survey were 222 medical students from semester 3, semester 5 and semester 7. The perceptions and knowledge of medical students about artificial intelligence in radiology will be identified by distributing a questionnaire for them to fill up. Out of the 222 respondents, 170 respondents who knew about AI before taking the survey were required to answered the questions about their perceptions and knowledge about AI in radiology. The anonymity of respondents were ensured. The results were obtained from the analysis of Google Form. The conclusion is that majority of the preclinical medical students were interested to learn more about AI in radiology. Most of them agreed that AI gives advantages to radiology by saving time and workload yet they do not think that AI will replace the jobs of radiologists in the future.

Keywords: Medical students, Artificial Intelligence, Radiology, Perceptions and Knowledge, Artificial intelligence in radiology.

Title: PERCEPTIONS AND KNOWLEDGE OF MEDICAL STUDENTS ABOUT ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN RADIOLOGY

Author: Thiviyareshwary K Bathumanathu, Elysanti Dwi Martadiani, Made Widhi Asih, Pande Putu Yuli Anandasari

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Evidence-based interventions can reduce the risk and incidence of complications such as nosocomial infections. VAP is a pulmonary infection that appears after two days of endotracheal intubation and when invasive mechanical ventilation is used. Nurses’ knowledge would facilitate optimal delivery of patient care, increase confidence in making appropriate decisions, and prevent poor outcomes in the recovery of mechanically ventilated patients. We aimed to assess critical care nurses' knowledge regarding EBGs for the prevention of VAP.

Method: A cross-sectional study that was conducted in the adult ICU at King Faisal Hospital in Makah in the period between January and June 2019. A valid and reliable self-administered questionnaire was adapted and used to achieve the study objectives

Results: A total of 100 nurses participated in the study. The mean knowledge score for the study participants was 17.9 (SD: 2.5) out of 25 (representing 71.6% out of the maximum score) and ranged between 9 and 23. Around 41% of the participants achieved less than 60% (fail), 35% achieved a score between 60-75% (poor knowledge), and only 24% of the participants showed satisfactory scores (≥ 75%). Nationality, level of education, and professional years of experience were important factors that influenced nurses’ knowledge regarding the EBGs for the prevention of VAP. Non-Saudi nurses, those with a master’s degree, and those with a longer duration of professional experience showed higher knowledge scores compared to others (p≤0.05).

Conclusion: ICU nurses showed a high level of knowledge concerning basic nursing interventions. However, nurses lack knowledge concerning interventions recommended in the EBGs for the prevention of VAP. Nationality, years working in ICU and level of education were important factors that influenced nurses’ knowledge of EBGs for the prevention of VAP.

Keywords: Intensive Care Units; Knowledge; Nurses; Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Nurses; Saudi Arabia.

Title: Critical Care Nurses' Knowledge Regarding Evidence-Based Guidelines for Preventing of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Units: A cross-sectional study

Author: Abrar Mohmmad Hashem Bokhary, Amina Hemida Salem, Friyal Mubark Al-Qahtani

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Intravascular catheters (CVC) are commonly used in critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) for multiple purposes. Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) could be associated with using CVCs. Nurses can be educated and motivated to implement interventions that facilitate and improve patient outcomes. Certainly, noncompliance with the CLABSI bundle, can negatively impact patient outcomes. Only limited studies in Saudi Arabia have evaluated nurses' knowledge about current prevention guidelines for CLABSI.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2019 to determine the level of critical care nurses' knowledge of the CDC's guidelines for CLABSI prevention. Previously validated instrument was used to achieve the study objectives.

Results: A total of 100 nurses participated in the study. The vast majority of them (94%) they heard about the CLABSI guidelines and 78% receive training for applying the CLABSI guidelines. Only 13% of the nurses had fully mastered the guidelines. Shortage of nurses and overwork was the main barrier to compliance to CLABSI guidelines. The overall knowledge score was 13.07 (±4.0) out of 20. There is a lack of knowledge CLABSI guidelines, since only 39% of nurses had a high score, whereas 43% had an average level of knowledge and 18% had a weak level.

Conclusion: These findings indicate a potential risk for patient safety and highlights the need for providing continuous educational programmes to improve patients’ outcomes in the ICUs. Improvement of ICU nurses’ knowledge is greatly needed regarding the prevention guidelines for CLABSI.

Keywords: Bloodstream infection; Central line; Knowledge; Nurses; Saudi Arabia.

Title: Critical care nurses' knowledge about the prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infection: A cross-sectional study

Author: Tahani Tariq Abo Solayman, Rima S. AL Garni, Yasser Elghoneimy

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: As a significant dietary source for energy, the breakfast is considered as an important meal of the day and skipping of breakfast affects mental, physical activity of people. Worldwide, undergraduate university students have the habits of skipping meals particularly breakfast. Since there were very few literatures available on the impacts of skipping breakfast on academic performance of the students, we endeavor to put forward a study to assess the prevalence of skipping breakfast and its association with academic performance. A Cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among all batches of Nursing and Medical students of Eastern University Sri Lanka.  Considering the total number of (488) students the sample size was estimated as 253. An online data collection was carried out using a pilot tested and self-administered questionnaire.

According to the finding of this study, the prevalence of breakfast skipping among the students was 36%. Significant differences were seen in various parameters such as memory, concentration, grades obtained and attendance between breakfast skippers and breakfast non-skippers. Breakfast consumption is associated with a range of positive outcomes and skipping breakfast leads to negatively impacts in the academic performance.

Keywords: Food habits, Skipping breakfast, Academic performance.

Title: Impacts of Skipping Breakfast on Academic Performance among Medical and Nursing Students of Eastern University Sri Lanka

Author: Handuwala, L. H. H. I. S, Fernando, W. S. S, Jenaniya, J, Apinaya, J, Sujendran, S

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: This article focuses on elder abuse and neglect as a growing social problem that became worse due to the covid-19 pandemic.  With an expounding increase in the older population projected in the next ten years, it is crucial that professionals working in the Gerontology industry receive a comprehensive training in identifying, comprehending, addressing, and preventing elder abuse and neglect.  This article provides information on different types of elder abuse and neglect, indicators, risk factors, theories of abuse, and caregiver issues while the older adults are dealing with isolation due to the pandemic. 

Keywords: Elder abuse, elder neglect, indicators of elder abuse, pandemic, isolation.

Title: ELDER ABUSE AND NEGLECT: A BRIEF PRIMER IN AN ERA OF A PANDEMIC

Author: Dr. Anita Sharma

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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