Vol 14 Issue 1 January 2026-March 2026

Abstract: The deposit taking and credit cooperative societies have been in the process of significant transformation. The force behind this transformation of the deposit taking and credit cooperative societies is innovation in information technologies which has led to adoption of Business Process Reengineering projects by SACCOs. Guided by this background, the study examined the influence of business process reengineering on customer satisfaction of deposit taking and credit cooperative societies in coastal region counties, Kenya. The specific objectives were; Internet Banking, Mobile Banking, Electronic funds transfer and Automated teller machines and the ascertainment of how they affected customer satisfaction of deposit taking and credit cooperative societies in coastal region counties, Kenya.  This study was guided by diffusion innovation theory, bank led theory and open school system theory. The study adopted descriptive research design. Primary data was collected through research questionnaire that was developed and sent to the various customers of deposit taking and credit cooperative societies in coastal region counties, Kenya. The positive correlation between mobile banking and customer satisfaction shown by a correlation figure 0.378 and regression coefficient of 0.135 showed that mobile banking improved customer satisfaction of SACCOs. The positive correlation between internet banking and customer satisfaction shown by a correlation figure 0.514 and regression coefficient of 0.083 showed that internet banking improved customer satisfaction of SACCOs. The positive correlation between electronic funds transfer and customer satisfaction shown by a correlation figure 0.577 and regression coefficient of 0.572 showed that electronic funds transfer improved customer satisfaction of SACCOs. The positive correlation between automated teller machine and customer satisfaction shown by a correlation figure 0.626 and regression coefficient of 0.058 showed that automated teller machine improved customer satisfaction of SACCOs.The study recommends that; SACCOs should take advantage of wide network coverage to reach the unbanked population and enhance their services hence customer satisfaction. Additionally, the study recommends that the application software platform should be as simple as possible and user-friendly which could be used by virtually everybody. The SACCOs should assure customers that transacting online is safer and private to encourage the SACCO customers to embrace online banking. SACCOs should team up with cybersecurity experts to proactively counter any imminent threats on online banking. The SACCOs should improve the interbank electronic fund transfer to encourage customers to use the service. Also, charges on EFT services should be competitive to enhance the SACCOs customer satisfaction. Finally, the SACCOs should   install ATMs in all towns since it was established from the study that the benefits of installing ATM to the SACCOs were plenty. SACCOs should renegotiate with the regulating authority to expand the withdrawal amount limit since it affected customer satisfaction of the SACCOs negatively. The SACCOs should encourage customers to use ATMs by slapping the counter service fee. 

Keywords: Business Process Reengineering, Internet Banking, Mobile Banking, Automated Teller Machines, Electronic fund Transfer, and performance.     

Title: BUSINESS PROCESS REENGINEERING AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION OF LICENSED AND AUTHORIZED DEPOSIT TAKING SACCO SOCIETIES IN THE COAST REGION COUNTIES, KENYA

Author: Dr Peter Situma Sasaka

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, January 2026 - March 2026

Page No: 39-54

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 31-January-2026

Abstract: The present study is aimed to investigate emotional maturity of late adolescent girls and boys belonging to nuclear and joint family type. For this purpose, sample of 120 boys (60 joint family & 60 nuclear family) and 120 girls (60 joint family & 60 nuclear family) were taken from Udaipur city. For this purpose emotional maturity scale by Dr. Yashvir Singh and Mahesh Bhargava is used. Frequency and percentage method is employed to statistically analyse the data. The result reveals that there is a significant difference in emotional maturity of boys and girls adolescent. The result reveals both joint and nuclear family boys are socially stable and girls of joint family type are socially instable and nuclear family girls are found to be extremely unstable in autonomous functioning domain.

Keywords: Emotional Maturity, Nuclear Family, Joint Family, Adolescent Boys, Adolescent Girls.

Title: An Assessment of Emotional Maturity of Adolescent Belonging to Nuclear and Joint Family Type

Author: Shiwangi Prabhat, Dr. Sangeeta Rani, Dr. Renu Kumari, Dr. Kusum Kumari, Shweta Priyadarshini

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, January 2026 - March 2026

Page No: 39-44

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 20-January-2026

Abstract: A growing body of research highlights students’ psychological sense of belonging as a critical factor in persistence in higher education. Grounded in Strayhorn’s belonging framework and Tinto’s institutional integration model, belonging is theorized as a proximal psychological mechanism influencing students’ decisions to remain enrolled. This quantitative, cross-sectional correlational study examined whether sense of belonging is associated with intent to stay and the extent to which belonging predicts retention intent among undergraduate students. Data were collected from 200 students enrolled at accredited U.S. universities using Strayhorn’s College Students’ Sense of Belonging Scale (α = .89) and an adapted Institutional Commitment/Intent to Stay Scale (α = .84). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong positive association between belonging and intent to stay (r = .67, p < .001). Simple linear regression indicated that sense of belonging was a significant predictor of intent to stay (B = 0.67, p < .001), accounting for 44.8% of the variance in retention intent (R² = .448). These findings provide empirical support for belonging as a key psychological determinant of students’ persistence intentions and extend existing theoretical models by validating belonging as a measurable predictor of retention-related outcomes. Practically, the results highlights the need for higher education institutions to prioritize belonging-centered strategies, including inclusive learning environments, supportive faculty–student relationships, and structured peer engagement, as part of comprehensive retention and student success initiatives.

Keywords: Psychological sense of belonging, Intent to stay enrolled, Student retention, Higher education retention, Faculty support, First-generation students.

Title: Psychological Sense of University Belonging and Intent to Stay Enrolled: Is there an Association?

Author: Dr. David Augustine Bull

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, January 2026 - March 2026

Page No: 23-38

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 12-January-2026

Abstract: Humanitarian crises produce enduring social and existential disruption that extends beyond material loss and psychological distress. Although post-crisis recovery research has emphasized trauma reduction and infrastructure rebuilding, the existential mechanisms that support social renewal remain underexamined. Guided by logotherapy and meaning-making theory, this mixed-methods study investigated existential hope as a mechanism of social recovery in communities emerging from humanitarian crises. A cross-sectional survey of adults from crisis-affected communities (N = 180) examined relationships among collective suffering, existential hope, social cohesion, trust restoration, and future-oriented collective engagement. Pearson correlations indicated that existential hope was positively associated with social cohesion (r = .49, p < .001), trust restoration (r = .44, p < .001), and collective engagement (r = .53, p < .001). Hierarchical regression analyses demonstrated that existential hope uniquely predicted social cohesion (β = .38, ΔR² = .14), trust restoration (β = .34, ΔR² = .12), and collective engagement (β = .41, ΔR² = .17), after controlling for collective suffering. Mediation analyses using bootstrapped confidence intervals (5,000 resamples) indicated that existential hope partially mediated the relationship between collective suffering and social cohesion (indirect effect = −.18, 95% CI [−.26, −.11]), trust restoration (indirect effect = −.15, 95% CI [−.23, −.08]), and collective engagement (indirect effect = −.21, 95% CI [−.30, −.13]). Qualitative interviews (n = 25) converged with quantitative findings, revealing that shared meaning, responsibility, and future orientation enabled trust rebuilding and collective engagement despite ongoing adversity. Together, the findings provide empirical support for extending logotherapy to the community level and position existential hope as a central mechanism transforming collective suffering into social recovery.

Keywords: existential hope; logotherapy; meaning-making; social recovery; humanitarian crises; collective suffering; social cohesion; trust restoration; mixed-methods.

Title: Existential Hope and Social Recovery: Applying Logotherapy to Communities Emerging from Humanitarian Crises

Author: Dr. David Bull

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, January 2026 - March 2026

Page No: 1-22

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 05-January-2026