Abstract: The prevalence of food allergies has been rising globally, affecting both children and adults. Misunderstanding food allergies can lead to unnecessary dietary restrictions or, in some cases, life-threatening consequences. This overview aims to describe food allergies, distinguish it from other forms of food sensitivity, and discuss its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. The literature source consists of relevant journals and books from the search engines PubMed and Google Scholar. When an individual with a food allergies consumes a particular allergen, their immune system produces IgE antibodies against that allergen. Upon subsequent exposure, these antibodies trigger the release of histamines and other inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils, resulting in allergic symptoms. The classic symptoms of a food allergies can range from mild to severe and include skin reactions (hives, eczema, or itching), gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain), respiratory issues (sneezing, runny nose, coughing, or difficulty breathing) or systemic reactions (naphylaxis). The combination of of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests in some cases can provide enough diagnostic reliability to make the diagnosis of a food allergies. Oral antihistamines may relief for mild allergic symptoms, whereas systemic corticosteroids may be prescribed for severe acute reactions or persistent inflammatory symptoms. Patients with systemic reactions should receive intramuscular epinephrine (adrenaline) during anaphylaxis.
Keywords: Food Allergies, Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment.
Title: AN OVERVIEW OF FOOD ALLERGIES
Author: Desak Gde Diah Dharma Santhi
International Journal of Healthcare Sciences
ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)
Vol. 13, Issue 2, October 2025 - March 2026
Page No: 421-427
Research Publish Journals
Website: www.researchpublish.com
Published Date: 25-February-2026
