Vol 4 Issue 1 April 2016-September 2016

Abstract: Soft storey is an unavoidable feature in the multistorey building. It is open for the purpose of parking or reception lobbies and soft storey at different levels of the building for office use. It is also called as stilts storey. Masonry infills are normally considered as non-structural elements and their stiffness contributions are generally ignored in practice, such an approach can lead to an unsafe design. In the soft storey, the inter storey drifts and seismic demands of the columns are excessive that causes heavy damage or collapse of the buildings during a severe earthquake. The masonry infill walls though constructed as secondary elements behaves as a constituent part of the structural system and determine the overall behaviour of the structure especially when it is subjected to seismic loads. In modeling, the masonry infill panels the Finite Element Method is used and the software ETABS is used for the linear dynamic analysis of all the models. Keywords: Seismic Analysis, multistorey building. Title: Seismic Analysis of Multistorey Building with Bare Frame, Bare Frame with Slab Element and Soft Storey at Different Levels of the Building for Various Seismic Zones Author: D.NAGARAJU, D.VENKATESWARLU, K.NAGA LAKSHMAIAH International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The first part of the study deals with testing of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) mixes with Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) in Air Dry (AD), Saturated Surface Dry (SSD), Saturated Surface Wet (SSW) and Surface Wet (SW) conditions and at different levels of replacement for Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA), so as to assess their influence, on fresh and hardened properties of RAC. The second part, deals with testing of concrete mixes with Recycled Fine Aggregate (RFA) at different replacement levels for Natural Fine Aggregate (NFA). Two fractions of coarse aggregates are used in the mix design viz., 60% (< 20 mm and > 10mm) and the remaining 40 % (< 10 mm and > 4.75mm). At any replacement level of RCA, slump is found to be lowest in AD condition and highest in SSW. The slump is found to reduce with increase in RCA content. At all RCA replacement levels, the AD condition, yields maximum compressive strength, followed by SSD (-11%), SW (-25%) and SSW (-30%). The test results with respect to compressive strength at 7 and 28 days, density and split tensile strength are statistically analysed, to determine their correlation as well as the ratio between them. An empirical equation is proposed to compute the normalized value taking into account the prime variants of the study. It is also observed that, slump value decreases as the percentage replacement of RFA increases and reaches zero for 100% replacement. At all levels of RFA replacement, concrete mixes possess, higher 28 days strength, than the mix with NFA. A linear equation is proposed to compute the normalized 28 days strength for different RFA replacement levels. It is concluded that, since quantum of concrete waste generation is obviously much less than concrete requirement in construction sector, the possible replacement levels may be fixed as 20% RCA and RFA. Test results for such replacement levels indicate, that RAC possesses very similar properties of Natural Aggregate Concrete (NAC), except for workability requirements, which can be circumvented with the use of 0.8% superplasticizer (SP). Keywords: Concrete waste, Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA), Recycled Fine Aggregate (RFA), Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC), Air Dry (AD), Saturated Surface Dry (SSD), Saturated Surface Wet (SSW), Surface Wet (SW), Natural Fine Aggregate (NFA), Natural Coarse aggregate (NCA), Natural Aggregate Concrete(NAC). Title: Experimental Studies on Utilization of Recycled Concrete Aggregates in various moisture conditions and Recycled Fine Aggregates in Normal Grade Concrete Mixes Author: Vinay Kumar B M, H Ananthan, KVA Balaji International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Advanced structural health monitoring (SHM) has become an important emerging field in which non-intrusive damage detection techniques are integrated into a structure to continuously monitor the complete bridge or individual bridge components. It is believed that a properly installed SHM system can extend the useful life of bridges by early identification and repair of structural damage or deterioration. This paper presents recent trends and popular technologies in SHM systems. The SHM systems presented are sponsored by several federal, state, or county agencies to address applications including evaluation of a relatively new material for use in bridges; protection of historically significant bridges from arson and vandalism; and detection of damage in fracture-critical bridges. As these leading edge systems prove their capabilities and as technology continues to further develop, it is expected that these state-of-the-art systems will quickly become tomorrow’s state-of-the-practice systems. As these SHM systems continue to be improved and implemented, roadway networks across the world will continue to become safer and more manageable. Keywords: bridges, sensor, data acquisition, data management. Title: Recent Trends in Bridge Health Monitoring Author: Yoon-Si Lee, Brent Phares, Monish V. Jayselan, Sameed A. Osman International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Seepage analysis is very important to ascertain the stability of structure or seepage itself. The stability of seepage depends upon on its geometry, its components, material properties of each component and the forces to which it is subjected. The methodology and assumption implicated by various analyzing techniques regarding the seepage sustainability investigation on soil embankment are considered and their characteristics are listed. The principles involved and equation to compute the stability or amount of flow taken place in embankment dam. The consideration of these data are also studied in order to select a suitable method using finite element method Geo-studio SEEP/W for the seepage analysis that satisfies almost all the conditions and given the more accurate results. Seismic performance is one of the most important issues for homogeneous earth fill dam which are constructed in regions that height, slope angle and amplitude of input motion on the peak crest acceleration. The present works deals with an important and complex issue in geotechnical and earthquake engineering. This concerns the influence of both elasticity and pore- water pressure on the seismic response of earthen dams to artificial earthquake records using finite element software QUAKE/W in Geo studio. Keywords: Seepage, Seismic performances, Earthen dam, Geo-studio, Earthquake. Title: Seepage Analysis and Seismic Behaviour of Earth Fill Dam Using Geo-Studio Author: Mr. PAVAN N, Mrs. BARNALI GHOSH, Dr.S.K.PRASAD International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Ring shaped - steel plate shear walls (RS-SPSWs) are a newly invented lateral load resisting system. It resists the buckling of the panel through the deformation properties of the rings. This paper is an attempt to develop a new RS-SPSW that has more strength, stiffness and energy dissipation. The configuration of cut-outs, thickness of steel plate, outer radius of the rings, width of the rings etc are selected as the input parameters for this study. In order to simulate the behaviour of RS-SPSW, a non linear static analysis was conducted by using ANSYS 14.5. Hysteretic curves, monotonic load displacement curves and out of plane displacement of plate are demonstrated. From the preliminary analysis of RS-SPSWs under different configuration of alignment of the rings, it is found that the steel plate shear wall panel with rings arranged along perimeter (RS-G-3) as well as completely aligned ring models (RS-G-2) shows promising results. While comparing RS-G-2 and RS-G-3, RS-G-3 has strength and stiffness about 10.82% and 48.11% than that of RS-G-2. Increase in plate thickness and width of the connecting ring as well as decrease in outer ring radius shows improvement in efficiency of both structures. Based on the different parametric analysis, it can be concluded that RS-G-3 shows better performance on the basis strength and stiffness. Conversely RS-G-2 shows more energy dissipation than that of RS-G-3. Keywords: Ring shaped steel plate shear wall, stiffness, energy dissipation, hysteresis loop. Title: SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF RING SHAPED STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALL Author: Simsha Suresh , Lekshmi L International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The aim of the work is to investigate the possibility of replacing the part of Portland cement by Red mud and Fine Aggregates by. Because of storing issues, the waste negatively affects the environment. To solve this problem, an attempt was made to check the effectiveness of Red mud as a partial replacement of Portland cement. Portland cement was replaced up to 30 % Red mud by the weight of cement and checking the compressive strength of mortar. Fine aggregate was replaced up to 60% Quarry dust and evaluating its compressive and splitting tensile strength of Red mud concrete. The optimum gained after 7 and 28 days curing period was found to be 20% Red mud (for mortar) and for the combination of both Red mud and Quarry dust was found to be 20% Red mud + 40% Quarry dust(for concrete). Keywords: Red mud, Quarry dust. Title: Experimental Study on Utilization of Red Mud and Quarry Dust in Cement Mortar and Concrete Author: KIRAN KUMAR M S, RAGHAVENDRA NAIK, HARISH K S, RAMESH M International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The world timber demand is increasing at a rapid rate but the timber supply is depleting. It’s been found through research that bamboo can suitably replace timber and other materials in construction and other works. Industrially treated bamboo has shown great potential for production of composite materials and components which are cost-effective and can be successfully utilized for structural and non-structural applications in construction. Bamboo is one of the oldest traditional building materials used by mankind. Through research it has been found that some species of bamboo have ultimate tensile strength same as that of mild steel at yield point and this coupled with other merits boosts the usage of bamboo as construction material. Bamboo is a versatile material because of its high strength-to-weight ratio, easy workability and availability. Bamboo needs to be chemically treated due to their low natural durability. It can be used in different ways for roof structure as purlins, rafters and reapers, for flooring, doors and windows, walling, ceiling, man-hole covers etc. Keywords: Bamboo, bamboo reinforcement, tensile strength, construction material, cost effective. Title: Bamboo as Construction Material and Bamboo Reinforcement Author: Pratish Kumar Singh, Aashish Jodhani, Abhay Pratap Singh International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Earth quake is one of the greatest natural hazards to life on this planet. The effects of the earthquake are very sudden with little or no warning to make alert against damages and collapse of the buildings. The hazards of life in the case of earthquake are entirely associated with manmade structures like building, bridges and dams etc. Prevention of structure from this disaster has become increasingly important in recent years. Prevention of disaster includes the prevention of seismic risk through retrofitting of existing buildings in order to meet the seismic safety requirements. There are lot of building which are not designed for earthquake forces or many buildings which are designed for earthquake forces but later on due to change in earthquake code, these buildings are needed to be retrofied. The new construction can be built earth quake resistant easily by adopting proper design methodology and quality control in construction but old construction which is not design with code provisions posses’ enormous seismic risk in particular to human life and historic monuments. Most of the losses of lives in previous earthquakes in different countries have occurred due to collapse of buildings, these buildings are generally non-engineered, those constructed without any concern with the engineer. The safety of the non-engineered buildings from the large earthquakes is a subject of highest priority because in view of the fact that in the moderate to severe seismic zones of the world more than 90% of the population still lives and works in such buildings. The risk to casualty is rapidly increasing due to increasing population, poverty, deficiency of modern building materials, as cement and steel, lack of awareness and necessary skills and technology, particularly in the developing countries. Most of the small and residential buildings are built rapidly with little or without engineering inputs. The main problem creating this situation is lack of awareness, knowledge, and poor mechanism of technology dissemination. So it is highly needed to increase its capacity to bear these forces caused due to earthquake. Many high rise buildings are highly vulnerable to earthquake due to more height and large occupancy. The Bhuj earthquake of 26 January- 2001 can be considered as an ill-fated event when this class of buildings feels catastrophic damage causing large scale casualty and property loss. These buildings need immediate attention and seismic retrofit of such buildings to get safe from upcoming severe problems. This thesis presents an attempt towards quantitative evaluation of seismic vulnerability of this particular type of buildings and proposes practical solutions to reduce it. The results, with and without strengthening measures, are compared to estimate the effectiveness of the various intervention options. Keywords: Seismic Retrofit, Seismic Vulnerability, Disaster, Human life, Increasing Population, Poverty, Deficiency of Modern Building Materials. Title: Rehabilitation of a Beam & Column in R.C Structures by Using Steel Jacketing Technique Author: Avinashsingh,Mrs.RashmiSakalle,Mrs. Nita Rajvaidya International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Slope stabilizing pile is one of the most effective ways to reinforce a slope with soil arching effect, in which the interslice forces transmitted to the soil slice behind the piles is reduced. Limit equilibrium based slope stability analysis technique is used in this paper to ascertain factor of safety of slope as well as to quantify forces within the piles. Load transfer factor has been used to estimate net force imparted on the piles with respect to influencing factors such as spacing and pile properties, slope geometry, soil-strength parameters and pile location on the slope. The present study includes analysis of slope with and without piles to verify the results based on this approach to those proposed by other researchers. Keywords: Slope stability, piles, load transfer factor, parametric study. Title: Simplified Analysis of Slope Stabilizing Piles Author: Aliah, S.Z., Lee, C.Y. International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Cyclic loading in marine clay may lead to gradual loss of its shear strength and it is a major cause for increasing pore water pressure. This paper presents the strain-controlled cyclic direct simple shear test results to describe the cyclic undrained shear strength of Malaysia marine clay under different over consolidation ratios (OCR) and strain amplitudes ranging from ±1% to ±5%. It is reported herein that the degradation of shear strength and pore water pressure increment are significant when cyclic strain amplitude applied on clay specimen increases. On the other hand, over consolidated clay specimens tend to develop negative pore pressure at low strain level (±1%) as soon as cyclic tests began. However, normally consolidated clay specimens generate positive pore pressure at all strain amplitudes applied in the present study. Keywords: Clay, strain-controlled, strain amplitudes, pore pressure, simple shear, over consolidation ratio. Title: Effect of OCR on Cyclic Shear Strength Degradation of Marine Clay Author: Thian, S.Y., Lee, C.Y. International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The objective of the investigation is to find the effects of concrete composites when cement is partially replaced with cement and when polypropylene fibers are added to the composites. The proportions of the mix design of the control mix are 1: 1.528: 2.7. The water-cement ratio used for the investigation was 0.45. The cement was replaced by GGBS for 0, 10, 20, 30 percentages for above mentioned replacements the polypropylene fibers were added for 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 percentages. The cut length of polypropylene fibers used in the investigation is 12mm. This investigation gives the feasibility of use of polypropylene fibers on properties of concrete such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength. The above test were conducted by varying both fiber content and GGBS content. The GGBS content was varied from 0 to 30 percent of cement content. Keywords: polypropylene fibers, GGBS, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength. Title: Strength Assessment Of GGBS Based Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete Composites Author: Mr. Kiran M U, Mr. Nageshwara Gupta B International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The Objective of this study is to control drift and displacement by providing sky bridge between two high rise buildings and to ensure fire safety to the people during fire effects Here two 20 storey buildings, 10m apart are analyzed individually to find where the drift and displacements are maximum for that maximum drift value skybridge is connected and analyzed again to check weather drift and displacements are minimized in the structure. Loads are applied as per code and Analysis is performed using E-TABS 2015 software. Keywords: Irregular building, Drift; Displacemen, Skybridge, E-TABS analysis of structure. Title: A Study Of Lateral Drift Controlling Between Two Buildings By Connecting Sky Bridge Author: Mr. Kiran M .U, Mr. Shivananda S. M, Mr. Mahantesha O International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Construction equipment is a high cost of capital investment necessary for the successful existence of a private construction company .The highest impact cost factor other than the initial purchase investment is the expenses related to maintenance and repair. As the equipment ages, the ownership costs decrease and the operating expenses increase as the maintenance and repairs requirements grow. Both private and public entities desire to manage this high investment for optimization of a perceived profit. This project recommends a decision support model that can be used by private and public entities alike to determine the best fit acquisition method and guidance for profitability optimization. Methods of life cycle cost estimating and decision methods were researched and compared. Data was acquired from equipment rental companies and private construction companies. This data was analyzed to select the appropriate decision factors and develop the Decision Model. Keywords: Construction equipment, acquisition, equipment management. Title: A METHODOLOGY TO SELECT CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT ACQUISITION METHOD Author: Ms. Neha Shinde, Prof. Rahul Shinde International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Abu Dhabi Urban planning council (UPC) drives and supports the Abu Dhabi urban development strategy and transferring the plan and vision 2030.Physical setting and developing strategic development plan that create the guides principle and regulations that cascade over strategic project designed to shape the country by a sustainable program under the name of (ESTIDAMA is the Arabic meaning of sustainability), and is not only a rating method or something that people have to do, but it`s a strategic vision to achieve a new sustainable lifestyle in the Abu Dhabi and UAE. ESTIDAMA goal is to develop and make a new way for the life in the UAE as a physical and cultural identity and improving the quality of live for the residents and society in four equal pillars of sustainability that including, environmental, economy, and social and the culture. The green building and sustainability practice considerations into all stages of the building construction projects and focuses on the stages of design, construction and operation. The ultimate goal of sustainable building is to provide the occupant with a healthy, productive and safe way of living for communities. The aim of this paper is to study and discover the process of the green building implementation on residential building projects in Abu Dhabiand measure the degree of sustainability achieved in implementation of residential building in Abu Dhabi cityforthe future projects by depth study in this field of sustainability. Keywords: Abu Dhabi, GBP, ESTIDAMA, PRS, sustainability, residential Construction. UAE. Title: Sustainability Implementation on UAE Residential Building Projects Author: Khaled Ali Alobaidi, Dr. Abdelgadir Mohammed, Dr. Shadiya Baqutayan International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Retrofitting or renovating an existing facility is most of the time more cost-effective and economic than investing in a new facility. Reducing and conserving energy is not the only purpose for retrofitting existing facilities but the idea should be to create a high-performance facility by adopting the integrated, whole-building design methodology, to the project during the initial phase i.e. Preliminary Design Stage that ensures all important design objectives are met. The unique aspects for retrofit of buildings must be given special importance while designing. Keywords: Retrofitting, Existing Building, IGBC, Green Building, Energy Conservation, Water & Energy Efficiency, Sustainable Building, Human Health. Title: RETROFITTING OF EXISTING BUILDING AS PER IGBC EXISTING BUILDING NORMS – A REVIEW Author: Vijay Kataria, Hemant Salunkhe International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research ISSN 2348-7607 (Online) Research Publish Journals