Vol 3 Issue 2 April 2015-June 2015

Abstract: This paper introduces noise suppression using adaptive filtering especially for Gaussian and speckle noise. This filter is used for the sharpness enhancement of degraded image and performs well for Gaussian noise and speckle noise reduction.  A simple and effective based on the combined difference image and k-means clustering is proposed for the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image change detection task. First, we use one of the most popular denoising methods, the probabilistic-patch-based algorithm, for speckle noise reduction of the two multitemporal SAR images, and the subtraction operator and the log ratio operator are applied to generate two kinds of simple change maps. Then, the mean filter and the median filter are used to the two change maps, respectively, where the mean filter focuses on making the change map smooth and the local area consistent, and the median filter is used to preserve the edge information.

Keywords:  Change detection, Difference image, K-means clustering, SAR images.

Title: Combined Difference Image and Fuzzy C-Means Clustering for SAR Image Change Detection

Author:  O. Chitrapraba

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This research introduces an energy storage system to deliver microgrid frequency response - as an ultracapacitors and inverter , to deliver short term energy response. The coupling of doubely fed induction generator and squirrel cage induction machine a control system is created to monitor the grid frequency and activate an inverter to either charge or discharge a supercapacitor depending on the measured conditions. For example, when the frequency is measured below 50 Hz, the supercapacitor deliver power into the microgrid to arrest the frequency deviation. Microgrid frequency is stabilized by adding short term energy response. A description of the major components as well as their simulation results is described herein.

Keywords:  Capacitor, Micro grid, Super capacitor, Super capacitor Mat lab model.

Title: Microgrid Frequency Stabilization With Motor-Generator & Supercapacitor Based System

Author: Mr.Mithul There, Mr.Sachin Suke, Dr(Mrs.)Shubhada Muley

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In this paper, a direct load angle control (DLA) method of a three phase induction machine is proposed to minimize torque ripple and flux ripple while maintaining constant switching frequency. In this comparision between the DLA and DTC. In DLA control drawback of switching frequency is overcome by using SVM. Proposed DLA control method is applied to three level voltage source inverter fed induction motors and result is presented. From the simulation result it is found that the proposed DLA control scheme impressively reduced the torque and flux ripples when compared with conventional DTC.

Keywords: Direct torque control, induction motor drives, inverter.

Title: Torque and Flux Ripple Reduction of Three Phase Induction Motor Using DLA

Author: Mr. Tilak Bambal, Mrs. Sumitra Gupta, Mr. Mahadeo Gaidhane

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Advancements in wireless technologies have made vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) viable for their applications, such as navigation, driver safety, multimedia content sharing, infotainment, etc. distribution of information is constrained by fast movement of nodes and frequent disconnections in VANETs. Currently geographic routing protocols are employed for VANETs and these routing protocols work well as they don’t require route construction and route maintenance phases and reliable delivery is concerned when connectivity is taken as the parameter. To get target vehicle position some of protocols use flooding system which can be harmful in city environments. As the city streets and highly connected road segments have numerous intersections, the geographical routing protocols yield routing paths with higher hop counts. In this paper, a hop greedy routing scheme is introduced that yields a routing path with minimum number of intermediate intersections so as to attain minimum hops to reach out to destination and when connectivity is considered as an issue, backbone node is introduced which tracks the movement of source and destination. As the vehicles are considered the highly mobile nodes, the backbone forwards the packet to a proper forwarding node to destine the data. If it doesn’t find the proper node, it stores the data till a proper forwarding intermediate node is found. Simulation results signify high packet delivery ratio and shorter end-to-end delay.

Keywords: Destination discovery, greedy routing, unicast routing, vehicular ad hoc network (VANET).

Title: BACK BONE ASSISTANCE FOR VANETs USING HOP GREEDY ROUTING

Author: Goutam budha, Ramesh Patil

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Presently in distribution system, various protection schemes are used for transformers which are carried out manually. When any fault occurs within a distribution line, the power transformer feeding the distribution transformers is tripped, ultimately leading collapse of the power system. This results in poor power quality and reduces reliability of the system. This paper helps to overcome the above mentioned limitation. Overloading is the main reason to trip the power transformer which requires human intervention. Automatic protection helps to reduce human intervention and also needs less attention to the system. Today, the feeder groups are categorized as A, B, C, D, E, F, and AG. A has the highest priority, followed by B, C, and so on. Feeder AG has the lowest priority. When the transformer is overloaded, the feeder of lower priority is tripped. When the load decreases, the feeder is brought back in the operation. The temperature is also, one of the important issues with transformers. In the proposed scheme transformer temperature is controlled and monitored by temperature sensing elements and controller.

Keywords: power system, transformer protection, automatic load handling, temperature control.

Title: Transformer Protection by Using Micro controller

Author: Khavale Shankar N., Mandke Radheya N., Rananavare Chandrashekhar M., Prof. Nehete Amit L.

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In this work, a two-tank interacting level process taken-up for study. The mathematical model of two-tank interacting process is derived. A conventional PI controller is designed based on process reaction curve with ZN techniques. To improve the performance of PI controller, fuzzy logic control is proposed and implemented for a two tank interacting process. To study and implement particles swarm optimization (PSO) technique in order to optimize PI control parameters. To improve the performance of PSO-PI controller, PSO-FLC is proposed and implemented for a two tank interacting process. To obtain servo and regulatory response with PI, fuzzy logic, PSO based PI controller and PSO based FLC controller.  To implement PSO based controllers  in real time system using VMAT CARD.

Keywords: Two-tank interacting process, PI controller, PSO-PI, FLC controller and PSO-FLC.

Title: Design and Implementation of Controllers for A Two-Tank Interacting Level Process Using PSO Techniques

Author: R. Soundariya, Dr. S. Arulselvi

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract:  In this paper a navigation scheme is proposed which dynamically provides the route information with varying speed limits for various countries; also the source information can be authenticated. The privacy for the drivers who issues the query and the query (destination) are guaranteed to be secured (Unlinkable) to any attacker (Hacker) including the trusted authority. The concepts of anonymous credential can be used to achieve this. This scheme fulfills all other necessary security requirements for secured communication along with authentication and maintaining privacy of the vehicle.

Keywords: Secured Communication, Navigation using VANET, Privacy Management, anonymous credential, Data Encryption.

Title: Secured and Privacy Preserving Navigation for VANET

Author: Varun Patil, Premala S. Patil

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper represents an automated system for air pollution detection and control in vehicles. We see that the emission from motor vehicle is one of the main sources of air pollution and this is due to the improper maintenance or checkup of the vehicle. Therefore I proposed a system in which I’ll control the air pollution with the help of detection from the motor vehicle. Detection and control is the main area on which we have to work if we really want to control air pollution.  In my system there is a smoke sensor which is placed at the vehicle’s silencer from where the smoke is flown or released in the atmosphere. Smoke sensor is used to measure the percentage of carbon pollutants present in the smoke which is the cause of the air pollution. The output of the smoke sensor comes in the form of analog voltage so there is need of ADC to convert in to form of digital voltage. The output of the smoke sensor is checked by the microcontroller. In this system I am using ATMEGA 8 microcontroller. As the vehicle attains the maximum threshold pollution level, the system will be trigged and engine goes to the off state.

Keywords: Microcontroller, Smoke sensor, DC motor, LCD, Relay.

Title: Automated System for Air Pollution Detection and Control in Vehicles

Author: Diwakar Tiwari, Shashank Shekhar, Anurag Joshi, Aman Deep

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This research paper is about developing a PID (proportional-integration derivation) controller for controlling the speed of DC motor. The software used for designing the controller is Lab VIEW 2011. The methodology is divided in two parts first one is software development and second one is hardware implementation.  In software development calculation of DC motor transfer function and then simulation for finding out the parameter values of PID and developing the software controller.  To obtain the value for Kp, Ki and Kd Ziegler-Nichols Closed-Loop Method is used. Finally to interface the controller with the hardware myDAQ will be used. After finishing both parts, speed control of DC motor can be tuned by using the PID parameter values for analyzing of its response.

Keywords: DC motor, Lab VIEW, PID (proportional-integration derivation) controller.

Title: LabVIEW Based Speed Control of DC Motor Using PID Controller

Author: Dileep Kumar, Mazhar Hussain, Shaurya Varendra Tyagi, Prof. Ravi Gupta, Prof. Salim

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The coin-based mobile battery charger developed in this paper is providing a unique service to the rural public where grid power is not available for partial/full daytime and a source of revenue for site providers. The coin-based mobile battery charger can be quickly and easily installed outside any business premises. The mobile phone market is a vast industry, and has spread into rural areas as a essential means of communication. While the urban population uses more sophisticated mobiles with good power batteries lasting for several days, the rural population buys the pre owned mobile phones that require charging frequently. Many times battery becomes flat in the middle of conversation particularly at inconvenient times when access to a standard charger isn't possible. The coin-based mobile battery chargers are designed to solve this problem. The user has to plug the mobile phone into one of the adapters and insert a coin; the phone will then be given a micro-pulse for charging. It does not bring a mobile from 'dead' to fully charged state. The charging capacity of the mobile is designed with the help of pre defined values. It is, of course, possible to continue charging the mobile by inserting more coins. This compact and lightweight product is designed to cater for the growing number of rural mobile users worldwide. A suitable microcontroller is programmed for all the controlling applications. The source for charging is obtained from direct power grid and solar energy in case of non availability of grid power.

Keywords: Mobile Phone, Battery Charger, Adapters, Charging-pulse, Microcontroller, P.V.solar panel

Title: Coin Based Mobile Battery Charger

Author: Seema Singh Thakur, Chhaya Dewangan, Mamta Chouhan, DineshKumar

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: With the increasing demands in the field of mobile & data communications, the sole aim is to connect users as fast as possible. 4G provides high mobility with high speed data rates and also supports high capacity IP-based services and applications while it also maintains full backward compatibility. It is also based on wireless communication that is IP based and is slated on Advanced MIMO technology. WiMAX, LTE, Advanced LTE Technologies, etc are part of 4G. In this paper, we portray what the 4G technology actually is including its Technical aspects, Key Features, Challenges, etc and how easy it is to implement 4G showing its Cost effectiveness. Some propositions has been made in order to understand the proper advantages and challenges of 4G System for effective implementation, for e.g.: 4G Network access requires large number of Transmitters & Receivers in the Device which result in heavy consumption of battery. This paper emphasizes on such constrains and its removal. Further, application of multimode software is explained by which different networks can be maintained. Another proposal of Coding Strategies for 4G Wireless Networks in case of Video is mentioned in the paper. Finally, a snapshot of Future Technologies such as 5G, 6G & 7G has been given which has immense scope for innovative research and development.

Keywords: 4G, LTE Advanced, MIMO, WIMAX, 5G, 6G, 7G, Coding Strategies, Multimode Software, Cost effect-tiveness.

Title: 4G Technology, Its Applications & Beyond-An Overview

Author: Rameshwar Dayal, Mithalesh Baghel, Sanjay Mirania, Dinesh Kumar

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The motivation for this project came from the countries where economy is based on agriculture and the climatic conditions lead to lack of rains & scarcity of water. The farmers working in the farm lands are solely dependent on the rains and bore wells for irrigation of the land. Even if the farm land has a water-pump, manual intervention by farmers is required to turn the pump on/off whenever needed. The aim of our project is to minimize this manual intervention by the farmer. Automated Irrigation system will serve the following purposes:

1) As there is no un-planned usage of water, a lot of water is saved from being wasted.

2) The irrigation is the only when there is not enough moisture in the soil and the sensors decides when the pump should be turned on/off, saves a lot time for the farmers. This also gives much needed rest to the farmers, as they don’t have to go and turn the pump on/off manually.

Keywords: DTMF Decoder IC, Cell Phone, Relay Switch, Water Pump, Sensor.

Title: Remote Irrigation and Monitoring System Using GSM Technology

Author: Er. Anshoo Sarswat, Hitendra Pratap Singh, Shaynak Saxena, Yash Chaug, Sanu Mandal

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The main of this paper is to illustrate the technology used in metro train movements which are used in most of the developed countries. This train is equipped with a controller that enables the automatic stopping of the train from station to station. This paper presents the development process of a prototype for a driverless train implemented using a PIC microcontroller. Simulation for the system's circuits is done with the aid of Proteus software. The hardware circuits, which are built on printed circuit boards (PCB), are interfaced with actuators and sensors for automation purposes. The hardware is assembled in a toy-like prototype train. The C programming language is used for programming the microcontroller.

Keywords: Microcontroller, RFID, IR Sensors, D.C Motor, Train, IC, Station, Relay.

Title: Auto Metro Train Shuttle between Two Stations

Author: Er. Thakurendra Singh, Nidhi Singh, Man Mohan Sharma, Rishabh Bhargav, Virendra Singh

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The face of the automotive industry is being re-shaped by concerns over oil supplies, international policy and fuel costs. A wide variety of hybrid technologies are now available including discussion of hydrogen possibilities. The solar powered car, one of the oldest alternative energy vehicles, has many applications to the emerging electric vehicle market. The development of a telemetry system for a solar powered race car aids in a better understanding of the energy usage of a vehicle and the aspects applicable to electric vehicles as a whole. This paper surveys the history and future of solar and electric vehicles and provides an overview of a typical solar car.

Keywords: automotive, electric vehicles, powered, solar car.

Title: Solar Powered Vehicle

Author: Abhinya Chaturvedi, Kirti Kushwaha, Parul Kashyap, Dr. J. P. Navani

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Gas leakage is a major problem with industrial sector, residential premises and gas powered vehicles like CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) buses, cars etc. One of the preventive methods to stop accidents associated with the gas leakage is to install a gas leakage detection device at vulnerable places. The aim of this project is to develop such a device that can automatically detect and stop gas leakages in vulnerable areas. The system detects the leakage of the LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) using a gas sensor and uses the GSM to alert the person about the gas leakage via SMS. When the LPG concentration in the air exceeds a certain level, the gas sensor senses the gas leakage and the output of the sensor goes LOW. This is detected by the microcontroller and the LED and buzzer are turned ON simultaneously. The system then alerts the customer by sending an SMS to the specified mobile-phone.

Keywords: GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas), Gas Sensor MQ-5, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), LED (Light Emitting Diode).

Title: Microcontroller Based LPG Gas Leakage Detector Using GSM Module

Author: Ankit Sood, Babalu Sonkar, Atul Ranjan, Mr. Ameer Faisal

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals