Vol 5 Issue 2 April 2017-June 2017

Design and Implementation of CMOS 64-Bit Comparator Using Different Technologies, Kanika Hans, Amandeepkaur Dhaliwal, International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research, ISSN 2348-6988 (online), Research Publish Journals

Abstract: we represent a high speed and average power consumption 64-Bit Comparator using CMOS technology. Comparison is most basic arithmetic operation that compares one number is greater than, less than or equal to. Comparator is used for comparison operation. Comparison between these different technology is calculated by simulation that is performed at different technologies in Tanner EDA tool. 

Keywords: N-Bit Comparator, delay, power consumption.

Title: Design and Implementation of CMOS 64-Bit Comparator Using Different Technologies

Author: Kanika Hans, Amandeepkaur Dhaliwal

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: During the past decade there has been a considerable amount of information written about lightning and lightning safety. There has, however, been a void of K-12 educational textbooks and supplemental teaching materials on the acoustics (sound) produced by lightning, called thunder. Everyone has heard thunder and understands a little about it, but few know any specifics beyond the basics. This paper is primarily written for science students, teachers, and other interested individuals to provide a resource to enhance their knowledge about the origin of thunder.

Keywords: Trap the Thunder and Lightning, planets and moons.

Title: Trap the Thunder and Lightning

Author: Dronadula Borraiah

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: In this research paper we are representing implementation of transceiver in simulink. Transceiver is divided basically in two parts that is egress and ingress these two parts contains different blocks in it. We can do many more things with transceiver in future. It is one of the most important things in the communication. All the digital techniques work on this concept. In this research paper we implemented the result of transceiver in simulink.

Keywords: Transceiver, egress and ingress, digital techniques.

Title: Implementation of Transceiver in Simulink

Author: Sumedha Chhikara, Prof. (Dr.) Janak kumar B. Patel, Mr. Arun Kumar

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: The mobile cloud computing (MCC) with wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is an emerging Technology gets attraction because they combine the data gathering ability of sensor nodes with the computational capacity of the cloud. This MCC-WSN technology improves the WSN performance level. For instance sensor, networks are lagging with its storage capacity and processing ability this can be overcome while implementing sensor with the cloud. The WSN-MCC is linked by the gateways, which is placed on both side i.e one is at sensor side and another one at cloud side. Compression takes place at sensor’s gateway and decompression in the cloud. The cloud not only store sensory data from nodes but it also simultaneously transfers information to a mobile user who sends the access data request. The most of the integrated sensor-cloud schemes fail to observe the following criteria: 1) mobile user location 2) One of the predominant issues in WSN is power consumption since most of them are equipped with non-rechargeable batteries 3) Load balancing with efficient coverage and connectivity. This paper focuses on above observations and introduces the novel approaches known as Load Balancing With Collaborative Location sleep scheduling with load balancing (LCLSS) Scheme. Both awake and asleep status of each sensor node dynamically devised by schedulers and the scheduling is done purely based on the of mobile users current location. Mostly the sensors are deployed in remote areas there replacing the battery is quite difficult, so it is necessary to reduce the power consumption. This can be achieved by using Proper Scheduling and Load balancing mechanism.

Keywords:  Sleep Scheduling, Mobile cloud computing, wireless sensor network, integration, location, Discrete Point of Interest.

Title: COLLABRATIVE LOCATION BASED SLEEP SCHEDULING WITH LOAD BALANCING IN SENSOR-CLOUD

Author: R. Priya

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: This paper describe that In today’s world there is an increasing need to create artificial arms for different inhuman situations where human interaction is difficult or impossible. They may involve taking readings from an active volcano to diffusing a bomb. Here we propose to build a robotic arm controlled by natural human arm movements whose data is acquired through the use of accelerometers. For proper control mechanism and to reduce the amount of noise coming in from the sensors, proper averaging algorithm is used for smoothening the output of the accelerometer. The development of this arm is based on ATmega32 and ATmega640 platform along with a personal computer for signal processing, which will all be interfaced with each other using serial communication. Finally, this prototype of the arm may be expected to overcome the problem such as placing or picking hazardous objects or non-hazardous objects that are far away from the user.

Keywords: Accelerometer, ASK, CMOS, KEIL, Gesture, ATmega32.

Title: Hand Gesture Controlled Robot

Author: MR. ANKIT BHAGAT, MISS. ANJALI CHANDRAKAR, MISS. NEHA SAHU, MR. NIHAL VERMA, MISS. KUSUM SAHU, MISS. SHIVANI MISHRA

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Identification and designing of an autonomous robot that will assist people at home who are too busy for daily or weekly floor cleaning, especially for families with children. It will also particularly be help for the elderly who live by themselves and do not have the strength or ability to clean. Robotic vacuum cleaners in the market are expensive. The goal is to design a unidirectional platform with sensors to improve the cities cleaning performance problems. The hardware uses Bluetooth module HC-05 and uses microcontroller AT89C2051. It is used to control the movements of hardware with the help of Bluetooth module. The testing shows that the developed model can clean the refuse.

Keywords: Robo Cleaner, autonomous robot, vacuum cleaner, Bluetooth module HC-05.

Title: Robo Cleaner

Author: Akash Saxena, Abhishek Gupta, Surbhi Saxena, Swati Upadhyay, Titiksh Soni, Sonu Chahar

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Energy audit is an important commercial tool to save energy and to improve financial state of an organization. Almost all the large scaled and many small scaled organizations like  industries as well as non-industrial sectors are conducting energy audit to save energy and to minimize the electricity cost.. There is a good scope of energy conservation in various sectors, via domestic, industry and agriculture. In the proceeding sections energy audit is briefly discussed. The energy conservation is cost effective with a short payback period and modest investment.

Keywords: Energy Efficiency, Audit, Figures, Tables, Results.

Title: Energy Audit of Sugar Mill Using Neural Networks

Author: Er. Parveen saini, Er. Jagdeep saini

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Different modules in a software are developed by different teams or team members in any software development firm; due to this, when the software is compiled, there are chances for different software errors commonly known as ‘bugs’ in the software. Thus, Software Testing plays very important role before releasing any software. Software testing is the process of thoroughly verifying the desired outputs for all the estimated input parameters that are defined by the software. For intended ECM (Engine Control Module) various inputs/outputs drivers like analog input, discrete input, frequency input, pulse width modulation input, etc. are tested working if they are as per core software defined. Before starting any test, we need to consider supply voltage, type of input, and current range, tolerance, etc. Manual testing is time consuming, monotonous, less reliable and non-programmable also it requires huge investment of human resource. So we switch to automated testing which is fast, most reliable, programmable in less intervention of human. Human errors are avoided in automated testing. For automated testing, we used software called LabVIEW, NI TestStand of NI (National Instrument). In which we have written a sequence which calls API’s (Application Program Interface) using windows script host (WSH). We generate test inputs using NI cards of Test bench and observe output using LabVIEW VI (Virtual Instrument File) or read value using WSH. Test bench used is NI PXI-1045 General purpose 18 slot. Our goal is to reduce human efforts and errors in software testing using Test Automation.

Keywords: Automated Software Testing, NI TestStand, LabVIEW.

Title: TEST SUITE DEVELOPMENT USING LABVIEW AND NI TESTSTAND FOR OS BASE SOFTWARE

Author: Ashwini. A. Pandit, Prof. P. B. Borole

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: This article discusses the communication links used in power system relay protection to exchange discrete signals generated by the dry contacts. It explains why fiber-optic communication links, traditionally deemed as absolutely immune to external electromagnetic impacts, are not adequate for high-power electromagnetic impacts. In order to improve the reliability and immunity to high-power electromagnetic impacts, especially to HEMP, in this article, it is suggested to use reed switch based high-voltage insulating interfaces (“gerkotrons”).

Keywords: High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP), Digital Protective Relays – DDR, Communication Link.

Title: High-Voltage Link for Transmitting Discrete Commands in Relay Protection, Automation and Control Systems

Author: Vladimir Gurevich

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Solar energy is an important renewable resource which is abundant in nature and free of running cost though its installation cost is higher. Trapped solar energy is used to run motors for different applications. Motors used for applications are DC motors, induction motors or Brushless dc (BLDC) motors of which BLDC motors are more advantageous. This paper deals with the utilization of a ZETA converter in solar PV array based water pumping as an intermediate DC-DC converter between a solar PV array and a voltage source inverter (VSI) in order to achieve the maximum efficiency of the solar PV array and the soft starting of the permanent magnet brushless DC (BLDC) motor by proper control. A Zeta converter is a fourth-order DC-DC converter made up of two inductors and two capacitors and capable of operating in either step-up or step-down mode. A BLDC motor is employed to drive a centrifugal type of water pump because its load characteristic is well matched to the maximum power locus of the PV generator. The transient, dynamic and steady state behaviors of the proposed solar PV array powered zeta converter fed BLDC motor driven water pumping system are evaluated under the rapid and slowly varying atmospheric conditions using the sim-power-system toolboxes of the MATLAB/Simulink environment.

Keywords: Brushless dc (BLDC) motor, zeta converter, solar PV array, voltage-source inverter (VSI), centrifugal pump, soft starting.

Title: Solar Water Pumping System Employing ZETA Converter and BLDC Motor

Author: SATHYA.M, Dr.C.GOVINDARAJU

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have become increasingly popular as solid-state lighting sources nowadays. DC-DC conversion has greater importance in LED driver circuit. DC-DC conversion can be reliably performed using LUO converter. It employs voltage lift technique so that output voltage is increased stage by stage. The LED driver could achieve nearly a unit power factor by operating the LUO circuit at discontinuous conduction mode. The voltage lift technique is a popular method that is widely applied in electronic circuit design. This technique gives a good way is improving circuit characteristic and has been successfully applied for DC-DC converter.  LUO converters are DC-DC step-up converter using only one switch. The major benefits of this proposed scheme is that it combines the advantages of the switched capacitor, voltage lift technique and the impedance network. MATLAB Simulink has been used to show existing and proposed system results.

Keywords: LUO converter, Voltage lift, Arduino Nano, UART.

Title: DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF LUO CONVERTER BASED LED DRIVER

Author: S. SUBASRI, Dr. C. GOVINDARAJU

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Protection of modern sensitive electronics used in power systems (Digital Protective Relays - DPR, control devices and microprocessor-based communication equipment, etc.) against High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP), and also protection of power transformers, is a vital task for today's world. The purpose of this article is to inform civilian specialists in power engineering, in a very simple, short, but illustrative form, about the means of protection of power substations which are now available for use.   

Keywords: High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP), Digital Protective Relays – DPR.

Title: Basic HEMP Protection Means for a Power Substation: A Quick Guide

Author: Vladimir Gurevich

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Automating the agricultural system is very useful for farmers as it would increase the productivity. If installed and programmed properly, automatic agricultural systems can save us money and help in water conservation. The main focus is to automate the agricultural practises for welfare of farmers and also to provide efficient irrigation in particular area. Our project involves the application of a semiautomatic rover for soil nutrition management as well as plant health management. This system involves the spraying of the fertilizers on a specific crop as per the pre-coded value. This potentially reduces the risk of depletion of nutrients of soil due to usage of fertilizers than required. It also involves of keeping a check on the plant health through continuous monitoring using a CCTV camera installed in the field with the simultaneous monitoring at a centre .This system employs the usage of image processing technique for identification of leaf colour and pattern. The system compares the colour and pattern with a pre stored image and indicates if a plant is healthy or not .This system also involves an efficient water drain management system by the usage of soil moisture sensors to effectively drain excess water from the field. Another feature of this proposed system is automating the irrigation process by employing automatic control of valve. This involves opening and closing of valve after the required amount of water has been discharged.

Keywords: CCTV, image processing, irrigation, semiautomatic rover, soil moisture sensors.

Title: Smart Nutrition Management Using Semi-Automatic Rover

Author: Krupa Shankar Subramani, PG Sandeep Menon

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Patients who have inabilities in movements will get a much better life by using electronic supports for their daily needs. The aim of this work is to implement wheel chair direction control with hand gesture reorganization. This paper proposes an integrated approach to real time detection, tracking and direction recognition of hands, which is intended to be used as a human-robot interaction interface for the intelligent wheelchair. This paper demonstrates that accelerometers can be used to effectively translate finger and hand gestures into computer interpreted signals. For gesture recognition the accelerometer data is calibrated and filtered. The accelerometers can measure the magnitude and direction of gravity in addition to movement induced acceleration. Design and development of motion controlled wheelchair has been achieved using accelerometer sensors and ATMEGA328 microcontroller. The system is implemented practically and works well. The ACCELEROMETER senses the change in direction and accordingly the signal is given to microcontroller. Depending on the direction of the Acceleration, microcontroller controls the wheel chair directions like LEFT, RIGHT, FRONT, and BACK with the aid of DC motors.

Keywords: accelerometer, ATMEGA328 microcontroller, DC motor, wheelchair, gesture.

Title: Automatic Wheelchair Using Accelerometer

Author: Ankit Vijayvargiya, Rahul Yadav, Rajsee Sharma, Rashmi Meena, Sachin Sharma, Santosh Kanwar Shahwar Ahmed Siddiqui

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: The study and implementation of home automation technology using Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) to control home appliances such as lighting loads, air conditional systems, and security systems via Short Message Service (SMS) is presented in this paper. The proposed research work is focused on functionality of the GSM protocol, which allows the user to control the target system away from residence using the frequency bandwidths. The concept of serial communication and ATmega-commands has been applied towards development of the smart GSM-based home automation system. Home owners will be able to receive feedback status of any home appliances under control whether switched on or off remotely from their mobile phones. Arduino with the integration of GSM module provides the smart automated house system. This system is intended to help and give help to satisfy the needs of the elderly and the handicapped at houses. Additionally, the idea of home automation system will improve the normal living status at houses. The fundamental control system uses GSM wireless communication for controlling home appliances. The system design does not remove the existing electrical switches and gives a safer control over the switches with low voltage usage technique. This system is designed to control electrical devices throughout the house with ease of installing it, ease of use and cost effective design and implement.

Keywords: Home Automation, Arduino, GSM, Automatic switching, SMS.

Title: GSM Based Home Automation System

Author: Yusuf Sharif, Abhishek Gupta, Rahul Patni, Rahul Sharma, Shashank Shrimali, Shilpi Singh Nirban

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

Research Publish Journals