Vol 7 Issue 2 October 2019-March 2020

Abstract: Sleep becomes one of the human biological needs. Healthy sleep is indicated with good quality and sufficient duration. Sleep deprivation occurs when someone had either bad sleep quality or insufficient sleep duration. Medical students are one of the population group which had a high risk to suffer from sleep deprivation. People with sleep deprivation have decreased focus level and awareness so the brain is troubled to receive information. Previous studies shown that sleep deprivation correlates with low-grade point average (GPA). This study aims to determine the relationship between sleep deprivation and academic performance among Medical Faculty students at Udayana University measured with a grade point average (GPA). This study was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional method and involved 70 respondents. Based on the results of the study, there is no significant relationship between sleep quality and GPA (p = 0.406) and there is no significant relationship between sleep duration and GPA (p = 0.253). It can be concluded that there is no correlation between sleep deprivation and college students’ academic performance in the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. 

Keywords: sleep, sleep quality, sleep duration, GPA.

Title: Correlation between Sleep Deprivation and Students Academic Performance in Faculty of Medicine Udayana University Measured by Grade Point Average (GPA)

Author: Nadya Imada, Kumara Tini, I Gusti Ngurah Ketut Budiarsa

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Common cold is an infectious disease of the respiratory tract often experienced by children. Common cold is mild and self-limited, but the management of it is frequently irrational. This study aims to review the pharmacotherapy patterns of common cold in children. This study was an observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Secondary type data collection through medical records of patients with a diagnosis of ARI or common cold with a total sample of 86 units. The most common symptoms are fever (80%), followed by cough (59%), runny nose (47%), headache (6%), and sore throat (5%). The dominant pharmacotherapy used was the analgesic-antipyretic group (79%), followed by the mucolytic group (48%). Other prescription drugs includes antibiotics (31%), corticosteroids (14%), decongestants (16%), and antihistamines (14%). There are uses of multivitamins (6%) and zinc (1%). The dominant antibiotic group used is penicillin (20%), followed by cephalosporins (9%) and macrolides (2%). The pharmacotherapy pattern of common cold patients in children in RSUD Klungkung Regency is considered quite good, but can still be improved.

Keywords: common cold, pharmacotherapy patterns, antibiotics, corticosteroids, analgesic-antipyretics.

Title: Pharmacotherapy Patterns of Common Cold Patients in Children at Regional Public Hospital of Klungkung Regency

Author: Xena Laveda, Ayu Setyorini Mestika Mayangsari, I Nyoman Budi Hartawan

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The prevalence of diarrhea in Indonesia is still quite high in pediatrics . World Health Organization (WHO) states that every year there are more than 1.5 million children under the age of 5 who die due to acute diarrhea. In 2015 the number of diarrhea cases found increased compared to 2014 which was 87,845 people, while diarrhea cases that occurred in Denpasar showed that diarrheal disease was still ranked 10th as a disease that often occurs. Methods : The method used in this research is descriptive research design with cross sectional . The sampling technique is done by using the consecutive sampling method where the research data is taken from the results of recording the inpatient register of pediatric diarrhea patients in the Children's Health Department of Sanglah Hospital. Results: As many as 85 samples were collected in which 2 samples were excluded because they did not meet the required variables, acute diarrhea was more common in boys (61.4%) than in girls , the age of patients with the most acute diarrhea was in the range of 0- 24 months (59%). The highest nutritional status is good nutritional status (50.6%), with the highest domicile of patients in Denpasar (61.4%). The most dehydrated status in patients is mild-moderate (65.0%), concomitant diseases associated with diarrhea of ​​the respiratory system. The most common cause of diarrhea is pathogens (80.7%) the length of stay of most 3-5 days (69.0%) with treatment is Zinc, Hipoosmolar Oralit, IVFD. The majority of patients returned home with improved treatment results (97.6%).

Keywords: Acute Diarrhea, Children, Characteristics.

Title: Characteristic of Patients Diarrhea Acute Children in General Hospital Center Sanglah Denpasar

Author: Wita Fitriyani, I Nyoman Budi Hartawan, I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Exposure to UV-B rays is one of the causes of premature skin aging known as photoaging. Many sources state that the use of antioxidants can reduce the effects of aging caused by UV-B exposure. This research aims to study the effect of using garlic extract, which is rich in antioxidants, on the thickness of the skin of wistar rats that exposed to UV-B rays. This study used 30 male wistar rat samples weighing 150-200 grams, extending 3-4 months. The sample grouping is done randomly and divided into 6 different groups which are K1 (control group), K2 (cream based), K3 (sunblock), K4 (5% extract single garlic cream), K5 (10% extract single garlic cream), and K6 (20% extract single garlic cream) , where irradiation is given for 3x every week with the same total dose of 840 mJ/cm2. The results showed a big difference between each group with means of K1 (966.182 μm), K2 (894.03 μm), K3 (900.16 μm), K4 (826.36 μm), K5 (784.12 μm), and K6 (757.83 μm). This shows that the administration of a single garlic cream extract (Allium sativum) is able to prevent thickening of the dermis of wistar rats that exposed to UV-B rays.

Keywords: photoaging, garlic extract, dermis thickness, UV-B light.

Title: THE EFFECT OF SINGLE GARLIC EXTRACT (ALLIUM SATIVUM) CREAM TO THE THICKNESS OF DERMIS OF THE MALE WISTAR RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) SKIN THAT EXPOSED WITH RAY ULTRAVIOLET-B

Author: Ester Priskila Sabatini, I Gusti Ayu Dewi Ratnayanti, I Gusti Kamasan Arijana, Ni Made Linawati

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is one of medical emergencies accounting for up to 100–170 cases per 100,000 population annually. This condition has a significant mortality rate ranging from 4 to 15% and this number remained unchanged for the past 30 years, despite the advanced diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. UGIB is one of the most dreadful complications commonly found in patiens with liver cirrhosis. Although UGIB in cirrhotic patients is mainly due to a ruptured varices, not a few number of cirrhotic patients bleed from other sources as well. This study aims to determine the prevalence and profile of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patients in Sanglah General Hospital year 2018. This research is a descriptive study using cross-sectional method with total sampling technique, then the data that met the inclusion criteria and did not meet the exclusion criteria were subjected to the study and then analyzed. The prevalence of SCBA bleeding in cirrhosis patients in Sanglah Hospital in the 2018 period was 44.9%. Of the 17 subjects who had UGIB, endoscopic findings of esophageal varices were found in 16 (94.1%) patients, while gastropathy portal hypertension (GHP) in 13 (76.47%) patients, gastric varices in 5 (29.4%) patients , erosive mucosal disease in 5 (29.4%) patients, and peptic ulcer disease in 2 (11.8%). There was 1 patient with normal endoscopic finding without any abnormalities (5.9%).

Keywords: upper gastrointestinal bleeding, liver cirrhosis, variceal bleeding, non-variceal bleeding.

Title: Prevalence and Profile of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Cirrhotic Patients in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, 2018

Author: Isadora Tiofunda Budiman, I Ketut Mariadi, Gde Somayana

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) or endocrine disease is a degenerative disease that is damage to pancreatic beta cell function and insulin resistance. There are several risk factors from diabetes mellitus Type 2 including age, age, sex, history of hypertension, nutritional status, smoking. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinant factors such as age, sex, historyof hypertension, nutritional status, smoking and physical activity with the relationship of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Sanglah General Hospital in 2018-2019. This research was conducted by descriptive method using cross sectional study. Samples were selected from secondary data, namely medical records based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data processing and analysis using SPSS software version 22. The results showed the determinant factor in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in Sanglah Central General Hospital Denpasar at the age of >65 years (35.8%), dominated by 77 female sex people (64.2%) and have a history of hypertension (69.1%), with nutritional status of fat (44.1), the majority do not have smoking status (53.3%). This finding is useful because it can provide insight into the deteminants of diabetes mellitus type 2 in patients treated at Sanglah Central General Hospital Denpasar, Bali. Further analytic research is needed to look for relationships between various characteristic variables.

Keywords: Factors Determinant, Diabetes Melitus Type 2.

Title: REPRESENTATION OF DETERMINANT FACTORS IN DIABETES MELITUS TYPE 2 PATIENTS IN SANGLAH GENERAL HOSPITAL, 2018-2019

Author: Pande Putu Sucahaya Pradhana, I Wayan Weta, Dyah Pradnyaparamita Duarsa, Gde Ngurah Indraguna Pinatih

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Malnutrition has been directly or indirectly responsible for 60% of the 10.9 million deaths each year among children under five. More than two-thirds of these deaths, which are often associated with inappropriate feeding practices, usuall occur during the first year of life. Below than 35% of babies worldwide are given breast milk exclusion during the first four months of life; complementary feeding often starts too early or too late, and nutritious food is inadequate and unsafe. One factor that can affect nutritional status is food intake. A person's nutritional status is a frame of the food they consume. Children aged 6-24 months receive adequate nutrition from breast milk and complementary feeding.

Method: this study used a cross-sectional approach that took place at the Abiansemal I Community Health Center. After calculating using the consecutive sampling formula, 46 samples were obtained. 46 samples that meet the inclusion criteria will be measured by the child's weight and height and fill in the questionnaire listed.

Results: Normal nutritional status mostly found in the proportion of home complementary feeding with the total of 38 people. Normal nutritrional status also found in the proportion of home breasteeding supplementary feeding with the total of 29 people. Proportion of giving the complementary feeding at the age of > 6 months, the result mostly normal nutrirional status with the total of 40 people. Proportion of giving the complementary feeding with 2-4 times a day will mostly turned out to be normal nutrinional status with the total of 33 people.

Conclusion: there is an insignificant relationship between the provision of complementary feeding for the first time and ongoing with the nutritional status of children aged 6-24 months. And there is a significant relationship between the time of administration and the frequency of complementary feeding administration with the nutritional status of children aged 6-24 months..

Keywords: complementary feeding, nutritional status, children.

Title: THE RELATIONSHIP OF COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF AGES 6 – 24 MONTH IN ABIANSEMAL I PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER

Author: Made Diyantini, I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha, Dyah Kanya Wati, Dewi Sutriani Mahalini

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Exclusive breastfeeding is one factor that helps decrease infant mortality rate. Exclusive breastfeeding gives baby a better immunity and nutrients needed for growth and development. The implementation of exclusive breastfeeding in Bali only reach 67.4% on the 1^st semester of 2018, meanwhile in Klungkung the number only reach 67.4% in 2018 and just 60.0% in Kamasan Village. This research was conducted to find out the characteristics of exclusive breastfeeding in Kamasan Village. This is a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The sample of this study is mother of child 6-59 months old. The data in this study is primary data taken with interview guided with a questionnaire. Of all 92 samples in the study, the number of implementation of exclusive breastfeeding reaches 58.7%. Implementation of exclusive breastfeeding on mothers with high degree of knowledge reaches 63.0% while only 58.3% on mothers with lesser degree. Implementation of exclusive breastfeeding on mothers with good family support reach 69.4% while only 20.0% on poor family support. The proportion of exclusive breastfeeding on mothers which gave early breastfeeding initiative reaches 83.9% while only 45.9% on mothers who don’t. It can be concluded that exclusive breastfeeding tends to be given more in mothers with higher degree of knowledge and on family with good support towards the implementation of exclusive breastfeeding. Mothers who did early breastfeeding initiative tends to give exclusive breastfeeding later on. The result of the study is hopefully implemented towards a better way to deal with the issues on improving the number of exclusive breastfeeding implementation.

Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, klungkung, mother.

Title: OVERVIEW OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AT KAMASAN VILLAGE IN THE WORKING AREA OF KLUNGKUNG I PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER

Author: Heni Kurniawati, Tommy Sutanto, Putu Cintya Denny Yuliatni

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: β-lactam antibiotics constitutes a extensive magnificence of antibiotic marketers that comprise β-lactam ring in their molecular shape these agents includes cephalosporins, monobactams, penicillins and carbapenems. these are the most extensively used antibiotics which act by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial mobile wall such interest ends in the lysis and demise of the micro organism. The declining effectiveness of antibiotics imposes potentially big fitness and financial burdens on societies. Quantifying the financial results of antibiotic resistance efficiently can help policy-makers and healthcare experts to set priorities, but figuring out the actual impact of antibiotic resistance on scientific consequences is a vital first step. In this newsletter, we overview and talk the contributions and obstacles of studies that estimate the ailment burden on account of antibiotic resistance and research that estimate the monetary burden of resistance. We additionally remember other elements which might be essential in a comprehensive technique to evaluating the economic burden of antibiotic resistance. because of the wide packages of those antibiotics bacteria have developed resistance mechanism in opposition to these antibiotics which is usually mediated via the enzymes β-lactamases, it hydrolyses β-lactam ring of the β-lactam antibiotics rendering it inactive. latest research have revealed that the combination of β-lactam antibiotics with β-lactamase inhibitors may be used to correctly triumph over the impact of β-lactamases. This overview mentioned the mechanism of β-lactam antibiotic hobby, the mechanisms of β-lactam antibiotic resistance and the way to triumph over the effect of the β-lactamases.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, attributable morbidity, mortality, economics, Beta-lactum, Beta-lactamases, Penicillin- Binding, protein, penicillin, Amp-gents.

Title: A review on β-lactam antibiotic drug resistance

Author: Mr. M Bharath kumar, Mrs G Rajeswari

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Epilepsy is considered able to affect the whole family because it requires different ways of adaption for each member of the family. Failure of family members to adapt to their children’s chronic disease can be considered as a risk factor for the development of psychopathology which refers to psychological distress and behavioral disorders that occur in children. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of epilepsy in children on the psychosocial condition of parents. This research uses descriptive method by collecting cross sectional data. Data were collected using a parental stress scale questionnaire through interviews with parents with children diagnosed with epilepsy. Research data were processed using SPSS software ver. 24. The number of research samples obtained was 40 respondents. Based on gender, the largest proportion is female which 23 respondents (57.5%). Based on the final results of the PSS score, the greatest proportion is parents with psychosocial undisturbed which is 31 respondents (77.5%). The proportion of respondents who experienced the most psychosocial disorders is 7 female respondents (30.4%). Further research needs to be done to find out what factors can influence or cannot influence the psychosocial parents.

Keywords: parents, children, epilepsy, impact, psychosocial.

Title: IMPACT OF PEDIATRIC EPILEPSY IN PARENTAL PSYCHOSOCIAL STATUS

Author: Luh Komang Trisa Ardia Pramesti, Dewi Sutriani Mahalini, Komang Ayu Witarini, Ayu Setyorini Mestika Mayangsari

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: ARI is the leading cause of death in children under five years old. ARI is belong to 10 diseases with highest incidence in Bali. The incidence of ARI in under-5-years-old child can be caused by various factors and one of them is smoking habit of parents. In Indonesia, the government estimates there are 1-2 parents who had the habit of smoking inside the house. The purpose of this study is to provide data on the characteristics of ARI in children smokers so that they can add insight to clinicians so that they can explain the dangers of smoking to ARI in children to parents. The research is observational descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The study used primary and secondary data from questionnaire and medical record of under-five-years-old patients with parental smoking habits in inpatient and outpatient care of Regional General Hospital of Klungkung, Bali, Indonesia. The data was collected in November to December 2019. Sex, age, frequency of ARI, severity of ARI, and type of ARI diagnosis was collected as data for the study. There were 41 children aged 3-59 months who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria to become research respondents. Most of their parents were moderate smoker. The results showed ARI in passive smoker children commonly occurred in male aged more than 1 years old. They mostly had recurrent episode and is treated in inpatient care (with severe ARI). The kind of diagnosis that usually found is pneumonia

Keywords: ARI, under-5-years-old children, children, parental smoking habits.

Title: Characteristic of Acute Respiratory Infection in Children with Parental Smoking Habits at Regional General Hospital of Klungkung Year 2019

Author: I Gusti Agung Angga Wijaya, Ayu Setyorini Mestika Mayangsari, I Nyoman Budi Hartawan, I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: This study aims to describe the characteristics of depression in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients that experience treatment in Sanglah Hospital Denpasar from August to October 2019. Data obtained and analyzed using a retrospective descriptive method using the Hamilton Depression Assessment Scale questionnaire to patients and medical records review. Variable constructs consisted of Age, Gender, Occupation, Location of the Lesion, Depression Scale Value, and Stroke Severity Scale (NIHSS). The results explained that there were 27 patients (52.9%) with depression levels from an acute non-hemorrhagic stroke. Based on age, a total of 8 patients (15.7%) in the 65-74 years age group experienced mild depression and four people (7.8%) in the 55-64 years age group experienced moderate depression. Based on Gender, there were 17 male patients (33.3%)  with mild depression and six people (11.8%) male patients with moderate depression. Based on workgroups, a total of 7 retired patients (13.7%) experienced mild depression and three retired patients (5.9%) with moderate depression. Based on the location of the lesions in the left hemisphere, there were 17 (33.3%) patients with mild depression and nine patients (17.6%) with moderate depression. This study produces recommendations for improving archival records and medical records through electronic file storage and the importance of further research on risk factors for depression to collect data that represents the population so that it can be used as a daily clinical guide.

Keywords: Depression, Stroke, non-hemorrhagic, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D).

Title: CHARACTERISTICS OF DEPRESSION IN NON-HEMORRHAGIC STROKE PATIENTS IN SANGLAH HOSPITAL, DENPASAR

Author: Lucky Mar Sahala Sianipar, Ida Ayu Sri Indrayani, Ida Bagus Kusuma Putra

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Pain is a daily problem in patient encountered by medical practitioner. Postoperative pain that is not managed properly can cause complications and prolonged rehabilitation. Acute uncontrolled pain has a relationship with the development of chronic pain and decreased quality of life. Good pain management is very crucial for pain patients especially in post-operative patients. This study aims to determine the characteristics of pain management by Acute Pain Service team in postoperative patients at Sanglah General Hospital from January to March 2019. This study used a descriptive cross-sectional method. The data used is secondary data from Sanglah General Hospital Acute Pain Service recap. 979 of total study sample divided into 12 surgery departments. From this study, we found that the patients who performed the most surgery were 168 orthopaedic surgery patients. Analgesic administration techniques used were IV syringe pump (76.3%), epidural (17.7%), oral (3.3%), intermittent bolus (1.9%), PCA (0.7%), and PNB (0.2%). The most widely used type of medication is a combination of fentanyl and paracetamol in each surgical department.

Keywords: pain, analgesic administration techniques, type of medication, Sanglah General Hospital.

Title: CHARACTERISTICS OF PAIN MANAGEMENT BY ACUTE PAIN SERVICE IN POST-OPERATIVE PATIENTS AT SANGLAH GENERAL HOSPITAL FROM JANUARY TO MARCH 2019

Author: Kurnia Dyah Oktavia Putri, IGAG Utara Hartawan, Dewa Ayu Mas Shintya Dewi, IGN Mahaalit Aribawa

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) complaints are one of the problems that often occur to workers that disrupt worker’s productivity. There are few factors that caused WMSD, it can either occur because of work environment factors or factors from the workers themselves. The purpose of this study is to determine the ergonomic risk factors that cause WMSD on computer operator employees at the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University.

This research was conducted in the Faculty of Medicine Udayana University from May to November 2019. The research method was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were 230 people, with a total sample of 115 people. This research uses REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. The results of the study indicate that there is a risk factor affects the occurrence of WMSD on computer operator employees, which is by awkward postures, duration, frequency and the existence of repetition at work, psychosocial stress and external or physical loads. From the results of the study, more employees experienced pain in the neck and lower back.

Keywords: WMSD, ergonomic risk factors, computer operator officer, low back pain, neck pain.

Title: IDENTIFICATION OF ERGONOMIC RISK FACTORS FOR WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS (WMSDS) AMONG COMPUTER OPERATOR OFFICERS IN FACULTY OF MEDICINE UDAYANA UNIVERSITY

Author: Zakirah Fashihana Husna Binti Adnan, I Made Muliarta, I Putu Gede Adiatmika

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is is defined as the persistent inability to achieve or maintain an erection adequate for satisfactory sexual activity. ED can be included as one of the causes for low quality in life of adult men. There are many etiologies and risk factors of ED, one of them is obesity. The purpose of this research is to find the relation between obesity and erectile dysfunction among adult men in Denpasar. This research has been done at Poly Sexology in SMC Sudirman Medical Center, Denpasar, Bali from the month of May till November 2019. Type of research design used is analytical with cross sectional method from the primary data. Samples for this research is adult men in Denpasar within the age of 25-49 years old is calculated by using consequctive sampling and has been decided to take 55 samples according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result from this research is done by using chi square and the p values = 0.005 and 95%CI (1,167-4,373) which shows there is significant correlation between obesity and erectile dysfunction.

Keywords: Erectile dysfunction (ED), overweight, obesity, adult men.

Title: Relation between Obesity and Erectile Dysfunction among Adult Men in a Clinic in Denpasar

Author: Latha Ghanesan, Made Oka Negara, Muliani, I Gusti Ngurah Pramesemara

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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