Vol 6 Issue 2 April 2018-June 2018

Abstract: Direct Interfacial Polycondensation of various aromatic diols viz. Bisphenol-A (BPA), 1,5 Naphthalene diol (1,5 N), 2,7 – Naphthalene diol (2,7 N) and 4,4’ – Dihydroxy biphenyl (4,4’ B), Hydroquinone (1,4 – dihydroxy benzene) (Q), Resorcinol (1,3–dihydroxy benzene) (R), Phenolphthalein (P) with Dimer acid (DA) was carried out using phase transfer catalyst (PTC): Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide [CTAB]. Chloroform and water were used in immiscible phase system and acetone and water in miscible phase system. The byproduced water remained in the system in all the cases. The difference in the extent of polymerization of different aromatic diol may be due to the differences in the solubilities of the adduct with phenoxide in organic phase. A parallel study under same experimental condition was performed with Disodium salt of Dimer Acid [DSDA] to confirm the formation of Oligoester under these conditions which were confirmed by IR spectroscopy. The study of [ƞ] intrinsic viscosity was reported to confirm polyesterification.

Keywords: Interfacial Polycondensation, Aromatic Diols, Phase Transfer Catalyst (CTAB), Dimer Acid.

Title: Interfacial Polycondensation of Castor Oil Based Dimer Acid and Aromatic Diols

Author: Kanchan Khare

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Aliphatic – Aromatic Oligomeric polyester namely, poly (2,2’-isopropylidene-diphenylene, 4,4’-dimerate) [BPADA] was synthesized from Bisphenol-A[BPA] and Dimer acid [DA] derived from Castor oil by melt condensation under various atmospheric condition and its degree of polymerization (DP) ̅ and acid number were studied in order to report the affect of atmospheric conditions on its molecular weight. The Oligoester formation was characterized by IR spectroscopy.

Keywords: Aliphatic – Aromatic Oligomeric Polyester, Dimer Acid, Bisphenol-A, Acid Number, Degree of Polymerization.

Title: Castor Oil Based Polyester by Melt Condensation Process

Author: Kanchan Khare

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Though different countries have different health care systems, primary health care is the first level of health services to the community that plays an important role in global health care scenario. Primary health care system is imperative for the wellbeing of the people and development in any country. Among the states in India, Kerala made significant achievements in the field of primary health care services and the health model of Kerala also got worldwide acclaim and acceptance. Therefore, this chapter makes an attempt to depict the progress of primary health care system in Kerala over the years. A comparison of the Primary health care system of India and Kerala is attempted on the basis of the growth of health centres, average rural population served by these centres, number of doctors, health assistants and health workers; and the primary health care services being rendered to the people.

Keywords: Primary health care system, Community health centres, Primary health  centres,  Sub centres.

Title: Growth of Primary Health Care System in Kerala- A comparison with India

Author: Dr. Suby Elizabeth Oommen

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Mites are reported from all the habitats around the globe. Mites are important pest of agricultural and stored food products.  A great number of stored grains, dried fruits, various farinaceous products and stored food are often attacked by various types of mites. A study was under taken to know the mites associated with stored food products from Patiala district from Aril 2017 to March 2018. The samples were collected in three seasons i.e. summer, Rainy and winter. 60 % (36samples) of the samples contained mites and 14 mite taxa were identified, belonging to 7 families in 3 orders.

Keywords: Stored food products, Mites, Acaridae and Allergy.

Title: A REPORT ON SEASONAL ABUNDANCE OF MITE FAUNA INFESTING STORED FOOD PRODUCTS OF DISTRICT PATIALA (PUNJAB)

Author: Navpreet Kaur Gill, Parminder Singh Dehar

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: There are calls for enhancing present healthcare sectors when it comes to handling huge data size of patients’ records. The huge files contain lots of duplicate copies. Therefore, the ideal of compression comes into play. Image data compression removes redundant copies (multiple unnecessary copies) that increase the storage space and transmission bandwidth. Image data compression is pivotal as it helps reduce image file size and speeds up file transmission rate over the internet through multiple wavelet analytics methods without loss in the transmitted medical image data. Therefore this report presents data compression implementation for healthcare systems using a proposed scheme of discrete wavelet transform (DWT), with capacity of compressing and recovering medical image data without data loss. Healthcare images such as those of human heart and brain need fast transmission for reliable and efficient result. Using DWT which has optimal reconstruction quality greatly improves compression.

Keywords:  Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Image Compression Medical Image.

Title: Application of Discrete Wavelet Transform for Compressing Medical Image

Author: Ibrahim Abdulai Sawaneh, Joshua Hamid Koroma, Abu Koroma

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The present examination was planned to comprehend the phytochemical screenings of the methanol extract of marine red alga Botryocladia leptopoda. The methanol extract of B. leptopoda demonstrated the nearness of steroids, anthroquinones, alkaloids, triterpenoids, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols and tannins. In this way, B. leptopoda has significant lots of primary and secondary phytochemicals. Among the phytochemical contents the triterpenoids and glycosides are available in higher amounts. The present study on B. leptopoda exhibited various novel phytochemical, which can exploit and used for human well beings.

Keywords: Marine algae, Botryocladia leptopoda, Phytochemicals, Phenols.

Title: Phytochemical screening of marine red alga Botryocladia leptopoda (J.Agardh) Kylin

Author: Gajalakshmi, D, Shettu, N, Murugesan, S

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Depression is a common disorder which is characterized by severe symptoms that leads to the damage of important social role. Most prominent age group that is struck by depression is the 10-19 years group normally designated as adolescent age group. Adolescents go through a transition from childhood to adulthood and this transitional phase of life has certain characteristics, such as rebelliousness, aggression, impulsivity and insecurity. Psychological behavior of adolescents changes not only because of physical and biological changes but also due to the new behaviors of adults, who treat them as if they were adults and children at the same time. Studies report that one in five children has evidence of mental problems, such as anxiety and depression, and the expected trend of proportion is likely to be increasing. This poses a major concern considering the adolescent age group forms the future of any nation. Hence there is the need to understand the factors that leads to depression among the adolescent age group and also the effects of these factors.

In this paper, the prominent factors that lead an adolescent into depression were identified through unstructured interviews, discussion with medical practitioners and from published literature. An evaluation of these factors was undertaken using a designed questionnaire with an intention to study cause and effects of depression among the adolescent age group. The responses were analyzed and the observations from the analysis are presented in this paper. It’s observed that majority of the respondents showed some form of depression and this is a matter of concern as this age group is the future of the nation. Several depression factors were identified which affected the adolescents, that needs to be timely addressed.

Keywords: Depression, adolescent, aggression, factors, responses.

Title: Factors Causing Depression among Adolescents: A Qualitative Evaluation

Author: Mridula B., Dr.K. Sunil Kumar

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Blue Ocean Strategy ranks amongst the most defining work put out in Strategic Management. The applications are industry agnostic and have a far reaching impact. Researchers of blue ocean strategy are convinced that the only way to win the competition is stop trying to win the competition! Instead of entering into a bloody competition of the Red Ocean, enter the infinite market space of the Blue Ocean and try to create new demands. The application of this master work in the education industry is explained here with particular reference to the management education in the city of Mumbai. The authors have personally experienced the strategic development of this from the conceptual stage and have seen the application and refining of the concept in successfully establishing and growing a Business School. The strategy canvas using the ERRC Model proposed by Blue Ocean Strategy exponents was used in designing the model of FABS - Fazlani Altius Business School. It graphically captures, in one simple picture, the current strategic landscape and the future prospects for an organization. Having established the said Business School, the authors believe that the immense potential in such a model needs to be explored and size of the Blue Ocean can be increased manifold. FABS has now acquired an image of an institute that works in myriad different ways to improve the student across all facets and delivers value.

Keywords: Blue Ocean, Red Ocean, FABS, ERRC Model.

Title: Creating an Educational Blue Ocean: The adaptations from theory to practice in creating a Business School in Mumbai

Author: Ashfaq Ul Ahad, Dr. Shivakant Upadhyaya

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The reason for geotechnical site investigation is to prepare a model of the geotechnical frame of reference and interpolations during planning of a project. The model is then used to dissect the undertaking and to settle on venture choices. Geographic Information System (GIS) is extensively used in geotechnical engineering in many different ways.  GIS can be utilized as a part of geotechnical site investigation to create a site portrait. In preliminary geotechnical site assessments, GIS can be used for information coordination, information perception and investigation, arranging and condensing site exercises and information introduction. GIS helps in incorporation of previous informational data with project specific information. The coordinated information can be used, to locate the points of data information, hence making the site description. GIS can likewise be utilized to make maps, graphs and figures for further reference to be utilized by project planner. This paper presents the investigation of geotechnical data using GIS. A relevant investigation of Bathinda District of Punjab (India) is discussed in this paper. In this investigation, geotechnical data is analyzed in GIS format. Various maps, graphs and figures are developed based on engineering properties of soil. The paper gives emphasis on different type of soil encountered during soil exploration. Statistical tables and ArcGIS zonation maps based on soil type are presented. Thus, this data is speedily available and can be suggestive and valuable for Engineers and Planners.

Keywords: Geotechnical, Data, Soil, ArcGIS, Zonation maps.

Title: GEOTECHNICAL DATA ANALYSIS USING GIS: A CASE STUDY

Author: Parveen Chander, Dr. Rajiv Chauhan, Dr. Rajesh Kumar

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Relativistic oscillations are realized in Laboratory using intense ultrashort laser interacting with solid and nanostructure targets. Their study reveals various interesting aspects of laser plasma coupling at extremely high intensities. Conventional understanding shows that light goes beyond the critical density (nc)  due to relativistic mass effect the plasma transparency is enhanced and light goes up to γ(t)nc. We find the transparency may be quite different and light may go up to γ3(t)nc due to nonlinear resonance. It is further shown that non linear resonance in intense laser cluster and nanoparticle interaction is dynamically met due to time varying mass. This results in anomalous resonance densities which is different than the conventional value of resonance density of 3 nc and 2nc of spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles. Resonance are related to the time dependent Lorentz factor γ(t) which must be evaluated numerically in realistic situations. However we obtain its approximate variation in different ways to see its effect in modifying the resonance density. For this the analogy of variable mass oscillators is borrowed which are not just for pedagogical interest but their study is relevant to understanding the complex phenomenon of relativistic oscillations. Based on the understanding of variable mass oscillators it is noted that time varying mass acts as an effective damping which increases the resonance density. This analytical study will give meaningful insight to help in choosing the nanostructure oscillators /targets and intense laser parameters to achieve resonance at high density and consequently efficient hot electron, ion and x-ray generation.

Keywords: Ultrashort Lasers, Laser Plasma Interaction, Relativistic Oscillator, Driven Oscillators, Nanostructures, Gas Clusters, Non linear interaction, Damping in light matter interaction, Linear and non linear resonance.

Title: Anomalous Resonances and Relativistic Transparency for Ultra-high Intensity Laser Plasmas

Author: Uday Chakravarty

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Novel cross linked Biopolyurethane were synthesized from naturally occurring soyabean oil. Polyurethane was prepared by Epoxidation followed by the formation of Polyol by thermal hydrolysis at high temperature for five hours. The formed polyol was converted into polyurethane by the addition of hexamethylene diisocyanate at different concentration. The cross linked novel biopolyurethane were evaluated by FTIR and NMR studies. The biodegradation of the formed polymer were evaluated by soil biurial test. The Chemical resistance of the crosslinked polyurethane were analysed by different solvents. As a result of these studies it shows that the newly synthesised Polyurethane was potentially biodegradable and used for the manufacture of leather and automobile parts.

Keywords: Biurial test, epoxidation, biodegradable.

Title: Synthesis and Characterisation of Novel Crosslinked Biopolyurethane from Soyabean oil as ecofriendly Biodegradable Material

Author: M.L.Ginju, Dr. S. Begila David

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The present investigation discuss the fuzzy availability of a polytube industry with general distribution. A polytube industry consists of four sub-systems such as- Mixture, Extruder, Die and Cutter. These subsystems are working in series. In subsystems Die and Cutter, one unit is operative and another unit is kept as cold standby. Trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are used to find out the availability of the polytube industry. Numerical results for fuzzy availability are obtained by considering exponential, Rayleigh and Weibull distributions by using Mehar’s method.

Keywords: Fuzzy availability, Polytube industry, Trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, General distribution.

Title: Fuzzy Availability Analysis of Polytube Industry with General Distribution

Author: Meenu Goel, Shiv Narain

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Stored products get heavily infested with Fusarium species, if poorly managed after harvesting. These are considered as pre-harvest fungi. These fungi produce mycotoxins. Poor post-harvest management of stored products cause these fungi continue to grow and hence, the stored products become heavily populated with them. Such stored products infested with heavily populations of Fusarium species and their produced mycotoxins as well as occasional association of various mite species with them deteriorates the quality of such stored products. Such products become unfit for eating.  Since mites are adapted to diverse feeding habits due to an evolutionary plasticity. So, some mites are exclusively while others are inclusively fungivorous. So, mites feeding on fungi, interact with both fungi and their mycotoxins, so are adapted to live in the presence of mycotoxins. Mite species, well adapted to feed on fungi species and in turn causing the dissemination of fungal spores, are having a mutualistic relationship with fungi. Both together enhance the occurrence and abundance of each other’s populations in a synergistic and cooperative way. In this study, a total of 60 samples of various stored products collected and investigated were only those samples already infested with Fusarium species. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the differential occurrence and abundance of populations of three Astigmatid mite species (Acarus siro, Lepidoglyphus destructor and Tyrophagus putrescentiae) in stored product samples infested with Fusarium species. Among the three Astigmatid mite species studied, only the Tyrophagous putrescentiae was found to be associated with all ten species of Fusarium infested samples, followed by Acarus siro with six and Lepidoglyphus destructor with two Fusarium species. The ten species of Fusarium were categorized according to their suitability/association effect on the occurrence and abundance of three astigmatid mite populations as: (1) Highly suitable (F. oxysporum, F. verticilloides (2) Suitable (F. culmorum, F. solani and F. avenaceum) and (3) Lowly suitable (F. subglutinas, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. graminearum).

Keywords: Fusarium; Astigmatid mites; Grain; Storage; Feeding.

Title: Occurrence and Abundance of Populations of Three Astigmatid Mite Species In Stored Products Infested With Fusarium Species

Author: Navpreet Kaur Gill, Mohd Yousuf Paray, Parminder Singh Dehar

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: This paper is intended to interpret the relationship between mutual fund returns to their respective benchmark returns. For this purpose, top performing nine Indian equity mutual funds have been considered and data was collected for the duration of 10 years from 2008 to 2017. Simple linear Regression is used to understand the performance of mutual funds against their benchmark. There is sizable deviation of the mutual fund performance against their benchmark, especially in mid-cap segment.

Keywords: Mutual funds, benchmarks, deviation from benchmark, returns, regression, time series.

Title: SEBI Asks Mutual Funds To Rename Their Schemes; Do Mutual Funds Follow Their Benchmarks?

Author: Melissa Pereira, Dr. Abhishek Sachan

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Increasing population and economic development are derogating the environment. In the modern era uncontrolled growth of urbanization and industrialization, more and more intensive cultivation and the destruction of natural habitats are the results of unsustainable development.  Due to rapid growth in population, environment policy makers are facing the challenges of sustained development without environmental degradation. Land degradation has become a big challenge before environmentalists.  It is a concept, which has no single accessible-distinguishable feature, but instead describes how one or more of the land resources (soil, water, vegetation, rocks, air, climate, relief) has changed for the worse. Increasing trend in land degradation may pose serious threats to food production, environment, and health. For sustainable developments, appropriate policies are required to encourage land-improving investments and better land management in developing countries to meet the sustainable food needs of their populations. Rapid population growth and poverty are adversely affecting the environment of all over the world. Increasing population and levels of consumption per capita in the 21st century are the main cause of depletion of natural resources and degrading the environment. The main objective of this paper is to review the conditions and current problem of land degradation in Punjab, an agricultural state of India.

Keywords: Degradation, below ground level, Metric Tonne, Hectares, Glasod.

Title: Land Degradation in the Developing World: A Case Study of Land Degradation in Punjab

Author: Dr. Naresh Kumar Batish

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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