Vol 8 Issue 2 April 2020-June 2020

Abstract: Mutual Fund is an investment mode through which the investment companies pool off the savings from the common people and invest in a diversified portfolio of securities including equity, bonds, debentures and other instruments, thus spreading and reducing the risk. . The object is to maximize return to the investor who participates in equity or any other type of securities indirectly through mutual funds. We see almost all the leading institutions have different types of mutual funds in the market. There are several types of investments operating by different types of institutions where people can invest. Mutual fund investment is gaining popularity in present era. However, the investors have different values and perceptions on different institutions offering mutual fund schemes. In the mind of every common man, investing in mutual funds is riskier. This sentiment of investors will collapse the investments in secondary market. For wiping off the wrong feeling from general customers mind, there is a need to create awareness among the general public. So, an attempt has been made in this paper to study about investor’s attitude and opinion towards Mutual Fund of Tinsukia Town.

Keywords: Mutual Fund, Investment, Attitude, Investors, Return.

Title: Investor’s attitude towards Mutual Fund: An analytical Study of Tinsukia Town, Assam

Author: Anjumoni Kotoki

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Gangetic Dolphin once found in teeming numbers in the Ganges and its tributaries is now fighting a battle for survival. It is the most threatened cetacean and among the world's most threatened mammals. The Government of India has declared Gangetic Dolphin as the National Aquatic Animal but threats in the form of poaching, rising pollution in the rivers and obstruction in the flow of rivers due to the construction of a series of dams, barrages etc. still exist. Dolphins keep a watch on the state of freshwater. The worrying decline in the population of Gangetic Dolphins (Platanista Gangetica) signals a decline in freshwater for all. Captive breeding is not possible for Gangetic Dolphins so concerted efforts should be made not only to reduce river pollution and to ensure adequate river flow to maintain health of the Ganges and its tributaries but also to involve people in the conservation efforts by making them stakeholders in the conservation campaign.

Keywords: Gangetic dolphin, Threatened mammal, Poaching, River pollution, Conservation efforts.

Title: Environmental Impact on Freshwater Ecosystem: A Case Study of Gangetic Dolphin

Author: Dr. Parul Rana

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Sanjeevni hospital despite being in a remote area of District Sonbhadra, Uttar Pradesh acquired a good place in preventing Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Following all the preventive measures and from all the manual approaches like setting-up necessary infrastructure , distribution of masks, spreading awareness, proper medical check-ups to technical approaches like initializing online hospital management software for virtual doctor consultancy in order to provide minimal hospital visits to employees and patients,  Sanjeevni hospital developed an organized strategy for fighting against  corona virus disease.

Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Influenza, Control, Prevention, Awareness.

Title: SAGA OF SANJEEVANI IN FIGHTING COVID -19

Author: Dr Vertika Kulshrestha, Dr S.K. Khare, Mr V. Shiva Prasad

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The Dar es Salaam City has been growing at a rapid pace which surpasses the capacity of the City’s local government authority for urban planning and development as a result of expansion of informal, unplanned settlements with inadequate infrastructure and services. Moreover, the Local government authority lacks adequate understanding of the trend of the rapid urban spatial growth with time, which results into little understanding of the rate and extent of the spatial growth due to the complex driving factors. This growth of the urban area affects land cover, hydrology, geochemistry, biodiversity and the socio-economic setup of the City. Understanding the occurrence of urban growth in space and time is very challenging. Thus, due to the complex interactions between humans and the environment, an Urban Growth Prediction Model (UGM) was developed using environmental factors to forecast urban growth by employing Geographical Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The predictive ability of the developed Neural Network model was examined through model accuracy assessment techniques particularly Percentage Correct Match Metric (PCM) and urban growth dispersion metric. A comparison was carried between the actual land cover of 2011 and the simulated land cover of 2011, where the PCM estimate was 67.98%. The study findings show that the model predictive capability is sufficient to be used to forecast the future spatial urban growth. Thus, the proposed ANN Model results may be applied to urban planning practice and urban policy development.

Keywords: Artificial Neural Network, Informal Settlement, Geographical Information System, Remote Sensing, Urban Growth.

Title: Spatial-Temporal Modelling for effective prediction of Spatial Urban growth using Artificial Neural Network: Case Study- Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania

Author: Joseph Hayola, Rigobert Francis Buberwa, Beatrice Tarimo

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Secularism is where everyone enjoys the entire religious freedom. The government also can't put a pressure on anyone to just follow a particular religion/faith. We got to know about the Article 25 and Article 26 given under Indian Constitution. In a secular state we should ensure that no community tries to dominate over the other community. We should also ensure that the basic freedom of religion should not be taken away from anyone or force a religion on them. The term secularism comes under the 42nd Amendment of the constitution and it's also known as mini constitution. This study questioned whether there is an Action of Affirmation or Reverse Discrimination. There are many instances where India is sometimes a secular state, and sometimes it is not secular. I conclude that sometimes in the name of secularism the reverse discrimination happens with the majority community.

Keywords: Secularism, religious freedom, majority community.

Title: Secularism in India

Author: Nieharika Sharma

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: This research paper mainly focuses on the impact of Covid-19 over the lives of the students.  Four things happened for students worldwide.

(i)    Schools and Colleges were closed overnight.

(ii)   Classes were suspended virtually indefinitely affecting the session as Covid is here to stay for some time.

(iii)  E learning was always there, but never as a surprise and at such a large scale and in such a short time. The physical classes and teaching had to be shifted online.

(iv) Students and teachers were compelled to immediately, adapt to technology, to save continuity of the academic session.

How has it impacted their study and possibly the performance and what do they think of it?

Co students and friends from other groups were interviewed telephonically and response obtained on suggested questionnaire. Other available data and information emerging online in recent days from the internet was also used.

This paper chiefly focuses on a comparative position between the normal classes and online study and analyses the student experience. Can online classes closely substitute the actual classes in the physical setting of the college in the current scenario? Will the annual performance of students be affected this year?

Results appear to suggest that overnight adaptation to online teaching has its limitations and students are worried that their annual performances will take a hit.

Title: Impact on Students due to suspension of College because of Covid-19 Physical Classes Vs Online Study- A comparison

Author: Medha Pushkarna

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: A simple, rapid, economical, precise and accurate HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of Dolutegravir, Emtricitabin And Tenofovir Alafenamide in their combined dosage form has been developed.

A indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of Dolutegravir, Emtricitabin And Tenofovir Alafenamide in their combined dosage form. The separation was achieved by C18 (250mm x 4.6 mm i.d.,5µm) column and Buffer (pH 5.0): Methanol  (50:50) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Detection was carried out at 263 nm. Retention time 4.653 min, 5.603 min and 11.083 min for Dolutegravir, Emtricitabine And Tenofovir Alafenamide respectively. The method has been validated forlinearit y, accuracy and precision. Linearity observed for Dolutegravir 5-15 μg/ml, Emtricitabine 20-60 μg/ml and for Tenofovir Alafenamide 2.5-7.5 μg/ml. Developed method was found to be accurate, precise and rapid for simultaneous estimation of Dolutegravir, Emtricitabine And Tenofovir Alafenamide in their combined dosageform. The proposed method was successfully applied for the simultaneous estimation of both the drugs in commercial Combined dosageform.

The drug was subjected to stress condition of hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis and Thermal degradation, Considerable Degradation was found in Thermal degradation. The proposed method was successfully applied for the simultaneous estimation of both the drugs in commercial Combined dosage form.

Keywords: Dolutegravir, Emtricitabin And Tenofovir Alafenamide simultaneous estimation, HPLC Method, validation.

Title: ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF DOLUTEGRAVIR, EMTRICITABINE AND TENOFOVIR ALAFENAMIDE BY HPLC IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

Author: Ms. Maitri Jayantibhai Patel, Sharda

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The Indian Government made timely efforts to mitigate the economic risks of Covid-19 with necessary financial and policy measures .The three major contributors to GDP namely private consumption, investment, and external trade have been affected due to lockdown.

Keywords: Challenges, COVID-19, Indian Economy.

Title: CHALLENGES OF COVID-19 FOR INDIAN ECONOMY

Author: Prof. B. B. Mansuri

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Thiruvananthapuram, the capital of Kerala is blessed with abundant natural beauty. It is flanked by the Western Ghats on one side and the Arabian Sea on the other. It is one of the top international tourism destinations in India. Thiruvananthapuram has also got good healthcare infrastructure. But it is not among the top 5 healthcare tourism destinations in India. Thiruvananthapuram is also home to the oldest and largest software technology park in India. By tapping into the local IT ecosystem, Healthcare Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram can leverage technological advancements to improve its standing. This paper looks at two ICT developments – Social Media and Big Data Analytics, that can be utilized for marketing Thiruvananthapuram as a Healthcare destination and to continuously improve its prospects.

Keywords: Social Media, Big Data, Analytics, Thiruvananthapuram, Medical Tourism.

Title: Social Media and Big Data for Marketing Medical Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram

Author: Sankar S., Dr R. Kannan

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The concept of intuitionistic fuzzy sets was introduced by Atanassov as a generalization of fuzzy sets. In 1997 Coker introduced the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces. In 2008, Thakur and Chaturvedi introduced the notion of intuitionistic fuzzy generalized closed set in intuitionistic fuzzy topological space. After that different mathematicians worked and studied in different forms of intuitionistic fuzzy g-closed set and related topological properties. The aim of this paper is to introduce the new class of intuitionistic fuzzy closed sets called intuitionistic fuzzy g*s- closed sets in intuitionistic fuzzy topological space. The class of all intuitionistic fuzzy   g*s--closed sets lies between the class of all intuitionistic fuzzy semi-closed sets and class of all intuitionistic fuzzy gspr-closed sets. We also introduce the concepts of intuitionistic fuzzy g*s-- open sets, intuitionistic fuzzy   g*s-continuous mappings, intuitionistic fuzzy T*s -space, intuitionistic fuzzy T**s -space and intuitionistic  fuzzy ^*Ts space in intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces.

Keywords: Intuitionistic fuzzy g*s-closed sets, Intuitionistic fuzzy   g*s-open sets, Intuitionistic fuzzy g*s continuous mappings, intuitionistic fuzzy T*s -space , and intuitionistic fuzzy T**s –space.

Title: INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY G*S-CLOSED SETS

Author: Jyoti Pandey Bajpai, S.S.Thakur

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Effect of desertification in Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the challenges affecting the region and has produced a lot of damages to its socio-economic activities. It can be seen in crop failures, livestock mortality and drought leading low economic output.  The research attempts to evaluate the level of desertification in Yunusari Local Government Area. Satellites imageries with temporal and synoptic view were used in the assessment of desertification using supervised classification by maximum likelihood technique. Imageries from 1988 to 2018 at interval of ten years (10) were used. Early warning to the appropriate beneficiaries will strengthen capacity and increasing resiliency in disaster risk reduction and mitigation process. The findings in this research identified decrease healthy vegetation, increase arid land and increase dunes area coverage. This indicates desertification in the study area has increased, 41.215km² of land areas covered by healthy was lost between 1988 and 2018, while arid land areas and dune fields increased from 398.113km² in 1988 to 439.328km² in 2018.

Keywords: Desertification, monitoring and mitigation.

Title: Monitoring and Assessment of Desertification for Sustainable Development in Yunusari

Author: Ayuba Abubakar Fusami, Abubakar Abdulgaffar A., Hassan Hashimu Abdu, Abubakar Muhammad Yarima

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The association between demographic characteristics and Job Satisfaction Scores (JSS) was examined among 240 hospital staff. The population sample consisted of men and women, between the ages of 18 to 60 randomly selected from four different hospitals within the Southern region of the United States. The study was a descriptive correlational study guided by a positivist paradigm. Data was collected using the Spector (1997) Job Satisfaction Scale and a demographic survey designed by the researcher. Data analysis was enabled by SPSS 25 to identify any association Total Job Satisfaction and demographic characteristics among hospital staff.  Differences among staff in relation to job satisfaction facets based on demographic characteristics was also examined. Results of the Spearman Rank-Order Correlation revealed a significant negative correlation between age and Total Job satisfaction (TS); and generational categories and (TS) [1 – tailed]. However, a similar [2 – tailed] test failed to reveal any significant relationship among the variables. A post-hoc Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test of independent samples failed to reveal a significant difference between demographic characteristics and (TS), and individual JSS facets. Further investigation into clinical and nonclinical staff yielded similar results.

Keywords:  Staff, Job Satisfaction, Demographic Characteristics, Clinical, Nonclinical, Generational Categories.

Title: The Association between Demographic Characteristics and Job Satisfaction among Hospital Staff

Author: Dr. David Augustine Bull

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: The SACCO industry has over time become vital in Kenya. This sector is a key player in the nation as it controls around 43 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). However, the lack of proper direction, control and accountability by the directors and management in SACCOS to the principal shareholders, exposes them to irregularities. This therefore has brought the need to investigate corporate governance effect on the performance of selected SACCOs in Nairobi City County, Kenya which was the general objective of the study. The specific objectives were to establish the effect of size of the board, board composition, gender balance of the board members and board members qualification on SACCO performance in Nairobi, Kenya. The study was underpinned stakeholders’ theory and agency theory. The focused on six selected SACCOs in Nairobi City County based on a sample of fifty eight respondents. The result from the regression analysis showed that the board composition and board size were significant in predicting the performance of SACCOs at 0.05 level of significance with p values of 0.009 and 0.31 accordingly. However the board members’ education and gender diversity were not significant in predicting the performance of SACCOs with p values of 0.150 and 0.178 respectively. This study thus suggests that SACCOs should put much emphasis on a lean board size and ensure that the composition of the board takes into consideration the professional and knowledge diversity of the board members.

Keywords: Corporate Governance, Board Composition, Board Size, Board Members’ Qualification, Gender Diversity and Performance.

Title: CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED SAVINGS AND CREDIT COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA

Author: DIAZ MUTHIORA MBIRITI, ELISHIBA MURIGI

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: Field trial was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bali, Taraba – State in 2019 cropping season, to study the effects of N. P. K. levels on the Growth, Yield components and Grain yield of 2- cultivars of Soybeans ‘’Tamakpo’’ and John Grain (Glycine max( L.) Merrill), in Bali Taraba – State, in the northern – guinea   savanna  zone of Nigeria. The experimental design was a split – plot design with the Soybean cultivars ‘’TAMAKPO’’ and JOHN GREEN as the main plots and five treatments T1 (Control ), T2, T3, T4, and T5 as sub – plots. These treatments were replicated four times giving a total of forty (40) sub  - plots . Parameters measured include; Plant height (cm) at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after planting (WAP), number of leaves per plant at 4, 8, and 12 weeks  after planting(WAP), number of branches at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after planting(WAP),and   number of effective and non – effective nodules per plant . For yield, the following Parameters were taken; Number of pods per plant, pod weight per plot,  100 seed weight and grain yield in kg/ha. The result shows that there was no significant difference at   (P<0.05) in the effects of treatment and cultivar on number of leaves of soybean cultivars at 4, 8, and 12, after planting (WAP). The results also shows that there was no significant difference at (P<0.05) in the effects of treatments and cultivars on number of branches of soybean  cultivars at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after planting (WAP). There was no significant difference at  (P<0.05) in the effects of treatments and cultivars on the height of  soybean cultivars at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after planting (WAP). On yield parameters, there was no significant difference at (P<0.05) in the effects of treatment and cultivar on the yield of soybean cultivars. In the yield parameter of this study, that is number of effective and non – effective nodules, pod weight, number of pods, 100 seed weight and pod yield/ha. The results of this study indicated that there were no significant differences in the performance of  cultivars on both growth and yield parameters. This might be due to soil conditions, agronomic practices and environmental conditions in Bali  Local Government Area of Taraba – State. Despite the fact, that there was no significant differences between  N, P, K, levels(treatment) and cultivars, more research can be carried out using other treatments on the same cultivars, to experiment  on commercial production which can be disseminated to farmers, for large scale production of soybean in the study area.

Keywords: Soybean Cultivars, Yield Performance, Effective and Non – Effective Nodules, Treatments, Leguminosae.

Title: THE EFFECTS OF N. P. K. LEVELS ON THE GROWTH, YIELD COMPONENTS AND GRAIN YIELD OF 2 – CULTIVARS OF SOYBEANS, ‘’TAMAKPO’’ AND JOHN GREEN(Glycine max ( L. )  Merrill), IN BALI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF TARABA – STATE, NIGERIA

Author: UGWUEGBULAM, O.C., BAKO, P. M AND PIUS, H

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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Abstract: This study examines the increasing incidences of cloudburst triggered debris-flows/flash floods in the Garhwal Himalaya, India. Data were gathered through the case studies of three incidences that occurred during the monsoon season – July, August, and September 2019. A total of 24 people died and 39 people were injured due to the cloudburst triggered debris-flows and flash floods events during the period. Further, about 150 roads were blocked and several houses, cowsheds, and agricultural land were drowned during the same time. This study reveals that most of the death and loss of property occurred along the river valleys because of the construction of houses on the fragile landscapes of these rivers’ banks. This study suggests that the construction of settlements should be avoided along the river valleys or on fragile landscapes. Economic activities should also be avoided in these fragile locations.

Keywords: Debris-flows, flash floods, cloudburst, Garhwal Himalaya.   

Title: Increasing Incidences of Cloudburst Triggered Debris-Flows/Flash Floods in Garhwal Himalaya, India

Author: Vishwambhar Prasad Sati

International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations

ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)

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