Vol 11 Issue 2 October 2023-March 2024

Abstract: IASB has defined the concept of fair value measurement under the IFRS 13; in India MCA has defined this concept under Standard Ind- AS 113 as “fair value measurement” which would the set of disclosures that a company must make regarding the fair value measurement practice being used. The fair value hierarchy concept, introduced the standard of IFRS 7 in 2009, classifies the data used in the measurement according to three levels, in which two levels introduce some subjectivity in the measurement. IFRS 13 defines fair value, sets out a single framework for measuring fair value, and requires disclosures about fair value measurements. Hence, this research aims to study the disclosure of fair value measurement of the financial instruments, required by Ind AS 113, of Infosys and Wipro companies listed in the BSE Index in the year 2021. The purpose of the study is to understand the level of fair value hierarchy practices in sample companies and find the disclosure level in form of financial instruments and monetary value. The results of the study allow us to conclude that Infosys and Wipro companies listed in the BSE 30 Index companies adopt the fair value measurement principle and disclosed financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy required by IFRS 13. It was also concluded that most financial instruments measured at fair value are classified at level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, which limits the degree of certainty about their values.

Key words: Fair value, financial instruments, Fair value hierarchy, IASB, IFRS.

Title: FAIR VALUE HIERARCHY PRACTICES IN INFOSYS TECH LTD AND WIPRO LTD

Author: Sunil G E,  Dr. B. Mahadevappa

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 120-139

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 28-November-2023

Abstract: The advancement of Islamic Banking and Finance in Syria has faced constraints owing to a range of factors, including inadequate assistance from regulatory authorities and customer base. The role of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is vital in Syria's economy and job market, yet they often lack sufficient support from the Islamic Banking and Finance sector. There exists a notable gap in scholarly work connecting SMEs with Islamic finance, particularly within the Syrian context. To ascertain the significance of the Islamic financial system for SMEs in Syria and other Muslim nations, it is imperative to address this research topic and conduct a thorough empirical analysis. This gap in understanding and literature forms the central issue of the study. This study investigates the relationship between religious obligation and intention to adopt Islamic finance among SMEs in Syria. This research offers valuable insights for both individual practitioners and the academic and theoretical spheres. Its findings are poised to influence policy-making. To assess the effect of the independent variable on the dependent one, quantitative methodologies were employed, capitalizing on their ability to detect fine distinctions and variances among individuals. A questionnaire constituted the primary instrument of this study. It targeted a research population of 600 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Syria, with a subset of 400 SMEs comprising the study sample that received the questionnaire. The findings revealed that religiosity has little impact on a person's desire to receive Islamic finance in Syria, more precisely, the findings reveal that religion does not always play a key role in deciding on Islamic finance, since only those with a higher level of religiosity are more likely to choose Islamic banking and finance. According to the findings, the conclusions matched those of other research they looked at, which had mixed results on the association between religion and the choice of Islamic banks and finance.

Keywords: Religion, Adopt Islamic Finance, SMEs, FinTech.

Title: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELIGION OBLIGATION AND INTENTION TO ADOPT ISLAMIC FINANCE

Author: Ahmed Muhamed Othman, Barjoyai Bin Bardai, Fahad Al-Shaghdari

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 114-119

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 25-November-2023

Abstract: The study sought to examine the effect of central bank prudential regulations on financial performance of commercial banks listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. The hypothesis of stakeholder preference, agency, and liquidity was reviewed to support study variables, and empirical evaluations related to research was reviewed. A randomized study design was conducted on 12 quoted commercialized banking establishments in the NSE was the research population. Secondary information for the survey was compiled from the Central Bank of Kenya's financial disclosures as well as yearly articles. The outcome produced by the analysis reported that capital regulation affected listed commercial banks’ financial performance positively in a manner that is insignificant; liquidity and credit regulations inversely significantly affected financial performance; while foreign exchange regulations insignificantly in a way that is negative affected listed commercial banks financial performance at the Kenya’s Nairobi Securities Exchange. The recommendation was that in order to improve the financial performance of listed Kenyan banks, the central bank authority should conduct a comprehensive review of the capital regulation to identify the effect of such on the overall financial performance. This would enable the management of the listed banks to plan and optimize their investment towards maximizing the banks’ profitability.

Keywords: Capital Regulation, Liquidity Regulation, Credit Regulation, Foreign Exchange Regulation and Financial Performance.

Title: CENTRAL BANK PRUDENTIAL REGULATIONS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS LISTED AT THE NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE, KENYA

Author: Edwin Kiprotich Rono, Mutwiri Nathan Mwenda

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 103-113

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 22-November-2023

Abstract: The study was conducted to determine the sustainability strategies of Food Merchants in SOMO Market Bazaar. It wanted to describe the demographic profile of these merchants in terms of age, gender, civil status, and their length of business in SOMO Market Bazaar. It also wanted to know how these strategies affect the sustainability of these merchants: Value of money, originality, imitability, marketing, food quality, and sanitary. Further, the study also wanted to know if there exists a significant difference in the sustainability strategies employed by these food merchants when they are grouped according to their length in business. From these, recommendations are made for these merchants to sustain their businesses.

Descriptive method of research was used in the study where in the approach was quantitative. The study was held in SOMO Market Bazaar. The respondents are the food merchants in the said bazaar purposively selected. From the 60 food merchants based in the said bazaar, 53 were selected. The Instrument used was the survey questionnaire which focused mainly on the evaluation of sustainability strategies used by these food merchants.

The study found out that most of the food merchants in SOMO Bazaar are female, young, and have been in the business for only 1-3 months. Among the sustainability strategies used by these merchants, very high effects were seen coming from value of money, originality, quality, and sanitary. On the other hand, high effects were seen to come from imitability and marketing. It was also found out in the study that sustainability strategies used by these food merchants in SOMO Market Bazaar do not depend on their length of years in the business.

Keywords: Sustainability Strategies; Food merchants.

Title: Sustainability Strategies of Food Merchants in the SOMO Market Bazaar

Author: Erika Joy I. Arizabal, Russel Mike S. Gallardo, Angelo Gabrielle A. Arciaga, Mae Casiles

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 93-102

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 18-November-2023

Abstract: Entrepreneurship is one way that can be used to solve unemployment problems in a country. The Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University (FEB UNUD) has also done its best to adjust the curriculum and learning process to support entrepreneurial activities. However, raising an interest in entrepreneurship is not an easy job. This is evident from the low interest of students to try entrepreneurship. The purpose of writing this article is to find out how the impact of Entrepreneurial Motivation and Opportunity Recognition has on interest in entrepreneurship which is moderated by leadership commitment at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University. The research was conducted on 115 (one hundred and fifteen) students who had taken entrepreneurship education using the Moderate Regression Analysis (MRA) analysis technique with the PLS approach. The results of the study show that entrepreneurial motivation and opportunity recognition have a significant positive effect on the interest in entrepreneurship. Leadership commitment is able to strengthen the effect of entrepreneurial motivation on entrepreneurial intentions, but is unable to significantly strengthen the influence of opportunity recognition on entrepreneurial intentions. The results of this study can be used as a policy basis for creating programs to increase intentions in entrepreneurship for students. Increased motivation and recognition of business opportunities encourage students to have entrepreneurial intentions especially supported by leadership commitment.

Keywords: Motivation; Opportunity Recognition; Commitment; Intention.

Title: BUILDING STUDENT ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION

Author: I Nyoman Nurcaya, Ni Ketut Seminari

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 84-92

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 14-November-2023

Abstract: The study sought to examine the effect of firm characteristics on loan performance of deposit-taking SACCOs in Kenyan Nairobi City County. Particularly, the study analyzed firm size, liquidity, and capital adequacy effects on loan performance of deposit-taking SACCOs in Nairobi City County. The research was predicated upon credit default theory, information asymmetry theory as well as capital-buffer theory. Panel regression analysis alongside descriptive techniques was adopted. The survey covered 40 Deposit Taking SACCOs that were operational within the period 2015 and 2020 where a census approach was applied. Data were sourced using a data collection guide with such information retrieved from audited statements of accounts of the DT-SACCOs. The result found that firm size has a significant positive effect on loan performance. Capital adequacy has an insignificant positive effect on loan performance. Liquidity has an effect that is not significantly positive on loan performance. Suggestions from the survey noted that the managers of DT-SACCOs should effectively implement capital adequacy regulations to ensure their buffers can meet the loan needs of their customers in Kenya. This would enhance the capital base of the SACCOs thus, improve the DT-SACCOs’ loan performance.

Keywords: Firm Characteristics, Firm Size, Capital Adeqaucy, Liquidity and Loan Performance.

Title: FIRM CHARACTERISTICS AND LOAN PERFORMANCE OF DEPOSIT TAKING SAVINGS AND CREDIT COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA

Author: Rutere Wamuyu Purity, Charity Njoka

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 73-83

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 14-November-2023

Abstract: The institutional support system for entrepreneurship development in India has been designed at four levels, viz., (i) Central Government, (ii) State Government, (iii) Non-Government Support System, and (iv) District Industries Centers. This paper is going to attempt on history of Entrepreneurship in karnataka  and what are the factors mainly effect on entrepreneurship development, functions, process and how that financial institutions and training institutions empower the productivity of entrepreneurs and their abilities, this research work mainly summarize the process of institutional support to entrepreneurship’.

Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Training, Empowerment, Financing, Industry.

Title: A Study on Institutional Supports of Entrepreneurship Development in Karnataka State

Author: Dr.N.Honnurswamy

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 52-72

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 08-November-2023

Abstract: The study sought to determine the effect of bank characteristics on the credit risk of Kenyan microfinance banking institutions was done. The research was anchored by agency theory and adverse selection theory. The adoption of a causal research design was eminent to analyze thirteen banks for the period 2015 to 2021 based on the census approach. The study outcomes were arrived at using secondary data obtained under the guidance of the secondary data collection schedule. The output of the analyzed investigation demonstrated that capital levels had an inversely significant effect on credit risk; liquidity also significantly inversely affected credit risk with bank size positively affecting the credit risk of microfinance banks significantly. The recommendation amongst which included that the microfinance banks’ management in Kenya should strengthen banks’ liquidity measures to allow for loans that are non-performing hence, lowering the risk associated with such intermediation function of the Kenyan microfinance banks.

Keywords: Capital Level, Liquidity, Bak Size and Credit Risk.

Title: MICROFINANCE BANKS CHARACTERISTICS AND CREDIT RISK OF MICROFINANCE BANKS IN KENYA

Author: Jonathan Sila Nyamai, Moses Odhiambo Aluoch

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 42-51

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 31-October-2023

Abstract: Despite the importance of water and sanitation projects in improving public health and overall well-being, many areas in Kenya still face numerous challenges. Siaya County, located in Western Kenya, has been grappling with water and sanitation challenges for years. According to the Ministry of Water and Sanitation, only 41% of Siaya County residents have access to improved water sources, while 17% have access to improved sanitation facilities. This study sought to address this gap by investigating the extent to which project communication influences the success of water and sanitation projects in the county, intending to inform policy and practice in the sector. The following specific objectives guided the study: to examine the role of communication monitoring on performance of water and sanitation projects in Siaya County, Kenya; and to determine the role of communication policy on the performance of water and sanitation projects in Siaya County, Kenya. The study was guided by the following theories: stakeholder theory, theory of constraints, contingency theory, and structuration theory. A descriptive design was used in this research. The unit of observation was ten project managers, 20 representatives of community members, and five government officials. They are forming a target population of 35 individuals. Due to the small size of the study population, the study used a census sampling approach. The primary data for this analysis was collected via a questionnaire. The data obtained was quantitative as well as qualitative. The Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 25 generated frequencies and descriptive and inferential statistics from the quantitative data; the findings were presented in tables and figures. The study concludes that communication monitoring has a positive and significant effect on performance of water and sanitation projects in Siaya County, Kenya. The study also concludes that communication policy has a positive and significant effect on performance of water and sanitation projects in Siaya County, Kenya. From the findings, this study recommends that projects managers should prioritize timely and accurate dissemination of project information to all relevant stakeholders. Set up a regular communication schedule to ensure that updates, progress reports, and important announcements are shared promptly.

Keywords: Communication Monitoring, Communication Policy, Performance, Water and Sanitation Projects.

Title: ROLE OF PROJECT COMMUNICATION ON PERFORMANCE OF WATER AND SANITATION PROJECTS IN SIAYA COUNTY, KENYA

Author: Anne Amaya Musotsi, Dr. Yusuf Muchelule

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 31-41

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 27-October-2023

Abstract: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of peer influence on youth’s participation in development projects in Naivasha sub-county Kenya. This study utilized the social systems theory and participatory communication theory. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The studies focused on all Naivasha Sub-county registered youth groups. There are 13 youth-based youth groups with a population of 600 youth members. The study targeted 2 officials from the youth office in Naivasha Sub-county. The study adopted a stratified random sampling technique to get the sample size of 57 youths from the 13 community youth-based youth groups in Naivasha. A purposive sampling technique was employed in selecting the two officials responsible for the implementation of the youth program in the Naivasha Sub-county. The questionnaires and interview guide were used to collect the primary data desirable for the study. Data was analyzed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics involved the calculation of percentages, frequencies, measures of central tendencies (mean), and measures of dispersion (standard deviation).  Inferential statistics involving correlation analysis was used to determine the association between variables under investigation at a 0.05 confidence level. From the findings, there is a positive significant relationship between peer influences on youth participation in development projects in Naivasha sub-county Kenya as shown by a regression coefficient of 0.289.The researcher concluded that peer influence significantly influences the youth’s decision to participate in the development project. From the finding, the researcher recommends that youth should be considered an integral part of the decision-making of community projects. The researcher recommends that participation in community development initiatives and education will enable youth to develop the necessary analytical skills that will enable them to become critical thinkers and problem-solvers in their future careers. The researcher recommends that further study should be done on the effects of youth empowerment programs on youth participation in the implementation of community development projects in Kenya.

Keywords: youth’s participation, development projects peer influence, participatory communication theory SPSS.

Title: Effect of Peer Influence on Youth’s Participation in Development Projects in Naivasha Sub-County Kenya

Author: Simon Kuria, David Gichuhi, Alice Omondi

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 23-30

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 17-October-2023

Abstract: The study aimed at determining the effect of procurements management practices on supply chain performance in public referral hospitals in Nairobi County, Kenya. Specifically, the study determined the impact of competitive tendering, procurement transparency, procurement planning, and supplier approval monitoring on supply chain efficiency in referral hospitals in Nairobi County. The normalization process theory, resource-based view theory and supply chain operations reference model served as the anchored theories for the investigation. The research project used descriptive survey design. The three referral hospitals in Nairobi County, Kenya, were target population of the investigation. The unit of observation for this study were the 327 hospital managers, procurement officers, accountants and staff procurements. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in picking 187 respondents. The correlation co-efficient (R ) indicates level of strength of relationship between variables in a study at 91%. The investigation concluded competitive tendering was positive and significant on supply chain performances (t= 1.711, pvalue > 0.05), procurement transparency has positive and significant effects on supply chain performances (t= 14.75, pvalue > 0.05) procurement planning have positive and substantial effects on supply chain performances (t=5.758, pvalue> 0.05) and supplier qualification managements had significant positive effects on supply chain performances (t= 3.719, p value = 0.05). The study recommended that governments should provide transparent reasons for the award based on predetermined standards once it has been made. The details of government contracts, including appendices, schedules, and references, must be made public.

Keywords: Competitive Tendering, Procurement Transparency, Procurement Planning, Supplier Qualification Monitoring and Supply Chain Performance.

Title: PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF NATIONAL REFERRAL HOSPITALS IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA

Author: Kamau Alice Njoki, Perris Chege

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 14-22

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 06-October-2023

Abstract: The entry of new competition from imported tires and independent suppliers has had a significant impact on operating costs in Sameer Africa. This impact has manifested itself in the form of lower sales volumes leading to lower profits. This study examined the influence of retrenchment strategy on performance of Sameer Africa in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study applied a descriptive research design. The unit of analysis was Samer Africa in Nairobi City County, Kenya, and the unit of observation was 630 employees drawn from the following departments; Sales and Marketing, Operations, Human Resources, Information and Technology, Imports and Clearing, Audit and Risk Management. Proportional stratified sampling was used in the study to select samples from various subsets of the target population in order to ensure adequate representation of all cases. Simple random sample selection was used to select the sample size of 245 respondents. With the help of a semi-structured questionnaire, primary data was gathered. The questionnaire was piloted on 25 respondents from the same organization who weren't part of the main study in order to test its validity and reliability. The means and standard deviations of descriptive statistics were used to analyze quantitative data. The data were presented using tables and graphics. Correlation analysis and multiple analysis were used in inferential statistics to ascertain the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The study discovered that the performance of Sameer Africa in Nairobi City County, Kenya, is positively and significantly impacted by reemployment strategy. The study concluded that retrenchment is a cost-management strategy that removes goods and services from the market and lessens competition. The study recommended that the management of the company can for divestment strategy is the case of severity of competition and the inability of the organization to cope with it.

Keywords: Retrenchment Strategy, Organizational Performance.

Title: INFLUENCE OF RETRENCHMENT STRATEGY ON PERFORMANCE OF SAMEER AFRICA IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA

Author: Doris Mueni Mengo, Dr Eliud Obere

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 8-13

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 04-October-2023

Abstract: There is a need to tackle inadequate human resources for health with the focus mainly on flexible work arrangements and workforce performance. To help us understand how flexible work arrangements affect service delivery quality of medical personnel in Kenyan Hospitals. The study investigated the influence of influence of phased retirement on employee performance of medical personnel in Kericho County Referral Hospital, Kenya This research study utilized descriptive research survey design to fact find, formulate principles of knowledge and solve problems. This study’s sampling design was simple random sampling method whereby the researcher encouraged respondents to the questionnaire to participate by selecting a representative sample from the target population with each respondent’s chance of being selected for the study being equal and independent. This was done to ensure ease in data collection due to simple random methods simplicity and lack of bias. Responses and answers were confidential to protect the respondents and to encourage honest answers. The questionnaires developed were adopted from published literature with regards to the topic of this research i.e. Flexible Work Arrangements. This assisted during determining reliability and validity of research instruments and to reduce on work and effort needed in developing and testing of other instruments. University lecturers in particular my supervisors were used to ascertain face validity. Construct validity involved review of theoretical and empirical literature on Flexible working and employee performance while considering the respective indicators. Experts in HRM will be used to assess content validity. The aggregate Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was 0.79825. The research was therefore established to be reliable. The research instruments used in the study were distributed with the objective of obtaining primary data in the form of open and closed ended answers from participants. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21. Phased Retirement was found not to be significant in improving employee performance. The study suggested that further research be carried on how phased retirement can be implemented to improve employee performance.

Keywords: Phased retirement, Employee Performance.

Title: INFLUENCE OF PHASED RETIREMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL IN KERICHO COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITAL, KENYA

Author: Korir Collins, Dr. Caroline Nderi

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 1-7

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 04-October-2023