Vol 3 Issue 3 July 2015-September 2015

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of costs and benefits of paddy production with special reference in externalities. As  negative effects, human health problem and human and animal poisoning and as positive social effect flood mitigation, recharge groundwater, purification of water and increasing highland crop(s) yields  are evaluated in this study. According to the analysis, considering direct costs and benefits, it is concluded that Paddy farming in Sri Lanka is a profitable farming industry. The total external benefit (TEB) was higher than the total external cost (TEC) in any scheme. In terms of that total social benefits (TSB) was also higher than the total social cost (TSC) in any scheme. These results suggested that the paddy farming process in Sri Lanka released benefits to the society than costs. Therefore, it is indicated that the social required quantity is higher than the current equilibrium quantity. Further, it is concluded that major irrigated paddy farming has plenty of opportunities to implement new projects in order to maximize the benefits of paddy farming.

Keywords: costs benefits analysis, externalities, paddy production, social benefits, social cost.

Title: Impact of External Costs and Benefits of Paddy Farming in Sri Lanka

Author: Nishantha BMN, Semasinghe WM, Kularathne MG, Gunarathna KMLMM

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In ancient Rome, Greek agónes were never widespread. This is evidenced by the fact that the word agón never actually found a counterpart in the Latin language. Instead, the Romans used the term certamen, which does not have the same exact meaning as the Greek word it replaces. In Rome, certamina were mostly considered performances in which the athlete was nothing more than a performer-actor (or actress, because some authors talk about women who appeared in struggles and competitions fighting other women) and not an athlete in the strictest sense. Participants in certamen were often criminals and thugs (or prostitutes). They competed in the stadium during the day and were hired to carry out killings in some slum of the city at night. Using this historical background as a starting point, the purpose of this study is to identify the philosophical bases of the Roman “certamen system” and to compare them with those of the Greek “agonistic system”. The Latin word certamen relates to the idea of earning the approval of a crowd by prevailing in a fight against others who are considered as enemies (the concursus). From a philosophical point of view, the word certamen refers to conceptual, political, educational, and aesthetic categories completely different from those of the Greek agón. The concept “certamen” refers to an individualistic dimension – not communitarian – of aesthetic, visual, and communicational attributes which can also be found in contemporary sports. By using a philosophical hermeneutic approach, and by making a comparison between the Greco-Roman athletic paidéia and contemporary sport, we argue that, first, in the conceptual history of sports there has always been a tension between the two philosophical and ethical poles represented by agón and certamen. Second, we argue that this tension can also be found in the conception of contemporary sport. To conclude, we argue that by understanding the agón-certamen couple, one can arrive at a clearer and less reductive interpretation of both the main philosophical and cultural meanings of contemporary sports and the pedagogies by which, nowadays, sports are inspired.

Keywords: agón, certamen, hermeneutics, education, contemporary sports.

Title: Agón or Certamen? A Philosophical Analysis of the Greek-Roman Agonistic Paidéia and Its Influence on the Conception of Contemporary Sports

Author: Emanuele Isidori, Francisco Javier López Frías, Rafael Ramos Echazarreta

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: My uncle, who works closely with veterans, often tells me about the incredible sacrifices that American soldiers have made. Many of his patients have lost limbs and their closest friends in combat, which often leads to severe mental disorders such as Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Moved by his stories, I felt compelled to learn more about their conditions. To my dismay, a majority of veterans struggle to secure employment due to the psychological effects of war. Symptoms include flashbacks, nightmares, severe anxiety, and uncontrollable thoughts in regard to the traumatic event. Civilians are sometimes unaware of the hostile environment of war zones that our soldiers have endured. Deadly mines, RPGs, gunshots, and death have haunted hundreds of thousands of veterans. To make matters worse, less than half of veterans fail to report symptoms due to the stigma of psychotherapy. Soldiers are trained to withhold emotions and to be aggressive on the field. Such absolutistic thinking discourages expression of one’s feelings since emotions are deemed as a weakness in the military. Alternatively, soldiers express themselves through anger and hostility which makes them vulnerable to substance abuse, depression, and suicidal ideation. Through a literature review of both quantitative and qualitative data, researchers have concluded that soldiers have difficulty obtaining employment without effective job placement and transitional work experience programs in place. In that process, it is pertinent to provide mental health programs to veterans suffering from PTSD. In order to successfully transition into the workplace, veterans must understand how to express their feelings in a healthy way. Teaching emotions will help veterans develop emotional intelligence incorporating various scenarios that may arise in a work setting. By learning crucial interpersonal skills, veterans can learn to rise above an increasingly discriminatory hiring process. However, there is hope for veterans, as more and more businesses commit to hiring veterans in the years to come.

Keywords: (PTSD), veterans suffering, Job Placement, Retention, Soldiers.

Title: The Impact of PTSD on Veterans Job Placement and Retention

Author: Seung Woo Baek

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Probably, EFL teachers' negligence of illustrating some crucial aspects of vocabulary knowledge is a reason behind students' inefficient use of vocabulary at Taif University. Examples of such neglected aspects of vocabulary knowledge are: word polysemy, homonymy, connotation, word basic parts of speech, synonymy and antonymy. This study attempts to examine these aspects and to see the degree to which they are demonstrated in the language classroom at Taif University. A questionnaire was filled by the members of English departments as well as teachers of the preparatory year in the three branches of Taif University, Rania, Khurma and Traba. Data analysis and statistical results have revealed, to a considerable degree, that teachers at Taif University seldom demonstrate the aspects of vocabulary knowledge in teaching vocabulary. Also, the analysis of data has showed how students can acquire more palpable skills in language use if these aspects were handled in teaching vocabulary. The recommendations emphasize the need for introducing these aspects in teaching vocabulary at Taif University.

Keywords: Polysemy, Homonomy , Connotation, Part of speech, Synonymy, Antonymy.

Title: Promoting Lexical Knowledge in the Saudi Tertiary EFL Classroom at Taif University

Author: Ahmed Mohamed Khair Abdalla 

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Education is one of the main indicators of social and scientific development of a country. It helps in the acceptance of modernity, scientific development and so on. Keeping in view such increasing importance of education, the whole world is giving utmost priority to fundamental education of every child. In such a scenario, India is also not lagging behind and has adopted several remarkable steps in bringing this into action. But the ground reality is that a section of the population is unable to access education till the date. On the one hand government policies are trying to provide at least minimum education facilities to all the children. But in reality, it is a distance dream only for many sections of people. In the light of such reality, the present paper is mainly trying to highlight the conditions of the internally displaced persons, simply known as IDPs in getting educational opportunities in Assam.

Keywords: Education, IDP, Problems, Assam.

Title: Practicability of Right to Education in Respect to IDP with Special Reference to Assam

Author: Barnali Kalita

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: We often talk on the subject "Refugees" with various viewpoints. While some consider them as the downtrodden people who have taken shelters in various developing and developed countries in search of safety, peace and growth, other see them as a liability and burden on the host countries. Similarly, various organizations, politicians, aid workers, academicians and the press have different angles in viewing the term.

However, amid the arguments on eliciting the right definitions on the refugees, we often forget the real issues and concerns such as the socio-economic problems, this population is going through and to be more specific, the issues, risks and challenges of the refugee youth, which has been one of the severely affected sections of the refugee population, whose not only past has troubles and sorrows in it but whose present is handicapped with a very limited opportunities to grow and whose future is full of uncertainties. Thus, this is the high time when the youth refugee population should be given special focus upon by the humanitarian and welfare agencies in Delhi to timely save their futures from the shackles of helplessness, decimation, demotivation and desolation by reviewing the existing support structures for them, advocating for rectifying the shortfalls and backing away for some much needed solutions at a broader level and highlighting the issues related to their situation.

Keywords: Youth, Refugee, UNHCR, education, service, assistance.

Title: Refugees in Delhi: "The Troubled Youth"

Author: Varun Nautiyal

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This is an attempt to understand the partition of Bengal, 1947, in the context of migration and rehabilitation of the partition refugee from East Bengal. It analyzed the political overview of the Central government of Jawaharlal Nehru and other political leaders about Bengali Hindu refugee from East-Bengal. This paper focuses on the reaction of the Government of India especially the prime minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru to the Bengali Hindu refugee in the eastern border. There is no doubt that in those days Nehru was the main moving force behind every decision and policy adopted by the Government of India. We can see that Nehru’s view on the Bengali Hindu refugee problem had changed in time. He was gradually making distance from East-Pakistan’s Refugee problem. There are several personal and official letters and documents which can prove this type of inhuman behavior from our popular leaders.

Keywords:  Refugee, Minority, Exodus.

Title: Forgotten Promise: Nehru and the Bengali Refugee

Author: Subhajit Ghosh

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Tourism, a service – oriented industry, has emerged to be a revolutionizing phenomenon, especially in the second half of the present century, outpacing the manufacturing and extractive industries as a catalyst of the development process at the national as well as the global levels. Emergence of tourism as a leading growth industry is a part of a gradual process involving the displacement of manufacture from its dominant position and the transition to a service- oriented economy. In fact, it has come to weigh significantly in the growth strategies of the developed countries as also the developing ones. Accordingly, the modern day world especially developing countries tend often to over emphasize tourism promotion in their developmental efforts, taking  it as a quick and easy means to the end being sought. In certain economies, it is the foundation of the economic, socio –cultural and even human pyramid, while in most others it is contributing extent in the general development process and in the solution of their basic problems by exploiting their historic-societal – cultural and environmental resources. The operation of the tourism industry is not as simplistic as the term might seem to connote per se. A superficial view of tourism activity may elaborate it as simply movement of people from one place to another, inspired by any of the purposes but, underneath, it is rather a complex of various inter-linked and interacting processes. The multi – faceted nature of tourism makes it an intricate phenomenon, encompassing a whole gamut of issues, problems and challenges to be encountered both in the present and in the times to come. Besides, the impacts are irreducibly multi –dimensional, and there is often a tendency to club one aspect or type of impact with one or more of others. The present study also deals with the various problems and their prospects being faced by the Tourism in Punjab and Haryana. Both these states being Agriculturist dominant, the awareness for Tourism development and its advantages for the state are not clearly defined in the minds of a large number of people. In this paper we will discuss some of the problems being faced and how can they be overcome.

Keywords: Global Village, Infrastructure, Religious and Cultural Tourism, Skilled Manpower, Eco Tourism, Law and Order, Human Resource, Economic Development, Social Development.

Title: TOURISM PROMOTION IN PUNJAB AND HARYANA: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

Author: PRIYANKA PATHAK MALHOTRA

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The present study was conducted with a sample of 100 rural women, selected randomly from Gangwa village of district Hisar. Data were collected with the help of structured and duly pre-tested interview schedule. Results revealed that cent per cent respondents continue to use biomass because of familiarity with its use and free availability. LPG was used by 53.00 per cent respondents for reasons like cleanliness, no smoke and easy to use. Respondents experienced ‘most severe’ economic stress because of fuel energy crisis with WMS of 2.62. Emotional stress due to disturbance in household work was also experienced as ‘most severe’ (WMS- 2.59), followed by ‘severe’ level of stress due to obstruction in comfortable living (WMS- 2.33) and being unable to meet family demands (WMS- 2.12). To deal with fuel energy crisis and stress, respondents adopted ‘adequate’ coping measures in the form of appropriate cooking practices with WMS of 2.47.

Keywords: Fuel Stress, Coping Measures Adopted, Rural Households.

Title: Fuel Stress and Coping Measures Adopted by Rural Households in Hisar District of Haryana

Author: Nayana Sharma, Savita Singal

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper investigates the deep rooted cultural imbalancement of American individuals that always reveals a mythological unbounded anecdote in their long journey of deceived life style. Here, ‘American dreaming’ is noted by a cultural imbalancement, to which Steinbeck emphasizes the dreams throughout the novel. George aspires to independence, to be his own boss, to have a homestead, and most importantly to be "somebody". Lennie aspires to be with George on his independent homestead, and to quench his fixation on soft objects. Candy aspires to reassert his responsibility lost with the death of his dog, and for security for his old age — on George's homestead. Crooks aspires to a small homestead where he can express self-respect, security, and most of all, acceptance. Curley's wife dreams to be an actress, to satisfy her desire for fame lost when she married Curley and an end to her loneliness. Thus the American dream leads entire verve and the characters too towards an infinite longingness.

Keywords: American Dreaming, Cultural Imbalancement, Mice and Men.

Title: American Reverie in John Steinbeck’s “Of Mice and Men”

Author: V.M. Saranya

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This work examined the effects of audio-visual materials in the teaching and learning of the speaking skill in Junior Secondary Schools in Katsina local government area of Katsina State. Three null hypotheses were formulated and tested at the probability of 0.05 levels of significance. The study used the Phonetic Assessment Test (PAT) instrument to determine students’ entry level in speaking skill. The instrument (PAT) was face-validated by lecturers from the Department of English of Federal College of Education, Katsina and Staff of Education Resource Centre (ERC) Katsina. The entire population for the study was 2,012 students obtained from two (2) Junior Secondary Schools selected from the study area with gender bias (mixed-male and female schools). Two hundred (200) respondents were sampled out of the total population using simple random sampling technique and were grouped into Control and Experimental groups. Thereafter, they were subjected to treatment for six (6) lessons of two (2) periods per week using Video Compact Disc and Chart for Experimental and Control group respectively. The data collected for the study are analyzed using t-test to answer the research questions as well as testing the null hypotheses.

Keywords: Audio-Visual, Teaching, Learning, Speaking Skill, Junior Secondary School.

Title: The Effects of Audio-Visual Materials in the Teaching and Learning of the Speaking Skill in Junior Secondary Schools

Author: Akinwole Olakunle Idris

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The study attempts to identify how does the youth feel and behave after watching Bollywood movies that predominantly carries Communal representation. Previous studies suggest that Indian cinema often portrays a negative image of Communals’ (Muslim) in Bollywood. This research paper aims to understand the current mindset of the youth. The results show that even today a considerable percentage of youth believes that Bollywood still portrays a negative image of Communal characters.

Keywords: Communals, Bollywood, Indian Cinema, Movies.

Title: COMMUNAL REPRESENTATION IN BOLLYWOOD MOVIES: A STUDY OF YOUTH

Author: Prof. (Dr.) Bandana Pandey, Manju Kataria, Sumedha Dhasmana

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: To evaluate mental health among college students, this comparative study has been conducted on a sample of 61 undergraduate humanities college students (30 male and 31 female). The age of the subjects ranged from 18 to 23 years. Regional College of Education (RCE), Mental Health Scale by Anand (1992) was used to measure the mental health of the subjects. To compare the male and female undergraduate college students on mental health and its sub-domains “t” test was employed. Findings revealed that boys were having greater record of achievement as compared to the girls. But male and female undergraduate students of Rupnagar district were not found to be differed significantly on  mental health and its other sub domains namely concept of life, personal adjustment, perception of others, perception of self, self- concept. 23 percent male and 31 percent female undergraduate students were reported lower level of mental health. Females were more vulnerable to mental health issues as compared to their male counterparts. Majority of male and female students showed optimum level of mental health. 

Keywords: Mental Health.

Title: Mental Health among the Undergraduate College Students

Author: Mr. Sarbjit Singh

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This study sets up a prologue to indicate how phenomenology a branch of philosophy, a theory can be connected to study things, writing and arts and looks at some hypothetical angles which make Husserl and Heidegger as phenomenologists. Of the various phenomenological procedures, two are taken for dialog. They are Epoche and Reduction. Phenomenological strategy empowers us to suspend our characteristic mentality and lead us to that which is most initially given in all fields of human action. The common stance is supplanted by philosophical or supernatural point of view and through this the world is seen as the purposeful correspond of cognizance. Here we move from the universe of items to the centrality of cognizance.

Keywords: Phenomenology, Intentionality, Temporality, Epoche, Reduction.

Title: A PROLOGUE TO PHENOMENOLOGY AND PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Author: R.GNANASEKARAN

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Occupational stress has been proven a major contributor of employee’s ill health at workplace, thus the problem has been an area of concern in context of healthy institutional and family living. The research was conducted on 120 working women of Hisar city of Haryana, 60 respondents from both public and private sector were selected randomly working in banks, hospitals and educational institutions (15 respondents from class I, II, III and IV cadre). Results of the study concluded that respondent’s work culture was supportive, majorly work problems were discussed with seniors, organizational policies were almost suitable, working at the organization provided satisfaction due to which even after reported to have increased workload respondents no long leave was taken. Overall level of job stress was medium, due to moderate stress caused by job performance, workplace environment, job expectation and job role, and high level stress due to job satisfaction and job security.

Keywords: Occupational stress, Job security, Job performance, Job expectation, Job role.

Title: Extent and Causes of Job Stress among Working Women of Hisar City

Author: Deepti Kothari, Rita Goel

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Research Publish Journals