Vol 2 Issue 2 April 2014-June 2014

Abstract: This paper deals with basically what a matrix converter is. This converter consists of bi-directional switches and these bi-directional switches are having different configurations that are being discussed. This paper also contains various modulation techniques,current commutation   methods, and along with that certain practical issues related to this converter and along with that  few applications are also being discussed.

Keywords: Bi-directionalswitches, current commutation, indirect modulation.

Title: A NOVEL CONVERTER: MATRIX CONVERTERS

Author: Vikram Singh, Nitin Saxena

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: In this paper facts devices used for power quality improvement is presented. In addition, the power electronics-based equipment, which are called power conditioners are used to solve power quality problems. Since the topologies of these equipment are similar to those used in FACTS equipment, power conditioners are also called Distribution FACTS (DFACTS). Shunt connected STATCOM may be used to inject reactive power. A STATCOM will provide general voltage support to the Distribution network and, if this is not desired, a solid state switch can also be used to isolate the load and STATCOM for the duration of the sag. The principle operating modes and applications whichever one of equipment in transmission and distribution system (such as STATCOM, SSSC, UPFC, D-STATCOM, DVR and UPQC) will be discussed.

Keywords: POWER QUALITY, FACTS DEVICES.

Title: MITIGATION OF POWER QUALITY PROBLEMS BY D-STATCOM

Author: Varsha Vishwakarma, Nitin Saxena

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Performance-favourable and noteworthy characteristics of the Boost converter are reported, when the latter operates in Maximum Power Tracking (MPT) mode, while fed from a fixed internal resistance power source specifically a Thermo Electric Generator (TEG). It is found that if the converter is controlled with Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM), for a specific value of inductance, the inductor current inherently remains on the boundary of continuity for the whole control range, that is under all conditions, resulting in reduced switching losses. Furthermore, MPT is possible without the sampling of any current but only with the sampling of the converter input and output voltages. The above theoretical findings have been verified by an experimental prototype.

Keywords: Boost Converter, Maximum Power Tracking, Super capacitor, Energy storage.

Title: Boundary-Mode Operation of the Boost Converter for Thermoelectric Generator Maximum Power Tracking

Author: Michael P. Theodoridis

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Nitrogen in continuous supply is essential in any chemical plant .It is used to dilute reagent gases, to increase yield of some reactions, to decrease the fire or explosion. It can be generated using technology known as Pressure Swing Adsorption method in which nitrogen can be generated continuously and can be supplied to the plant for its use. This is a continuous process and does not require supervision to operate the process. This paper introduces replacing the old electromechanical controls with the PLC. Firstly it shows the ladder logic that can be implemented to operate the Nitrogen generator plant. Secondly it shows installation of PLC in the plant and factors to be considered for its installation and operation.

Keywords: PLC, pressure swing adsorption, nitrogen, generator.

Title: Efficient Automation of Nitrogen Generator Plant Pressure Swing Adsorption Type Using PLC

Author: Dr. Gagandeep Kaur, Lakhan Singla

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: This paper describes a circuit design for protection of laptop and smart phone batteries. On long use of laptop and smart phones while connecting the charger to mains supply the battery gets degraded at fast rate. So a timer circuit is added to the charger of appliances in series to control the rate of charging.

Keywords: ATMEGA16, Potentiometer, relay.

Title: Laptop and Smart Phone Battery Protection Technique

Author: K.Hrishikesh

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: This paper proposes a STATCOM control structure with capability to coordinate the control between the positive and the negative sequence of the grid voltage. The positive-sequence voltage compensation leads to an increased voltage stability of the wind farm and the negative sequence voltage compensation leads to reduction of torque ripple, increasing the life time of the generator drive train. In the damping of the torque ripple of the generators, the STATCOM control is more effective. It provides fast response, flexible voltage control for power quality improvement regulates voltage and improves dynamic stability and voltage stability. This paper uses d-q theory for reference compensation current generation and space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) for gate signal generation. The results are validated by simulating the fixed speed Induction Generator (FSIG) based wind farm with STATCOM control in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.

Keywords: Statcom, wind farm, d-q theory, SVPWM, fixed speed induction generator.

Title: STATCOM Control under Asymmetrical Grid Faults at FSIG-Based Wind Farms

Author: D.Manasa,  M.GopiSivaPrasad,  G.Jayakrishna

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: The Electronic Industrial Timers are used in the industries to control the process/operation with specified time interval of repetitive nature. They find applications in the control of sequential functions of industrial machinery at varying time intervals for plastic industries, pharmaceutical industries, petro-chemical industries, steel industries, power plants etc. Electronic timers are manufactured today to meet the complex function of Industries but these timers are available in limited operating modes that may be 8/16/20 maximum and hence if your application does not fit in that operating modes then you have to give order for customizing the timer. So this paper gives you a universal solution where you can build any mode as per your requirement that to very easily.

Keywords: Timers, Operating modes, Signal sensing, Timing accuracy, EMI protection.

Title: Smart Programmable Timer

Author: Santosh Laxman Kulangi, Dr.Mrs.P.Malathi

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: This paper includes the wheelchair that can control using voice, eye and joystick. And it monitors the room conditions like temperature, humidity, fire etc... And according to patient/ user health conditions it will inform the doctor/ analyzer via text message. Also it check the body conditions of the user and according to unnecessary changes in his heart and brain conditions and inform it any changes happen. According to user wish the wheelchair can be made in to a semi sleeper bed. Also for physically handicapped ones the wheelchair will help to have food/medicines and other needy things which can only done by his hand can be done using robotic hand that is being integrated with it. Also it monitors the human presence and informs the user.

Keywords: Automatic wheelchair,  Voice Recognition, Controller, Iris Movement Sensors, Servo Motor, and Heart Rate Monitor.

Title: Wheelchair for Physically and Mentally Disabled Persons

Author: Nirmal T M

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: The Simulated antenna is one of the most excellent antenna structures, due to its low cost and compact design. In the paper, we present a research approach to upgrade the radiation effectiveness and the performance of antennas by miniaturization of the size. We have discussed about the performance of L-shaped mircostrip patch antenna which consists of a rectangular patch. This study was made for the wide frequency ranging from 7.35 GHz to 12.75GHz and the geometry of the  antenna and the results are obtained using the simulation software HFSS. The bandwidth obtained is 5.40 GHz The detailed design and the results are shown and discussed in this paper.

Keywords: Broadband , Microstrip , Patch Antenna , Planar, Ultra Wide Band.

Title: DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF WIDE BAND L-SHAPED ANTENNA

Author: Siddharth Bhat, RashmiPattoo, Nitin Kathuria

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Fast progression in field of power electronics has already started influence of the power industry. So Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices provide fast control of active and reactive power through a transmission Line. In this paper transient stability will improving by using UPFC. The Unified power flow controller is a member of FACTS family with very attractive features. This is the combination of the properties of STATIC Synchronous compensator (STAT com) and Static synchronous series compensator (SSSC). Here we have been developed two simulation model of single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system i.e. With or without UPFC. These simulation has been incorporated into MATLAB based Power system Toolbox (PST) for their transient stability analysis. This models has been analysed for transient fault at different locations, i.e. At the middle and receiving end of the transmission line keeping the location of UPFC fixed at the receiving end of the line. Transient stability has been analysed with the help of curves of voltage magnitude during fault.

Keywords: UPFC, Transient Stability, MATLAB Simulation.

Title: IMPROVE TRANSIENT STABILITY OF TRANSMISSION LINE USING UPFC

Author: Sonam Rai

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Vehicles have become an integral part of everyone's life. Situations and circumstances demand the usage of vehicles in this fast paced urban life. As a coin has two sides, this has its own effects, one of the main side effects being air pollution. Every vehicle will have emission but the problem occurs when it is beyond the standardized values. The primary reason for this breach of emission level being the incomplete combustion of fuel supplied to engine, which is due to the improper maintenance of vehicles. This emission from vehicles cannot be completely avoided but, it definitely can be controlled.

Now a day accidents is a common feature of deaths. The common feature of accidents will be rash driving, signal jumping, drunk and driving, due to minor drivers etc. Rash driving and signal jumping is a nature of driver which causes panic in the traffic and finally leads to accidents.  These are critical things to control so here we coming up with a concept to reduce rash driving.

As a solution to the above problems we aim to build an automated control system for emission level and rash driving detection in vehicles. Smoke detector is used to detect the carbon percentage in smoke released by vehicles due to combustion of fuel in it. Smoke detector is fixed at the end of exhaust of vehicle from where smoke is released into the environment. The smoke detector detects carbon and gives it to microcontroller to check the maximum percentage of carbon content in smoke released by vehicles. So the controller checks the percentage of carbon and if it is more than the threshold level of carbon the system module sends SMS about this to the nearby pollution control office through GSM.

Similarly, If driver is rash driving then it is done like applying and releasing of accelerator and brake frequently then it is taken as one point reduction and is intimated to control office by sending message through GSM, and it also sends location of vehicle through GPS system.

Keywords: Accelerometer sensor, CO Sensor, GPS, GSM, Microcontroller.

Title: Automated Control System for Emission Level & Rash Driving Detection in Vehicles

Author: Channabasavaiah M S, Shrinivas Mayya D

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: New designs of obtaining a dual frequency bands antenna for the Global Positioning System (GPS) (Lower band = 1.227 GHz, Upper band = 1.575 GHz) with a single-feed square micro-strip antenna are proposed and experimentally studied. The proposed designs are based on the same patch dimensions loaded with different shape of slots in the form of cut from the sides of the square patch. The result of this work shows that the slots loaded into the square patch antennas offers further size reduction with multiband properties and GPS characteristics. Details of the design considerations of the proposed antennas are described, and experimental results of the obtained dual-band GPS performances are presented and discussed.

Keyword: Micro-strip Antenna, Dual band, GPS applications.

Title: Design of a Dual Band GPS Micro-strip Patch Antenna

Author: Haider A. SABTI, Dr. Jabir S. AZIZ

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Background identification is common feature in video system .This project deals with the hardware implementation of the Gaussian mixture model algorithm of decompressed real time video. As this project is mainly focused on receiver end, decompression plays an important role. At the receiver side only compressed video will be captured. So the original video should be got back through decompression. Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform is used here, since it is effective and less noise interfered technique. Also scaling of image is also done so that the video which is taken by the camera will be compactable with the display devices. So this project in cooperates three processes called segmentation decompression and scaling with low power consumption. The reduction in power is proved using Quartus.

Keywords: Computer vision, Image motion analysis, Object detection, Subtraction techniques, DCT.

Title: FPGA Implementation of Low Power Decompressed Real Time Video Segmentation

Author: Saritha.K, R.Lakshmipathy

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: This paper proposes the efficient methods in multimodal biometric i.e. Fingerprint, Speech, Face.  Multimodal system is developed through fusion of fingerprint, Speech and face recognition. The proposed system is designed for applications where the training database contains a face, fingerprint images and voice data. This proposed system may be used in various application areas such as, for authentication number of employees working in offices, in military applications and also in all possible security applications.   

Keywords: Multimodal Biometric. Fingerprint Authentication, Speech and Face Recognition.

Title: Efficient Methods of Multimodal Biometric Security System- Fingerprint Authentication, Speech and Face Recognition

Author: J.Deny, Dr.M.Sudhararajan

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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Abstract: Authentication and validation of an individual is done with the help of various factors like signature, user-ids and passwords, palm, fingerprint, face, voice, heart-beat, iris, etc. The fingerprint technique is advantageous for such recognition as compared to other techniques. This paper is a brief review in the field of fingerprint identification. The aim of this paper is to review various latest minutiae based, correlation based and other global, local methods for fingerprint matching and status of success of concurrent methods.

Keywords: Fingerprint Identification, Fingerprint Biometrics, fingerprint Enhancement.

Title: A BRIEF REVIEW PAPER ON FINGER PRINT IDENTIFICATION METHOD

Author: Ajay Singh Paraste, Dr. Shailja Shukla

International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research

ISSN 2348-6988 (online)

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