Vol 6 Issue 1 April 2018-September 2018

Abstract: Opportunities arising from long life is naturally dependent on health as a key factor.  The number of people aged 60 years or older will rise from 900 million to 2 billion between 2015 and 2050, as per total global population. In Jamaica, life expectancy (2011 data) represents 78.04 for women and 70.4 for men, coming from 74.7 and 69.5 respectively in 2005. This qualitative-type research was conducted over the period January, 2016 to December, 2017 using primary and secondary approaches. The unit of analysis was members of the elderly community who were within the age cohort of 78-104 years old. Primary and secondary approaches were taken with a view to phenomenological expressions, hence seven themes were established: Physical, Physiological, Psychological, Social, Educational, Economical and the Individual. Throughout the results of this study, these themes are articulated accordingly. It has been revealed that not everyone at the advanced stage of the elderly community experienced chronic illness. However, linkages between those with sexual and reproductive health issues and those with chronic illnesses were ascertained. Of concern too were matters regarding environmental treatment, social life, physiological, physical and psychological dealings, and their influence on the elderly respondents. Of note was that physical exercises had positively influenced self-confidence (feeling attractive), improvement in health and sexual activities. Given that ageing is the epicenter of mankind’s development, health as a factor towards ideal personal and social progress should not be ignored, as chronic illness, sexuality and way of life are inextricably linked.

Keywords:  Elderly, Chronic Illness, Sexual and Reproductive Health, Jamaica.

Title: Life after Three Scores and Ten in Jamaica: A Phenomenological Analysis

Author: Dr. Tazhmoye Crawford

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Post-partum depression affects a considerable proportion of women in developing countries. It has immediate health effects on the woman`s self-confidence as a mother, as well as its impact on baby`s social, cognitive, emotional as well as physical development.

Objectives: To estimate prevalence and determine the socio-demographic and obstetric factors of depression amongst women attending primary health care centers in Taif within 2 months after delivery.

Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted in Taif governorate, in the western region of Saudi Arabia. It is a cross sectional study included a random sample of women in postpartum less than 1 year attending primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Taif governorate throughout the study period (January-February, 2018), for post-natal services or “well-baby” clinic services. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. It consists of three main parts: socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric history and the Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess depression.

Results: Two hundred fifty women were included in the study. The age of more than half of them (54%) ranged between 26 and 35 years while 4% of them aged between 41 and 49 years. Depression was present among more than half (51.6%) of women; it was mild among 34.8%. However, moderate, moderately severe and severe depressions were observed among 10.8%, 14.5% and 0.4% of the women, respectively. Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that women in the age group 36-40 years were more likely to develop PPD compared to those in the age group 18-25 years (Adjusted Odds ratio “aOR”2.20, 95% Confidence interval “CI” 1.01-5.17, p=0.049). Compared to those who had previous history of anti-depressants intake, women without such history were 92% at lower risk for having PPD (aOR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01-0.67, p=0.020). Women whose husbands helped them sometimes during pregnancy were at three folded risk to develop PPD compared to those whose husbands helped them continuously during pregnancy (aOR 3.53, 95% CI 1.88-6.60, p<0.001).

Conclusion: Postpartum depression is a problem affecting a considerable proportion of women attended primary health care centers in Taif within one year after delivery. Risk factors of PPD in the current study are comrable to others reported in studies carried out in various parts of the world.

Keywords: Postpartum Depression, primary health care centers, physical development.

Title: Prevalence of Postpartum Depression among Primary Health Care Centers Clients in Taif City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Author: Dr. Abdulrahim Ali Alghamdi, Dr. Abdullah Ahmed Albarqi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: In this reviews we provide the most recent information about diagnosis of thyroid nodules and discuss the efficiency of ultrasonography diagnosis, which is the first line test. We searched multiple electronic databases using a search strategy to find relevant studies related to our topic from inception to July 2018. Eligible studies included ultrasonography diagnosis thyroid nodules. Thyroid ultrasound need to be carried out in all patients with a presumed thyroid nodule or nodular goiter on physical exam or with nodules incidentally kept in mind on various other imaging research studies (carotid ultrasound, CT, MRI, or FDG-PET scan). Diagnosis and also therapy of thyroid nodules is extremely determinate by very early assessment, medical criteria applying US and also FNA as initial test. They should be practical, reliable and cost-effective.

Keywords: ultrasonography diagnosis, Thyroid ultrasound, carotid ultrasound, CT, MRI, FDG-PET scan).

Title: Ultrasonography Efficiency in detection of thyroid malignant nodules

Author: Mashael Abdulelah Al-Zaylae'e, Munira Mohammed Aldakheel, Saja Omar Bakhshwain, Shaima Mohammed Alghuraybi, Jumana Khalid Alansari, Juhaina Mohammed Shames Aldeen, Ghady Khaled Al-Sadiq, Rahik Azzam Alshawaf

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Osteoporosis is a comprehensive health problem in world wide. Knowledge assessment on osteoporosis risk factors and preventive measures, physical activity and adequate calcium intake among women is a better operational process to develop and implement health behavioral educational program. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the effect of an educational intervention based on Health Belief Model to improve knowledge regarding osteoporosis among female academician in Malaysia. A single blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted among 212 female academicians; intervention was conducted for 12 weeks; data was collected at baseline, immediately, one month and three months after intervention. Data was analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20. The mean age of participants was 37.1 years (SD=7.2) and majority of them were Malay (84%), married (88%) with tertiary education (90%). After intervention, from baseline to three months follow up there was a significant increase in the mean score of knowledge (20.7 - 28.3, p<0.001). Controlling for baseline socio-demographic data, the GLM model showed a significant difference between groups (F=1.73, p<0.001) and within groups for knowledge score (F=1.009, p<0.001). These results provided evidence for the effectiveness of an educational intervention in promoting osteoporosis knowledge which suggests that increase knowledge on osteoporosis can improve exercise and calcium intake even after three months of intervention, but policy should implement for long term intervention to sustain this effectiveness.

Keywords: Osteoporosis, Knowledge, Female, Health Belief Model, Malaysia.

Title: EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH BELIEF MODEL BASED EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION ON OSTEOPOROSIS KNOWLEDGE TEST AMONG FEMALE ACADEMICIAN IN MALAYSIA

Author: Amin, Samia, Abdul Rahman Hejar, Ismail Suriani, Zainal Abidin Emilia

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Parasitic infections such as Soil transmitted heminths and Plasmodium falciparum remain a call for concern in Cameron and other parts of Sub-Saharan Africa despite the efforts of various control programs. These diseases show similar geographic distributions and co-infections are common. Due to lack of information on pre-control endemicity levels of these diseases in Tombel health district of Cameroon, evaluation of disease control programs became difficult. We therefore designed this study to provide the scientific world and control program evaluators a reference point for their activities in this area. In a cross-sectional study involving 1083 participants (580 males and 503 females), finger-prick blood and fresh stool samples were collected from 1083 and 532 participants respectively. Blood and stool samples were examined using Geimsa stain and the Kato-Katz faecal technique to respectively diagnose P. falciparum and STHs. Questionnaire was used to obtain demographic, behavioural and socioeconomic data of the participants. Correlation models were used to test for association. The prevalence of STHs, malaria and co-infections were 10.2%, 33% and 7.1% respectively. Significantly higher prevalences of P. falciparum were recorded in the thick canopied forest communities of Ebonji and Ndom health areas as compared to those from less density forest areas. Prevalence and intensities of P. falciparum and STHs were higher in children 15 years and below. Correlation models revealed that living in typical rural communities and belonging in the age group 15 years and below were strongly positively associated with STHs infection(r = 0.62 and r = 0.85 respectively)and P. Falciparum infection (r = 0.71 and r = 0.80 respectively). Tombel health district was found to be hyperendemic for P. falciparum, with relatively low prevalence of STHs. Thus, still remain a call for concern. These baseline data will therefore serve as a reference point for the evaluation of various control programs targeting these infections.

Keywords: Endemicity, Tombel health district, co-infection, prevalence, soil transmitted helminths, P. falciparum.

Title: An assessment of the endemicity of Plasmodium falciparum and soil transmitted helminth infections in the Tombel health district of Cameroon:  Implications for monitoring the progress of disease control programs

Author: Laurantine Mutofor Nangah, Samuel Wanji, Winston Patrick Chounna Ndongmo, Dizzle Bita Tayong, Fabrice R. Datchoua Poutcheu, Jonas Arnaud Kengne-Ouafo, Nathalie Amvongo-Adjia, Eugene Bangwen Ndim, Anabel Chia

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The initial clozapine dose is 12.5 mg, increasing gradually to 300-400 mg/d, up to a licensed maximum of 900 mg/d. A plasma level of 350 μg/L should be aimed for to ensure an adequate trial, but response may occur at lower plasma level, depending on many factors including augmentation and Ethnicity, here we present the case of a 24-year-old Saudi male with refractory schizophrenia who responded to low dose of clozapine and lamotrigine augmentation.

Keywords: clozapine; lamotrigine; Treatment Resistance Schizophrenia.

Title: Low Dose Clozapine with Lamotrigine Augmentation in Treatment Resistance Schizophrenia: A Case Report

Author: Alkhamees Abdulmajeed

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Restorative oral treatments today truly encompass all the disciplines that dentistry has to offer in an incorporated inter-disciplinary method to accomplish optimal dental health, function and aesthetics for our patients. That's where our expertise and experience in all aspects of restorative dentistry along with the other disciplines assists us to achieve the best possible long-term outcomes for our patients. Naturally, dental implants, implant dentistry, periodontal treatment, aesthetic dentistry, orthodontics, endodontics, cosmetic dental treatments all play a crucial function in getting the very best outcomes for our patients. Restorative oral treatment may consist of a variety of treatments from tooth bleaching, braces, root treatments, fillings, crowns, bridges, veneers, plastic gum surgery, bone and gum restoring & grafting, and more! Dentistry has quickly developed throughout the last number of years, where innovative techniques have in fact altered the conventional treatment strategies as applications of brand-new oral products supply better outcomes, so the primary objective of this evaluation is to list and separate the New Techniques and Treatment Methods in Restorative Dentistry.

Keywords: dental treatments, plastic gum surgery, patients, Treatment Methods, Restorative Dentistry.

Title: An Up-to-date Systematic Review of the New Techniques and Treatment Methods in Restorative Dentistry

Author: Doaa Makki Alharbi, Waad mosaad Almugren

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Successful treatment of mandible fractures represents an anatomic bony union with repair of typical occlusion and function. Mandibular fractures might be either dealt with conservatively or with open decrease and internal fixation. The concepts of management of mandibular fractures differ in children. While in adults, absolute reduction and fixation of fractures is suggested, minimal adjustment of facial skeleton is mandated in children. The objective of fracture management is to restore the underlying bony architecture to preinjury position, in a stable style, as noninvasively as possible, with minimal recurring esthetic and functional disability. Mandibular fractures are reasonably less regular in children when compared with adults, which might be because of the child's safeguarded anatomic features and irregular exposure of children to alcohol associated traffic mishaps. The primary goal of this review is to discuss the management and problems of mandible fractures in children.

Keywords: Pediatric Mandible Fractures, children. Treatment, typical occlusion.

Title: The Management and complications of mandible Fracture in children

Author: Hanadi Ahmed Al-Nashri

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Aesthetic appeals of the orofacial region are crucial elements of human life. They might affect the quality of a patient's life. Among the most crucial objectives of dental care is assisting patients in their efforts to reach an acceptable level of satisfaction with their mouth and dentition. The primary goal is to determine participants' complete satisfaction with appearance and the preferred treatment to improve aesthetics.

Keywords: Patients Satisfaction, Orofacial region, Aesthetics.

Title: PATIENTS SATISFACTION WITH DENTAL APPEARANCE AND THEIR DESIRED TREATMENT TO IMPROVE AESTHETICS

Author: Fahd Mansour Al-Mutairi, Waleed Alluhayyan, Khalid Almutairi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Considering that the initial implantation of an artificially developed valve in the human circulatory system by Hufnage in 1953, the range of prosthetic gadgets used for used by the cardiovascular plastic surgeon has actually broadened substantially. Technologic improvement has actually resulted not only in the development of brand-new prostheses, however similarly in serial adjustments in style and building of those presently in use. Bioprosthetic valves (see the image listed below) utilized in heart valve replacement normally provide functional homes (eg, hemodynamics, resistance to apoplexy) that are more similar to those of native valves. Implantation of prosthetic heart valves to deal with hemodynamically substantial aortic or mitral valve disease has actually become significantly common. This assessment will examine the development and differential advantages of replacement heart valves currently readily offered, in addition to use some perspective on those devices no longer is used.

Keywords: human circulatory system, prosthetic gadgets, plastic surgeon, Technologic improvement.

Title: The Use Valve Prosthesis in case of Mitral Valve Stenosis and Regurgitation

Author: Abdulelah Naif Al-Enzi, Waad Hassan Albadrani, Rakan Saleh Alghumiz, Abrar Ahmad Marei Asiri, Abdulaziz Khaled Arar AlDosari, Abdulaziz Ali Saleh AlMufadhi, Yazeed Mohammed AlSulaimani

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The relationship between quality of life and family functions have been mentioned in many aspects. The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of the functionality of the family in the quality of life of urban society and to determine the variables related to both dimensions.

Methods: This community based cross-sectional study by self-administered instrument was conducted to investigate the factors associated with quality of life and relationship between quality of life and family function among urban society, Bangkok; capital of  Thailand

Result: The finding showed that 88% most of the 390 participants had average quality of life score 83.14(10.57). Higher QOL was significantly associated with following factors; age < 55 years, completing junior secondary school or above (educational level more than 9 years), employment, reporting no health problem or stressful life event and having good family functioning. Based on the results of the stepwise regression model, the educational level, employment, health problem, stressful event and family functioning variables were able to predict 26% of variance of the quality of life in participants (P <0.01). There was  relationship between family function and quality of life showed significant difference in quality of life between high score and low score of quality of life included Problem solving, Communication, Roles, Affective response and General function(p=0.00), except in Affective involvement and Behavior control p=0.42 and  p= 0.64 respectively.

Conclusions: The findings from this study revealed that Thai adult urban society has WHOQOL-BREF average moderate quality of life. There was relationship between family function and quality of life almost all dimensions of family function significant difference in quality of life between high score and low score of quality of life included Problem solving, Communication, Roles, Affective response and General function in urban society of Bangkok Thailand.

Keywords: quality of life, WHOQOL-BREF, family functioning, urban society.

Title: A Community-Based Study on Quality of Life and Family Function among Urban Society Bangkok, Capital of Thailand

Author: Suchat Supphapitiphon, Siriluck Suppapitiporn

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is common although the prevalence varies widely with age, gender and the presence or absence of genitourinary abnormalities. ASB has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) especially in the presence of risk factors and may actually represent the beginning of symptomatic UTI. This study therefore sought to determine the burden of ASB and sensitivity pattern of isolates in primary school children in Enugu. 

Methodology: This was a cross-sectional descriptive survey involving apparently healthy primary school children aged 6 to 12 years. A pre-tested, care-giver administered questionnaire was used to obtain information about the participants including age, sex, history of fever and antibiotic usage in the two weeks preceding the study. Following a clinical examination, a sample of spot mid-stream urine was collected from each participant for dipstick urinalysis and urine microscopy and culture.

Results: Out of the 400 children, 175 (43.75%) were males and 225 (56.25%) were females. The mean age of the children was 10.13 ± 1.81 years.14.25% (57/400) of children had ASB, with gender specific prevalence of 13.7% (24/175) and 14.7% (33/225) for males and females respectively. The prevalence of ASB was higher among the early adolescents (14.4%) and lower in the pre-adolescents (13.6%). Escherichia coli (43.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus (22.8%) were the most common organisms isolated.

Conclusion: The prevalence of ASB is high in primary school children in Enugu, higher in females with Escherichia coli as the commonest bacterial isolate. Routine evaluation of these children for bacteriuria is recommended.

Keywords: Asymptomatic bacteriuria, Primary school children, Prevalence.

Title: ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA IN HEALTHY PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN ENUGU, NIGERIA

Author: Chime Paschal, Chukwu Barth, Mbanefo Ngozi, Bisi-Onyemaechi Adaobi, Chikani Ugo, Obu Herbert, Okafor Henrietta

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is otherwise called as ischemic heart disease, it is primarily occurs in patients above the age of 40, younger men and women also can be involved. Very few of them have shown to have greater than one vessel coronary artery disease. Presence or absence of cardiovascular risk factors regardless of age should be the key factor in making a decision to perform a coronary angiography and full cardiovascular workup.  One or more lesions in each of the three major coronary arteries (LAD, CX and RCA) are called as triple vessel disease. We report here 69 old male, known diabetic, presented with complained of chest pain. Troponin I high sensitivity: 2911, ECG taken revealed acute inferior wall myocardial infarction. Echo done revealed minimal hypokinesis apical inferior wall of LV, normal systolic function, LVEF: 59%, Grade I LV Diastolic dysfunction, No mitral regurgitation, aortic valve sclerosis (+) and was ultimately diagnosed with triple vessel coronary artery disease by Coronary Angiography Right Femoral Percutaneous approach using Contrast Medium (Omnipaque).

Keywords: Acute inferior wall myocardial infarction, Angiography, Right Femoral Percutaneous approach, LAD, CX and RCA.

Title: Diagnosis of Triple Vessel Disease by Coronary Angiography Right Femoral Percutaneous approach using Contrast Medium - Omnipaque

Author: Yuvaraj Sampathkumar, M.Dinakaran

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The relationship between employee readiness and turnover intentions was investigated among (N = 48) supervisors and (N = 192) subordinates, men and women between the ages 18 to 65, randomly selected from four randomly selected hospitals within the southern region of the United States. Instrumentation for the study included the Blanchard, Hersey and Hambleton (1977) Readiness Scale, the Jackofsky and Slocum’s (1987) Turnover Intent Scale, and Demographic questionnaire. Statistical analysis using SPSS 24 software included Pearson correlation, Paired t – test, Independent t – test, and Descriptive statistics. Results of the paired t-test failed to show any significant differences between Staff Rated Total Readiness (SRTR) and Supervisor Rated Total Readiness (SRTR). However, an independent sample t - test revealed a statistically significant difference between the mean scores in Total Readiness (TR) for clinical and nonclinical staff. A Pearson correlation matrix for Staff Rated Job Readiness (SRJR), Staff Rated Psychological Readiness (SRPR), and Staff Rated Total readiness (SRTR); and Supervisor Rated Staff Job Readiness (SSRJR), Supervisor Rated Psychological Readiness (SSRPR), and Supervisor Rated Total Readiness (SSRTR), and Turnover Intentions (TI) revealed sufficient evidence of a significant positive correlation between Staff Self-Rated Job Readiness (SRJR) and Staff Self-Rated Psychological Readiness (SRPR) ( r = .837, p = .000; Supervisor Rated Staff Job Readiness (SRSJR) and Supervisor Rated Psychological Readiness (SRPR) r = .843, p = .000; Staff Self-Rated Job Readiness (SRJR) and Supervisor Rated Staff Psychological Readiness (SRPR) r = .832, p = .000. In terms of turnover intent, there was significant negative correlation between Job Readiness, Psychological Readiness, Total Readiness and Turnover Intent [TI – SRJR (r = –.143, p = .026), TI – SRPR (r = – .133, p = .040), TI – SSRJR (r = –.140, p = .030), TI – SSRPR (r = –.137, p = .034)] among employees.

Keywords: Turnover Intentions, Leadership Style, Psychological Readiness, Employee Readiness.

Title: Employee Readiness and Turnover Intent: A Critical Examination of Hospital Employees

Author: Dr. David Augustine Bull

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Babies come into the world heralding the good news that human species with all its diversities and complexities is going good. These journeys from two cells to newborn brings happiness to those around but some unfortunate babies born with birth defects. Basic obstetric care involves intra natal developmental and functional well being of new born. Desire to have a normal baby a variety of screening modalities are experimented and applied in routine practice Ultrasound examination provides an accurate and safe clinical assessment of the gravid uterus throughout pregnancy.

Keywords: Ultrasonography, sound wave, birth defects, obstetric care, reproductive healthcare.

Title: Obstetrics Sonography: A comprehensive screening approach for basic reproductive health of mothers

Author: Trupti Joshi, Rakesh Raval, Piyush Joshi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

Research Publish Journals