Vol 6 Issue 4 October 2018-December 2018

Abstract: A quantitative analysis of the diurnal variation of activity budget of a free ranging group of Golden lagur (Trachypithecus geei) was carried out to find out the time allotment in various activities throughout the day time. The study was conducted in Chakrashila WLS of Assam during July, 2016 to June, 2017. The study group spent a highest of 23.5% on feeding followed by 20.1% on monitoring, 19.6% on locomotion, 12% on resting, 11.1% on grooming, 6.6% on play and remaining 7.3% on other behaviour.  Study on the diurnal variation of the activity profile showed that the group had bimodal peak on feeding activity during morning and evening hour, but less feeding activities during mid-day. Locomotion always coincides with feeding activity throughout the day. Less time spent on resting activity during morning in comparison to time spent during mid day and evening hours. Interestingly, three distinct peak of grooming recorded during morning, mid-day and evening hour. It clearly indicates that foraging might be the most crucial factor responsible for the variation in the diurnal activity profiles. In forest, as the food was randomly distributed, the group cost-effectively arranged their total time and spent more time on foraging, locomotion and resting and less time in grooming, monitoring and play activities. These findings clearly demonstrated that nature of distribution of food resource is the guiding force for allocating time to various activities in different habitats.

Keywords: Golden langur, Trachypithecus geei, activity budget, diurnal variation.

Title: Diurnal activity budgeting of Golden langur (Trachypithecus geei) in Chakrashila Wildlife Sanctuary of Assam, India

Author: Anindita Bhattacharya, Surat Zamal, Prabal Sarkar

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Barleria acuminata Ness belongs to the family Acanthaceae which is endemic distribution. Presence of this plant in pachamalai hills a part of Eastern Ghats, located in Tiruchirappalli District of Tamil Nadu, India. The rbcL gene is widely used in systematic studies to resolve divergences at many taxonomic levels. The collected B. acuminata were subjected to sequence analysis of rbcL gene and the same was deposited in Gene Bank and an accession number has been assigned for the same (Accession No. KR337263). The data was further analyzed for the construction of neighbor joining tree and to infer the evolutionary divergence among the maximum identical sequences retrieved from NCBI Gene Bank through BLAST search. The results of the search revealed that the rbcL sequence of B. acuminata has not been sequenced earlier from any part of this world. It is obvious that the rbcL sequence of B. acuminata may be used for the identification of this species reported from any part of the world through BLAST analysis if the identical sequences are submitted to Gene Bank in future.

Keywords: rbcL gene, Gene Bank, Barleria acuminate. 

Title: DNA BARCODING STUDY ON Barleria acuminata Ness AN ENDEMIC MEDICINAL PLANT OF PACHAMALAI HILLS, TIRUCHIRAPPALLI, TAMIL NADU, INDIA

Author: V. Karthikeyan, A. Baskaran, C. Sebastian Rajasekaran

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Traditional crops were frequently cultivated before two decades in hilly areas of Uttarakhand and economy of the local peoples depends on the production of these crops. But now a day’s migration and climate change is two major problems which affecting the farming system of these crops. When people migrate, their lands quickly turn barren because weeds and shrubs take root and are difficult to remove. Even peoples who are staying there, they are not interested to do the farming of such crops due to typical geographical situation. They depend on market for rice and wheat.   

Some indigenous crops i.e Amarantus hypochondriacus, Eleusine coracana, Echinochloa  frumentacea, Setaria italica and Fagopyrum tataricum were selected for the present investigation. Chemical compositions i.e. protein, carbohydrates, mineral, fiber etc. of all the selected crops have been analyzed and their nutrient percentage was compared with rice and wheat. Study showed that the nutrition percentage in indigenous crops was higher than rice and wheat. Maximum 410±22.0 kilo calorie energy was observed in Amarathus hypochondriacus in comparison to wheat (346±21.34) and rice (345±21.33). Calcium (222±11.78 mg/100gm) and iron percentage (13.9±.99mg/100gm) was also higher recorded in same crop. However protein percentage in Fogopyrum tataricum was higher (12±.98gm/100gm) in comparison to wheat (11.8±.97) and rice (6.8±.09gm/100gm). Overall higher nutrient content was recorded in selected millets in comparison to wheat and rice.

Keywords: Migration, Setaria italica, protein, carbohydrates and nutrition.

Title: Comparative study of some Indigenous crops with cereals (wheat and rice) in hilly areas of Uttarakhand (Western Himalaya) with special reference to their nutrients,

Author: P S Chauhan, MPS Parmar, Suman Bisht

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Fatigue during pregnancy reduces quality-of-life and can predict cesarean delivery after controlling for age and obstetrical risks Physical inactivity, increased weight and alterations in the pulmonary functions cause feeling of low energy and fatigue amongst pregnant women, which hampers their quality of life. This is the first time intervention to investigate the effect of inspiratory muscle training and compare it with Diaphragmatic breathing exercises. This study was done to compare the effect of Inspiratory Muscle Training and Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises on fatigue during pregnancy. The present study was done on a sample size of 12 pregnant women, who were randomly divided between two groups. One group received Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) and another received Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise (DBE). The outcome measure was fatigue, which was analysed at baseline and after the intervention of 4 weeks. The result of the present study concludes that Inspiratory muscle training was found to be beneficial to reduce fatigue during pregnancy.

Keywords: Inspiratory Muscle Training, Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises, Pregnancy.

Title: Impact of Inspiratory Muscle Training versus Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises on Fatigue during Pregnancy

Author: Mamta Amola, Dr. Sonia Pawaria, Dr. Tabassum Saher

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Nature has ensured the nutrition of every organism, in the field of crop ecosystem where hundreds of species have harmful pests, disease-causing micro-organisms exist, and on the other hand beneficial friends of farming insect and useful Micro-organisms such as Fungal, Bacteria, Viruses and these harmful pests of sophisticated farming receive nutrition from pathogenic Micro-organisms and like a peaceful soldier play an important role in pest management.

Keywords: Fungal, Bacteria, Viruses, pathogenic Micro-organisms, Bio-Fertilizer.

Title: Study to Effect of pseudomonas fluorescence and Organic Matter on capsicum annum as a Bio-Fertilizer

Author: Ms. Harsha Sharma

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The present study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of isolated bioactive compound from the ethanolic leaves extract of Erythrina indica. Bioactive fraction was identified as 13Docosenamide,(Z). Dosage dependent antibacterial activity of 13Docosenamide,(Z)  was assessed against clinical isolates such as gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Vibrio parahemolyticus and Vibrio cholera). It was observed that, 13Docosenamide,(Z) was able to inhibit Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi completely at 400µg/ml concentration. Above 79% inhibition was seen in Vibrio parahemolyticus and Vibrio cholera and less than 50% inhibition was observed in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis with the maximum tested concentration of 400µg/ml. Among the tested microorganisms Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus were not inhibited by the 13Docosenamide,(Z). This study confirmed the antibacterial effect of isolated compound against selected microorganisms establishing the medicinal activity of Erythrina indica.

Keywords: Erythrina indica, ethanol extract, 13Docosenamide,(Z), Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi, Vibrio parahemolyticus and Vibrio cholera.

Title: Evaluation of antibacterial activity of bioactive compound from ethanolic leaves extract of Erythrina indica

Author: R.Priya, S.Maneemegalai

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Petrochemical wastes discharged to waterways result in a variety of pollution problems. It contains high quantities of dissolved and suspended solids, organic and inorganic chemicals, high BOD and COD, oils and grease, besides toxic metals which causes deleterious effects on the fresh water fish when discharged into water bodies. Biochemical changes are being used as indicators in the measurement of health conditions and toxicological symptoms of organisms. The body components like protein, carbohydrate and lipid play a significant role in body construction and energy production. They are involved in major physiological events and therefore the assessment of biochemical can be considered as diagnostic tool to determine the physiological phases of organisms. The acute toxicity of the petrochemical effluent on the fingerlings of  Labeo rohita was evaluated to determine its effect on the biochemical values. The fish was exposed to varying levels of the toxicant concentrations using static bioassay to determine the median lethal concentration. The LC₅₀ value is 30 ml the fish was exposed to different hours (24, 48, 72 and 96 hours) in lethal concentration of petrochemical effluent. Biochemical characteristics like Protein, Carbohydrate and Lipid were estimated in gill, liver, kidney and muscle. The decrease of biochemical constituents from the control was noted. The results are statistically analysed and most of the values found to be significant.

Keywords: Protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Petrochemical effluent, Labeo rohita.

Title: EFFECT OF PETROCHEMICAL EFFLUENT ON BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN THE FRESH WATER FISH, LABEO ROHITA

Author: Mohan Kumar. M, Binu Kumari. S, Sruthi Gopinathan, Sujila. T, Drishya. M. K

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Calophyllum inophyllum is a large evergreen plant, low-branching and slow-growing tree with a broad and irregular crown and it is native to Africa, southern coastal India. It is best known as an ornamental plant, trees often grow in coastal regions, as well as nearby lowland forests. The oil was extracted from dried seeds of Calophyllum inophyllum using Soxhlet extraction column and used as carbon source for the growth of Cupriavidus necator. This organism was fed in batch mode and the culture was utilized for the production of Polyhydroxybutarate (PHB). The microorganism was procured from MTCC Chandigarh [MTCC No-1472]. The fermentation time for the production of PHB was observed to be 72hr. The intracellular PHB from the cells was extracted using various organic solvents and analyzed using Fourier Transform Infra-red spectroscopy [FTIR] and the peaks are compared with the standard peaks.

Title: Production Of PHB From Cupriavidus Necator Using Calophyllum inophyllum seed oil as Carbon Source

Author: Likitha reddy.V, Namratha.V, Dr.Sarada.B

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: This study presents degradation of lignocellulosic waste product from coir yarn industry – Coir pith using Oscillatoria annae. Degradation produced brown colored supernatant (cyanospray) and residue (cyanopith). The partially degraded coir pith (cyanopith) was converted into organic manure with the addition of jiwamrita. Morphological characteristics, functional group and the quality of cyanopith mixed with Jiwamrita in three different particle sizes were identified by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), FTIR and HPLC analysis. Results indicated surface area modifications, presence of lignin derived compounds and the functional groups during the composting process. The minimum sized particle 0.01-0.1mm showed a significant variation than the other particle sizes on 30th day.

Keywords: Lignin, Degradation, Cyanopith, Cyanospray, Jiwamrita, Manure.

Title: Biodegradation of lignocellulosic waste using Cyanobacteria and development of organic manure

Author: Jenny Sivakumar, Malliga Perumal

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The present preliminary study is undertaken to focus on the zooplankton diversity in Kamalavati River, Sedam taluka, Kalaburagi district Karnataka. During the month January 2016 to December 2016. In present investigation total 27 different groups of zooplankton species were identified, among them rotifers are 18 species, cladocera are 06 species and copepods are 03 species.

Keywords: Zooplanktons, diversity, sedam, species.

Title: PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF ZOOPLANKTON DIVERSITY OF KAMALAVATI RIVER, SEDAM TALUKA, KALABURAGI DISTRICT, KARNATAKA

Author: Prabhavati, Somanath Reddy C. Patil, Vijayakumar K.

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The present paper deals with the medicinal plants used by the people of Challakeretaluk, Chitradurga district for curing different types of ailments caused by the microbes including some inanimate diseases. A total of 65 plants belongs to 62 families have been documented here for their therapeutic use against different ailments. The herbal prescriptions were prepared from various plant parts of single plant or combination of different plants. The majority of the preparation was made by using water as one of the medium. The mode of application was topical, but in many cases it was also administered orally along with different adjuvants. Viz. cow milk, ghee, honey, curd butter milk and butter, coconut oil etc. were also documented through this study. All the collected plants were also made herbarium and deposited in the Department of Botany, Davanagere University, Davanagere for future study.

Keywords: Tradition Folk; medicine; ailments; plants.

Title: Folklore Medicinal Plants of Challakere Taluk of Chitradurga District Karnataka India

Author: Lakshmana, Swetha, Dwaraknath V, Shravana Kumar S

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The chemical composition of fish varies from species to species. Knowledge on chemical constituent is very essential in order to compare the constituent’s value of raw and dried fishes. It is also necessary to have data on the chemical composition of fish in order to make the best use of them as food and in order to develop technology of processing fish and fish products. Present investigation was carried to find out the proximate composition of four edible freshwater fishes collected from Charon beel, Morigaon District, Assam, India. The work was directed towards the study of proximate composition of fresh and salt dried edible freshwater fishes Chanda nama, Amblypharyngodon mola, Channa punctatus, and Trichogaster fasciatus and compared the effect of drying on the nutritive value of fishes. In both fresh and dry fishes, proximate analysis targeted the determination of the percentage of moisture, ash, protein, fat and carbohydrate. The results of fresh fishes found that the moisture content was 76.01±0.71% in Chanda nama, 75.23±0.445% in Amblypharyngodon mola, 79.88±0.281% in Channa punctatus and 76.85±0.23% in Trichogaster fasciatus; ash content was 4.73±0.233% in Chanda nama, 4.03±0.212% in Amblypharyngodon mola, 2.21±0.117% in Channa punctatus and 5.56±0.179% in Trichogaster fasciatus; the protein content was 15.81±0.22% in Chanda nama, 18.1±0.31% in Amblypharyngodon mola, 19.01±0.243% in Channa punctatus and 16.1±0.155% in Trichogaster fasciatus; fat content was 4.12±0.121% in Chanda nama, 4.59±0.24% in Amblypharyngodon mola, 0.317±0.112% in Channa punctatus and 2.77±0.16% in Trichogaster fasciatus and carbohydrate was 1.61±0.482% in Chanda nama, 1.57±0.615% in Amblypharyngodon mola, 0.98±0.51% in Channa punctatus and 1.43±0.34% in Trichogaster fasciatus. The results of salted and sundried fishes revealed that the moisture content was 75.22±0.756% in Chanda nama, 74.18±0.581% in Amblypharyngodon mola, 79.14±0.270% in Channa punctatus and 76.38±0.192% in Trichogaster fasciatus; ash content was 4.44±0.241% in Chanda nama, 3.16±0.270% in Amblypharyngodon mola, 1.16±0.114% in Channa punctatus and 5.06±0.167% in Trichogaster fasciatus; the protein content of Chanda nama, Amblypharyngodon mola, Channa punctatus and Trichogaster fasciatus was 15.12±0.13%, 17.14±0.207%, 18.5±0.265%, and 15.2±0.158% respectively. The fat content was 3.5±0.223% in Chanda nama, 3.22±0.192% in Amblypharyngodon mola, 0.26±0.114% in Channa punctatus and 2.13±0.159% in Trichogaster fasciatus; Carbohydrate content of Chanda nama, Amblypharyngodon mola, Channa punctatus and Trichogaster fasciatus was 1.52±0.563%, 1.3±0.628%, 0.94±0.498% and 1.06±0.336% respectively. Statistical analysis also shows that the fat content was significantly decreased in all the dried fishes but the other parameters such as moisture, ash, protein and carbohydrate showed no significant differences. The examined fresh and dried fishes contains highly appreciable amounts of moisture, ash, protein, fat and less amounts of carbohydrate suggested that the experimental fish species can be used as good sources of nutrients.

Keywords: Proximate composition, Fresh, Salted, Sundried freshwater fishes, Morigaon, Assam, India.

Title: Studies on proximate composition of four edible fresh and salt-dried freshwater fishes

Author: Rijuana Ahmed, Dr. A.Q.Osmani, Dr. B.Kalita.

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: Proteins and other products from bacteria are becoming increasingly relevant in anticancer treatment due to their high specificity and minimal side effects. Azurin is a novel anticancer protein mainly produced from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and some Gram negative bacteria.  This study was conducted on ten Pseudomonas isolates from the biodiversity rich Western Ghats region of Kerala, India. Here, after confirming the presence of anticancer compounds using trypan blue exclusion assay on DLA (Daltons Lymphoma Ascites) cell lines, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate showing the highest cytotoxic activity was chosen for further studies. The identity of the organism was confirmed by biochemical and molecular characteristics. The identified isolate has been designated as Pseudomonas aeruginosa SSj and the 16S rRNA partial sequence was deposited in Genbank (accession number KU821118). The presence of azurin encoding (azu) gene in SSj strain is confirmed using PCR amplification and its sequence is deposited in GenBank (KU821119). The partially purified azurin is studied using FTIR spectrum in comparison with azurin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC2453 and standard azurin (Sigma). The strain SSj is identified as potential azurin producer and a promising nominee for biomedical applications.

Keywords: Cancer, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacterial protein, azurin, FTIR.

Title: Characterization of anticancer compound azurin from indigenous isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa SSj

Author: Sereena .M.C, Denoj Sebastian

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The current research work was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Actiniopteris radiata, which have been using for treatment for different ailment. The root was chosen for the preparation of extracts using maceration process with hexane, ethyl acetate and hydro-alcoholic solvents successively. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using cup plate methods on different infectious bacterial species (gram +ve and gram –ve) of prepared extracts at different concentrations. The results were showed as zones of inhibition (in mm) for each contraction. The extracts showed more activity on gram –ve species analyzed with gram +ve and hydro-alcoholic extract showed better inhibition on tested bacteria compared to hexane and ethyl acetate extracts. The extracts possess more inhibition on Escheichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results of the current study supports the traditional use of Actiniopteris radiata and evidence for inhibition if infectious bacterial strains. Further studies are worth full in identification of phytochemical profile and their mechanism of action. 

Keywords: Actiniopteris radiata, Bacteria, Roots, Zone of inhibition.

Title: Evaluation of In-vitro Antibacterial activity of Actiniopteris radiata

Author: K. Gouri Sankar, B. S. Venkateswarlu

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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Abstract: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of vermicompost, compost, foliage mix and urea on the growth of selected plants. In our investigation two earthworm species Eisenia foetida and Eudrilus eugeniae converted leaf litter into vermicompost. Household kitchen waste converted to compost was also used. Foliage mix and urea were procured from the local market.. The efficacy of the potting mixtures on plant growth was evaluated. The effect of vermicompost leachate on the growth of onion root tips was also observed.

Keywords: Vermicompost, vermicompost leachate, Pit compost, foliage mix, urea.

Title: A Comparative Study of the effect of different Potting mixtures on the growth of Zea mays L. and Trigonella foenum- graecum L.

Author: Sitavi Yathiender, Sathya. A, Josna Joseph, Madonna John, Anitha. A

International Journal of Life Sciences Research

ISSN 2348-313X (Print), ISSN 2348-3148 (online)

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