Vol 6 Issue 1 April 2018-September 2018

Abstract: Entrepreneurship is increasingly recognized as an important driver of economic growth, productivity, innovation and employment, and it is widely accepted as a key aspect of economic dynamism. Transforming ideas into business opportunities is the decisive issue of entrepreneurship. Several researchers have done much to find the traits or skills of entrepreneurs   for   their   success   and/or   failure.  In   the   recent   times   in Rwanda, there has been much focus on women development, and empowerment. This study centered specifically to women of Rugero village some of whom have created businesses, while others are not. The overall objective of this study was to analyze the state of entrepreneurial skills among women and achievements in Rugero village. Specific objectives; were to identify   the   entrepreneurial   skills   of   women, to examine the changes in skills and qualities of women entrepreneurs after undertaking entrepreneurship, to analyze the changes in status of women entrepreneurs after undertaking entrepreneurship, and to offer suggestions on the light of the findings. Theoretical Review was undertaken for the purpose of examining the body of theory that has accumulated in regard to an issue, concept, theory or phenomena, Both Quantitative and qualitative approaches have been applied in this research and primary and secondary data were analyzed, 60 respondents were asked using interview guided and results are presented in their respective tables. Findings are consistent with literature, the same as other parts of the world, negative perception on Management of money, paying taxes, Fear of failure, Lack of capital, Lack of self-confidence and culture are the major obstacles that hinder women in Rugero village from starting businesses. These women are giving advices to their colleagues who are doing business to encourage other women and girls to start their businesses, proper marketing their products in order to expand their businesses, to keep learn from the experienced entrepreneurs, and to focus on the most preferable products for their customers. Recommendations given including that formal institutions should be decentralized, for example at sector level so that people can easily acquire knowledge and skills, especially those who did not attend formal education to the sufficient level.

Keywords: Women entrepreneurship, empowerment, traits, skills, achievement.

Title: STATE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS AMONG WOMEN AND THEIR ACHIEVEMENTS IN RWANDA

Author: HABAGUHIRWA Jeremie

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study analyzed the social economic benefits of public participation based on the substantive quality of decisions made, resolving conflicts among competing interests, building trust in institutions of governance and educating and informing the public within Makueni County. Cross-sectional primary data was collected using structured questionnaires from a representative sample of 120 respondents across Makueni County. Both qualitative and quantitative aspects were acquired: secondary data from publications was used to augment data collected by the use of structured questionnaires. Three theories of public participation namely; citizenship and rights based perspective and the communicative action theory.  Data collected during the study was entered into a database, coded and analyzed. Descriptive, Bivariate and multivariate analysis were also performed using SPSS and other Microsoft packages such as excel. After analysis, the information was presented using tables, graphs and charts since they allowed easy comparison. Finally, the study came up with policy recommendations out of the research carried out.

Keywords: Governance, Participation, Devolved System, Service Delivery.

Title: ROLE OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN SERVICE DELIVERY IN THE DEVOLVED SYSTEM OF COUNTY GOVERNMENTS: A CASE STUDY OF MAKUENI COUNTY

Author: Ngalu Fridah, Dr. Jane Omwenga

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Sustainability is a challenging aspect in project management, especially in developing countries. Millions of dollars in form of donor funds are wasted in expenditure on projects whose outcomes are no longer felt once donor funds are ceased. This study aims to determine the influence of project management process on the sustainability of donor funded health projects among NGOs in Nairobi County. The influence of Stakeholders participation was used to assess sustainability of donor funded health projects among NGOs. Adopting an extensive review of primary sources of data relevant to the projects the study adopted resource based and stakeholders’ theories. The study focused on health projects implemented between the years 2013 and 2017 and the researcher used descriptive survey design. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires. The target population was all project managers working in the 379 NGOs implementing health projects in Nairobi County. Simple random sampling method was used to sample 195 project managers in NGOS implementing donor funded health projects in Nairobi County. Data collection tools were piloted among NGOs that were implementing health projects in Nairobi County but were not part of the sample population. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to measure the relationship between project management process and project sustainability. The regression analysis yielded a coefficient of R value of 0.688a and R2 =0.474.Similarly the overall model showed a statistically significant influence of stakeholder participation on project sustainability (p< 0.001). Having achieved the objective, the study rejected the null hypothesis and accepted the alternate hypothesis that stakeholder participation has a significant influence on sustainability of donor funded NGO projects in Nairobi County.

Keywords: Project, stakeholder participation, project sustainability, Non-Governmental Organization.

Title: INFLUENCE OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESS ON SUSTAINABILITY OF DONOR FUNDED HEALTH PROJECTS AMONG NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN NAIROBI COUNTY

Author: Rispa Chelagat Kimeli, Dr. Clive Mukanzi

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study sought to identify the strategic drivers influencing reshoring decision among manufacturing multinational corporations in Kenya and was guided by the following research objectives; finding out extent to which production cost, product quality, operational flexibility, reduced time to market and hidden cost influenced production reshoring decision. It also considered the moderating effect of market condition on reshoring decision. The study adopted cross sectional design and census method targeting 96 manufacturing multinational corporations drawn from membership of Kenya Association of Manufacturers with a response rate of 88.9%. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, multicollinearity test, ANOVA test and logistic regression test were carried out for each variable. Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 24 was used as the tool for data analysis. The study found out that product quality have positive influence on production reshoring decision. The combined effect of all independent variables and the moderating variable reflected a positive effect of 78.9% on the dependent variable. The study model was also found to be the optimal model for the study. The major recommendations from the study was to improve capacity to service unique customer orders. Finally, the government should strengthen intellectual property laws and enhance their enforcement to reduce incidences of counterfeit products. This would improve overall Kenyan manufacturing entities competitiveness and reduced unfair competition from counterfeit products.

Title: PRODUCT QUALITY INFLUENCING PRODUCTION RESHORING DECISION AMONG MANUFACTURING MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS IN KENYA

Author: James Gatundu, Prof. Margaret Oloko, Dr. Nicholas Letting, Dr. James Kahiri

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study sought to identify the strategic drivers influencing reshoring decision among manufacturing multinational corporations in Kenya and was guided by the following research objective, finding out extent to which production cost influenced production reshoring decision. It also considered the moderating effect of market condition on reshoring decision. The study adopted cross sectional design and census method targeting 96 manufacturing multinational corporations drawn from membership of Kenya Association of Manufacturers with a response rate of 88.9%. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, multicollinearity test, ANOVA test and logistic regression test were carried out for each variable. Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 24 was used as the tool for data analysis. The study found out that production cost have positive influence on production reshoring decision. The combined effect of all independent variables and the moderating variable reflected a positive effect of 78.9% on the dependent variable. The study model was also found to be the optimal model for the study. The major recommendations from the study include: policy interventions Kenyan government on manufacturing labour and energy costs in order to realize the aspirations of Kenya’s Vision 2030 on industrialization; investment in agile manufacturing by MNCs to increase operational flexibility, improve capacity to service unique customer orders, short production runs and overall operational efficiency; investment in supportive infrastructure to improve supply chain efficiencies and enable manufacturing entities improve on customer responsiveness and overall competitiveness of the sector.

Title: PRODUCTION COST INFLUENCING PRODUCTION RESHORING DECISION AMONG MANUFACTURING MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS IN KENYA

Author: James Gatundu, Prof. Margaret Oloko, Dr. Nicholas Letting, Dr. James Kahiri

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: There is a general credit that inability to pay agriculturists' normal extra has been because of general poor management and additionally the high expense in producing and long and wasteful production network. This has raised many questions on the management of risks in finance within Factories. The study aimed at investigating how credit risk management affects the financial performance. The study utilized descriptive research design comprising a population of 80 managers together with the accountants. Simple random sampling method was used in selecting the sample size. Questionnaires were used in collecting data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The credit risk management has a positive and significant relationship on performance of SMEs. The study therefore recommends that the management of these factories should include experts in financial issues to advice on how to avoid occurrence of financial risks so as to enhance the financial performance.

Keywords: Credit Risk Management, Financial Performance.

Title: EFFECTS OF CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SMALL SCALE TEA FACTORIES IN KERICHO AND BOMET COUNTIES IN KENYA

Author: Rosemary Chelangat, Dr. CHARLES TIBBS

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study investigated the influences of community participation on sustainability of community operated water projects in central Nyakach sub-county, Kisumu, Kenya. Using a cross-sectional survey design to collect both quantitative and qualitative data with a sample size of 25 with descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and means used to describe the collected data and determine the relationships between the independent and dependent variables.It is concluded that community members’ participation in all the project phases from planning through to the building and management of the community water projects would enhance ownership and ultimately sustainability. The researcher recommends that developments partners allow the community prioritize water projects and be involved from the onset, through budgeting, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation since their concerns are intrinsic to the project’s success.

Keywords: Community participation, sustainability of community water projects.

Title: Influences of Community Participation on Sustainability of Community Operated Water Projects in Central Nyakach Sub- County, Kisumu, Kenya

Author: Nyakwaka, S., Muronga, K. B., Muvumbi, F.

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The construction industry is truly the engine of national economy through which the total of physical development is achieved. The construction industry is a vital element of the economy and has a significant effect on the efficiency and productivity of other industry sectors. One cannot think of widespread investment in manufacturing, agriculture, or service sectors unless the construction results of infrastructure facilities are in place. In some of the developing countries, the growth rate of construction activity outstrips that of population and of GDP (Chitkara, 2004).

Cost, time, and quality are used to measure the accomplishing it within specified cost, time and quality. However, the construction industry is full of projects that are completed with significant time and cost overruns (Amhel et al., 2010). According to Faridi et al. (2006) delays have an adverse impact on project success in terms of time, cost, quality and project performance and success. Generally, the success of a project is defined by safety. The effects of construction delays are not confined to the construction industry only, but influence the overall economy of a country.

Keywords: Cost; Time; construction industry.

Title: Risk Factors That Leading to Cost and Time Overrun in Mega Construction Projects in Malaysia

Author: Ammar Ali  

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: In Kenya, in the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, for the last 7 years, the performance of many firms remains a significant challenge with the entrance of many competitors in the industry. The decline in firm performances can be attributed to the application of distribution management systems. In over 50% of pharmaceutical manufacturing firms in Kenya, distribution management costs comprise over 25% of the total cost of sales, and these costs continue rising leading to declined firms performance. The main objective of this study is to examine the influence of distribution management on the performance of pharmaceutical manufacturing firms in Kenya. The specific goals include examining the effect of information communication technology, customer and supplier relationships, use of inventory management, and manufacturing planning on the performance of pharmaceutical manufacturing firms in Kenya. A descriptive research design was used in the process of data collection. The targeted population included 5 selected manufacturing pharmaceutical firms in Nairobi County as well as 310 employees. To choose the 175 respondents the study utilized the stratified random sampling so that to ensure that there was equal representation. The issuance of questionnaires supported the process of data collection. The reliability of these questionnaires was determined through a pilot study. The processes of data analysis and presentation involved the use of both inferential and descriptive statistics to conduct an analysis of the data collected and present the results using charts and tables.

Keywords: Distribution, Supplier and Customer Relationship, Inventory management.

Title: Influence of Distribution Management on Performance of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

Author: Mugwe Hope Nyambura

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study investigated the influence of income access on development of women self help groups (WSHGs) in North Nyakach Sub-County, Kisumu, Kenya. This study employed the descriptive research design to collect both qualitative and quantitative data with a sample size of 253 women drawn from 35 WSHGs. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics mainly frequency distribution, percentages and cross tabulation for the close ended questions while the open ended questions were analyzed qualitatively in the form of narration. It concluded that quite a number of women had benefitted from the income they accessed and resultantly, there was an improvement in their livelihoods because of their ability to save more. The researcher recommended that the government needs to support the WSHGS by making loans more accessible to the women and as well as offer training to the women on how best to put their income to use.

Keywords: Income access, Development, Women Self Help Groups (WSHGs).

Title: Influence of Income Access on Development of Women Self Help Groups in North Nyakach Sub-County, Kisumu County, Kenya

Author: Rael A. O. Nyanjom

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine the present status of healthcare availability, accessibility, and affordability in Myanmar, a country in a state of transition from military government to a civilian government. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with four health experts. The findings confirmed that the country was in a state of healthcare transition with several initiatives in progress or being re-evaluated. However, it was evident that the government of Myanmar would be required to considerable investments to develop and maintain the country’s healthcare infrastructure. Furthermore, the execution of the existing public-private model of healthcare would have to be improved and more subsidies would have to be introduced to make healthcare more affordable to the poor. Additionally, it could be seen that the availability of services in all regions of the country required attention.

Keywords: Myanmar, Healthcare, Availability, Accessibility, Affordability.

Title: Healthcare availability, accessibility, and affordability in Myanmar: What do the experts say?

Author: Rajesh Purohit, Prof. Rajesh Mehrotra

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study aims to investigate the extent of interconnection between recruitment and selection policies employed at Jordanian universities, and how these policies affect job performance. Nepotism is also employed as the moderating variable to determine if it has any effect on these policies. The analytical descriptive approach was the methodology used in the study. A sample of 227 managers and their assistants from ten public universities in Jordan were selected to examine the impact of such recruitment and selection on job performance, mediated by nepotism. The results supported the practice of recruitment and selection process in Jordanian universities, and nepotism indeed played a mediating role between recruitment, selection and job performance. These findings explain how the extent of HR practices in terms of recruitment and selection impact job performance. The study came up with recommendations that may make the process of selection and recruitment more dynamic and created a development in that process. Some of these recommendations are to create a suitable environment based on scientific criteria pertaining to the process of selection and recruitment and develop the role of human resource management making it as a system. The system should consist of different parts which affect each other.

Keywords: Recruitment, Selection, Nepotism, job performance, Jordanian universities.

Title: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF NEPOTISM AND THE EFFECTS OF RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION ON JOB PERFORMANCE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY IN JORDANIAN UNIVERSITIES

Author: AHMAD SULIEMAN, AL RJOUB

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This research paper sought to investigate the influence of corporate culture on customer segmentation strategy among commercial banks in Kenya. The study employed a quasi-experimental posttest research design. A census survey was conducted among 43 commercial banks in Kenya, where the study population consisted of four senior managers from each bank’s head-office in Nairobi capital city of Kenya. The findings of this study were that corporate culture directly influences banks’ customer segmentation strategy formulation and implementation. Thus, according to R2 corporate culture contributes upto 46.9% of the variations in customer segmentation strategy execution. In conclusion therefore, management of banks have to embrace all the four types of corporate culture (  clan culture, adhocracy culture, market culture and hierarchy culture )that provide direction and focus towards accurate execution of business strategies. Since culture is dynamic, the researcher recommends that top management should be role models in building strong corporate culture that contribute to sustainability of their firms on the market.

Keywords: Corporate culture, clan culture, adhocracy culture, market culture and hierarchy culture, customer segmentation strategy.

Title: INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE CULTURE ON CUSTOMER SEGMENTATION STRATEGY AMONG COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA

Author: Mr. Evans Silver Kwendo, Dr. Ondoro Charles Omondi, Dr. Mise Jairo Kirwa

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Employee retention has become an increasingly significant concern for just about every organization as new economy companies lure talent and as technical skills are in increasingly in short supply. Research institutes in Kenya are putting in place measures which can create a work environment that engages employees in the long term however they have to contend with the dynamic and competitive external environment in which they operate. This study sought to examine the influence of human resource management practices specifically employee selection and training and development with management style as a moderating variable on employee retention in research institutes in Kenya. The study adopted both descriptive and correlational research designs. The target population included 1413 research scientists, technical staff and professional support drawn from 5 public research institutes in Kenya formed under the Science, Technology and Innovation Act (repealed), 2013. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 303 employees (22%). Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and data was analyzed by use of descriptive and inferential statistics using Predictive Analytics Software (PASW) version 23 formerly statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Research findings were presented using percentages, regression model summary and beta coefficient tables. The study found that training and development had a significant positive influence on employee retention whereas employee selection had a significant negative influence on employee retention in research institutes in Kenya at 0.05 level of significance. The research also found that the moderating effect of management style was insignificant on the relationship between the selected human resource management practices and employee retention at 0.05 level of significance. The study recommends the need to improve these human resource management practices through effective communication and consistency in implementation of their policies and procedures, active participation of relevant actors and provision of prompt feedback as regards to these human resource management practices.

Keywords: Human resource management, Employee selection, Training and development, Management style and employee retention.

Title: Influence of Human Resource Management Practices on Employee Retention in Research Institutes in Kenya

Author: Evelyn I. Oroni, Esther W. Waiganjo, Gichuhi A. Waititu

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The purpose of the current research was to establish the effect of Project specific factors on performance of Nyandarua County government projects in Kenya. The target population consisted of 384 finance officers in all development projects that were completed in the financial year 2016/2017 in Nyandarua County. Using simple random sampling method 80 respondents were selected from the target population. The data collection was administered using questionnaires designed to obtain accurate information from respondents. The data collected was analyzed using quantitative techniques. The mean, standard deviation, percentages, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regressions were used to determine the relationship between the variables. The findings were presented using tables, charts and graphs. The study established that overall project specific factors had a statistically significant effect on performance of Nyandarua county government projects. Specifically, access to funding, budgetary control and training on financial management had statistically significant effect on performance of Nyandarua county government projects. The study therefore concluded that project specific factors including access to funding, budgetary control and training on financial management had a statistically significant effect on performance of projects implemented by county government of Nyandarua. The recommendations to the leadership of Nyandarua county government were; to improve funding to projects, ensure stronger budgetary controls and ensure the finance managers are well trained on issues of public financial management ensuring the improvement in performance of projects being implemented by the county government.

Keywords: Credit Reference Bureau, Customer Repayment Behaviour, Credit Default Rate.

Title: Project Specific Factors Affecting Performance of County Government Projects In Kenya: A Case of Nyandarua County

Author: Purity Mutheu Sammy, Prof. Willy Muturi

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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