Vol 10 Issue 2 October 2022-March 2023

Abstract: Organizations diverse stakeholdership and competing interest often times result in conflicts which if not managed well may have negative consequences on the very existence of the organization. One of the best ways to avoid or mitigate the conflict is to manage diverse stakeholder-interest fairly through information management and disclosure. This has to do with corporate governance, basically regulating stakeholder relationships. This paper’s objective is to review the contemporary corporate governance situation in Ghana as well as to establish the determinants of corporate governance information disclosures (CGID) under a multi-theoretic framework underpinned by agency, signaling, stakeholder, and contingency theories. The review explored six databases (WoS, Scopus, Google scholar, Ghana Stock Exchange website, Securities and Exchange Commission website, and Bank of Ghana website). Only papers published in English that concentrated on corporate governance, corporate governance compliance dimensions, ownership characteristics, board characteristics and decisions, auditor characteristics, strategic corporate information disclosure, corporate social and financial performance, firm-specific variables, and macroeconomics factors and were published in peer reviewed journals were included in the review. The review led to the development of a framework that vividly explains how various variables in the perspectives of agency, stakeholder, signaling, and contingency theories can influence the level of corporate governance information disclosure. The findings suggest the need for the development of a comprehensive index or instrument to aid corporate institutions to be able to measure CGID levels based on multiple determinants.

Keywords: corporate governance, corporate governance compliance dimensions, ownership characteristics, board characteristics and decisions, auditor characteristics, strategic corporate information disclosure, corporate social and financial performance.   

Title: Corporate Governance in Ghana: A Proposal for Multi-Faceted Determinants of Corporate Governance Information Disclosure

Author: Michael Amoh Asiedu

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 302-315

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 29-December-2022

Abstract: Higher Education as a higher education institution is required to participate in developing government programs to increase the number of entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship education is designed in such a way that it is expected to be able to encourage interest in entrepreneurship for students and graduates. In reality, raising an interest in entrepreneurship is not an easy job. Strategies designed to maximize their effectiveness remain unanswered. This is evident from the low interest of students to try entrepreneurship. The purpose of writing this article is to find out how the impact of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial motivation on entrepreneurial interest is moderated by leadership commitment. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University (FEB Unud). The research was conducted on 100 (one hundred) students who had taken entrepreneurship education using the Moderate Regression Analysis (MRA) analysis technique with the PLS approach. The results of the study indicated that there was a significant positive influence on entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurship motivation on the interest in entrepreneurship among students. Leadership commitment significantly strengthens the influence of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions, but is unable to moderate the influence of entrepreneurial motivation on entrepreneurial intentions.

Keywords: education, motivation, commitment, interest, entrepreneurship.

Title: THE ROLE OF LEADER COMMITMENT IN INCREASING STUDENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP INTEREST

Author: I Nyoman Nurcaya, Ni Made Rastini

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 294-301

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 28-December-2022

Abstract: Remittances are considered as one of the important sources of the foreign currency earnings in a country as it has significant importance in terms of minimizing the issues related to the Balance of Payment (BOP) thereby improving the external position of a country.

This study examines the impact of remittances on the economic growth in Sri Lanka by employing the annual data from the period 1975 to 2021. The study was motivated by the conflicts stimulated from the literature on remittances role in GDP in other countries. With the current financial situation in Sri Lanka, identifying the impact of remittances and provide a considerable perception to policy makers to reinforce adapt policies and regulations to entice remittances inwards.

The analysis mainly based on the multivariate regression analysis and the cointegrated test is carried out to determine whether the variables have long run relationship. The test results confirmed that the variables have a long run relationship. Therefore, the Vector Error Correction (Ɛt-1) is added to the short-run model and coefficient value of the error term is estimated to determine the speed of adjustment towards the long run equilibrium. The empirical analysis is mainly based on the estimating long -run model for the log variables and the short-run model with error correction term. The estimated results suggest that in the short run and long run remittances have a significant effect on countries’ GDP. Accordingly, effects of, Government Expenditure, Exchange rate and Household expenditure are also verified by the regression and the derived model.

In the long run, a 1% increase in remittances can make 1.02% increase in GDP whereas government expenditure and household consumption also affect GDP growth positively. Nevertheless, the exchange rate has a negative impact on GDP.

As per the derived shot run model, 1% increase in remittances can cause 0.17% growth in GDP whereas household consumption also affect positively. However, increase in exchange rate and government expenditure may cause negative effects on GDP growth.

Keywords: Economic Growth, Worker Remittances, GDP growth.

Title: NEXUS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND WORKER REMITTANCES; IN CASE OF SRI LANKA

Author: Hansini Silva

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 275-293

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 22-December-2022

Abstract: The main objective of the study was to find out the factors promoting the Economic Outlook and Monetary policies in South Sudan. Due to floods, locust invasions, and COVID-19, GDP decreased by 6.0% in 2020–21 compared to an increase of 13.2% in 2019–2020. As a result of activities over time that have impacted the industry sector, the world has implemented some containment measures. The study made use several methods Such as graphical representation to explain the economic outlook and monetary policies in South Sudan. Floods and the locust harmed the agricultural sectors on the supply side. Productions in the oil sector, which make up over 98% of the GDP and 80% of industrial value adds, decreased as several oilfields reached their capacity. Consumption by the public and the private sectors drives increases in supply and demand.

Keywords: Economic outlook, GDP, Macroeconomic theories, Business Cycle theories.

Title: Factors Promoting the Economic Outlook and Monetary Policies in South Sudan

Author: Matiok Santino Akuendit, Caston Kioni Mputhia

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 268-274

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 02-December-2022

Abstract: The dexterity with which hunger and poverty have devastated lives and future ambition of youths especially graduates in Nigeria is worrisome. The high rate of unemployment has given rise to snatching of ballot boxes, internet frauds, kidnapping, armed robbery, destitution, prostitution, terrorism, political thuggery, among others. This have led to the need for entrepreneurial initiatives as the permanent cure for extreme hunger and poverty necessitated by unemployment hence economic displacement is one of the external forces that influence the development of entrepreneurship. This study examined the relationship between entrepreneurial initiatives as a panacea for youth empowerment in Oyo State. The target population comprises of all present N-Power candidates stream 1 in Ogbomoso-North Local Government Oyo State. Their population is 455 candidates, the source is gotten from the office of the Ogbomoso-North Local Government Oyo State. The findings revealed entrepreneurial initiative is an antidote to the problem of youth unemployment, poverty and crime reduction in Nigeria. This study concludes that the more entrepreneurial creativities are developed, the more they effectively create employment opportunities for Nigerian graduates.  This study recommends that all stakeholders should develop good mindset towards skills development in all concerned aspects of youth capacity to help in improve self-reliance and youth competence for job creation.

Keywords: Entrepreneurial Initiatives, Youth Empowerment, Skill Acquisition, Self-Reliance, Youth Employment, Youth Competence.  

Title: ENTREPRENEURIAL INITIATIVES AS A PANACEA FOR YOUTH EMPOWERMENT IN OYO STATE

Author: Oladoke Sunday OLADEJI, Zekeri Abu, Abimbola Oluwasogo ADENIKA, Tolulope Olubukola OYEDIJI, Esther Yemi OTAYOKHE, Wale Thomas AJIBOYE

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 260-267

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 02-December-2022

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to know the opportunity to export briquettes charcoal shell coconut from Indonesia in the international market. Remember briquettes charcoal shell coconut is one-product plantations that have scored high exports.  Briquettes charcoal shell coconut alone is product powder charcoal shell molded coconut with various forms like cubes, cylinders and faces six. Common models produced are briquettes shaped cube. As for the obstacles in export briquettes charcoal shell coconut this is lack of ingredient raw making briquettes charcoal shell coconut and way still making traditional because minimal knowledge as well as form unfinished marketing so large because lack of knowledge about international market access whereas Request to briquettes charcoal shell coconut this very high and steadily increase from abroad. Data used in study is obtained from books, journals, and websites that support hypotheses. In study this writer uses liberalism from Adam Smith, level nation-state analysis as well as study this use theory interdependence. Results of study show that briquettes charcoal shell coconut have great opportunity for marketing in the international market.

Keywords: Business International, Briquette Charcoal shell Coconut, Export, International Market.

Title: The Opportunity Export of Coconut Shell Charcoal Briquettes from Indonesia in the International Market

Author: Karin Sonaya Maudina, Sahri Sahri, Tajidan Tajidan, Addinul Yakin

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 252-259

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 26-November-2022

Abstract: The study sought to assess the effect of firm characteristics on the credit risk of microfinance banks in Kenya has been analysed. The specific objectives were to examine the effect of management efficiency, liquidity, earning capacity and capital adequacy on the credit risk of microfinance banks in Kenya. The findings revealed that the income capacity depicted significant but negative impact on credit risk. Liquidity depicted a positive and insignificant influence on credit risk; moreover, inappropriate management efficiency and depicted a positive influence on credit risk; Capital adequacy depicted an inverse influence on the credit risk of Kenyan microfinance banks. Moreover, interest rates have a negative regulatory influence between company characteristics and credit risk among the Kenyan microfinance banks. Based on the findings, the study recommended that the management of microfinance banks should diversify their operations to reduce credit-related risks facing microfinance banks, which is a crucial determinant that ensures increased earning capacity.

Keywords: Earning Ability, Earnings Ability, Liquidity, Management Efficiency, Interest Rate and Credit Risk.

Title: FIRM CHARACTERISTICS AND CREDIT RISK OF MICROFINANCE BANKS IN KENYA

Author: Jared Nyakundi Momanyi, Robert Mugo

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 239-251

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 24-November-2022

Abstract: This study evaluated work lifebalance effect on medical personnel employee performance at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya. The objective with certainty is determining the effect of flexible work conditions, leave management and career development on employee performance of medical personnel at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya. Discrepancy theory, spill over theory and compensation theory were employed. Nurses and doctors which was be descriptively design at Kenyatta National Hospital Kenya were covered and a sample size of one hundred and sixty  was used based on seventy five doctors (75) and eighty five (85) nurses to be drawn from the hospital; selected through stratified random sampling design. Primary data was relied upon through questionnaires. Validity of the research instruments were be assessed using expert opinion and pilot test while reliability of research construct ascertained via Cronbach Alpha test with a threshold of 0.7. The outcome from the multiple regression depicted that flexible work conditions, leave management and career development had positive and significant effect on employee performance of medical personnel at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya. To this effect the study recommends that in order to experience improvements on efficient and effective delivery of service at the Kenyatta National Hospital, more flexible work conditions should be implemented and existing ones is strengthened to ensure easy adaptability of the medical personnel to new environmental changes for best medical practices.

Keywords: Work Life Balance, Flexible Work Conditions, Leave Management, Career Development and Employee Performance.

Title: WORK LIFE BALANCE AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF MEDICAL PERSONNELS AT KENYATTA NATIONAL HOSPITAL, KENYA

Author: Annjudy Wanja Macharia, Wanyoike Rosemarie

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 229-238

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 18-November-2022

Abstract: This paper is concerned with the financial choices related to debt capacity as a source of capital and its impact on growth of the firm. The relationship between debt to asset ratio (as a measure of debt capacity) and market to book ratio (as a measure of growth) is investigated in this research paper. A mixed linear regression model is made to study the relationship between Book leverage and growth. 39 companies from the Nifty 50 of the NSE (National Stock Exchange of India) were selected, and their financial data of the previous 4 years is used in the research. Only the companies belonging to non-financial sectors were selected. The results reveal a significant positive relation between debt to asset ratio and market to book ratio, proving that there is no negative impact of debt capacity on the firm’s growth.

Keywords: Debt Capacity, Growth, Debt to Asset ratio, Market to Book ratio.

Title: The Influence of Book Leverage on Firm’s Growth

Author: Lakshya Kapoor

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 223-228

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 17-November-2022

Abstract: In attempting to articulate the ugly nature of both inequality and poverty, we explore the realities of what life is like for the world’s Have-Nots. The suffering of the “poorest of the poor” has been exacerbated by the past several years of COVID-19 and its toll in terms of illness, death, and economic challenges. Virtually all areas of the globe have faced new hardships, whether Latin America, Asia, Africa, the Mediterranean and/or Middle East, North America, Australia, and Europe. This study utilizes the process of action research to design new social enterprises, implement them, apply field work methods for collecting data, and hereby documenting the results. The focus will center on grassroots innovations to design nonprofit organizations that go beyond humanitarian relief to generate real change, deep, substantive and sustainable strategies. Two facets of this work are explored. The first area of this research is social entrepreneurship, an approach by which students and professors are activists focused on reducing human suffering in its many forms The second is that of microfinance in which tiny loans are given to poor women to enable them to rise from abject poverty. Small, Utah-based techniques have arisen in college classrooms as laboratories for social innovation. After their development as practical models, they have then been implemented in communities of the poor in dozens of countries. Their methods are explained and the results are reported and assessed.

Keywords: United Nations, Sustainable Development Goals, Poverty, Inequality. 

Title: The UN Sustainable Development Goals: Global Objectives for the New Millennium through the Lens of 3 NGO Management Cases

Author: Prof. Warner Woodworth

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 212-222

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 17-November-2022

Abstract: Tea is an important commodity in East Africa. Kenya is the major tea producer, followed by Uganda, Tanzania, and Rwanda. The growth in the tea sector has led to development of Kenya’s economy. Tea sector in Kenya is dominated by smallholders along with investments by private companies. East African Tea Trade Association (EATTA) was formed to develop the tea trade in Africa. Kenyan tea sector is also facing challenges, such as lack of infrastructure for transport, restrictions in government policies, climate change and the competition to Mombasa tea auction from Dubai auction centre.

Keywords: Tea, Kenya, Mombasa auctions, China, India, CTC, Orthodox.

Title: Tea Industry: Focus on Kenya

Author: Srinivas Anand Sriram

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 208-211

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 15-November-2022

Abstract: India's retail industry is expanding quite quickly. Indian consumers have been attracted in large numbers to retail outlets by the organized retail sector. Retailers continually provide new services to give customers a variety of purchasing options. It is yet unknown, nevertheless, whether or not customers may perceive newer service dimensions favorably. Retail shop architecture has a significant impact on consumer behavior and plays a key role in establishing the brand image. A well-planned store layout has a significant impact on customers' shopping experiences, purchasing decisions, and operational effectiveness. When a customer is unhappy with these components, he or she may go on to another store that provides these components more effectively. Through a thorough analysis of the literature, this article seeks to determine the relationship between retail store layout and consumer purchasing behavior. In order to make specific conclusions for subsequent studies in this area, the article also seeks to identify any research gaps for the topic under investigation.

Keywords: Supermarket, retail store layout, store image, and consumer buying behavior. 

Title: EFFECTS OF RETAIL SHOP LAYOUT ON CONSUMER PURCHASING DECISIONS - WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON SELECTED SUPERMARKETS IN BELAGAVI CITY

Author: Dr. Sachindra G R

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 201-207

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 15-November-2022

Abstract: The demand for work life balance solutions by employees and managers is expanding at unprecedented rate and work life balance is one of the challenges that organizations and the banking industry are  expected to manage to be competitive due to globalization and fast pace of economic development in the 21st century such as  customer satisfaction being the prime work in the banking industry. This study therefore sought to investigate the influence of work life balance on performance of the banking industry in Kenya. Specifically the study sought to determine the influence of flexible work-arrangement, wellness programs, family responsibilities and lastly influence of work life conflict on performance of the banking industry in Kenya.The study adopted survey research design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The target population  was 36,212 employees from all 43 commercial  banks in Kenya with a sample size  of 380 respondents. Sample was  selected using  stratified simple random sampling. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection in accordance with the objectives of the study. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel. Descriptive, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis were also adopted for analysis. Regression models were fitted and hypothesis testing carried using multiple regression analysis and standard F and t tests. The study found that flexible work arrangements, wellness programs, family responsibility concerns were more strongly related to  performance of the banking industry in Kenya. It also found that institutions that support employees in work life balance practices had higher performance. Work life conflict negatively influenced performance hence the finding of the study revealed that there was negative relationship between work life conflict and performance in the banking industry. The study recommends that organizations could try and support family responsibilities, offer flexible work arrangements and wellness programs and reduce work life conflict among its employees for increased performance. The  study also recommends that organizations should diagnose employees work life balance practice needs and develop practical solutions by implementing them so as to be able to achieve business goals. In regard to this, the role the managers play in organizations in supporting work life balance practices is important. The findings of this research indicate a lack of implementation of policies on work  life balance practices, which are rarely utilized as well as lack of involvement of employees in adoption of worklife balance practices  which  means they are not made in an open manner; hence need for investigation unto the reasons for non implementation and non-involvement.

Keywords:  Work life Balance, Organizational Performance Banking Industry Kenya.

Title: INFLUENCE OF WORK LIFE BALANCE ON PERFORMANCE OF THE BANKING INDUSTRY IN KENYA

Author: AGNES KINANAU MUNGANIA

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 194-200

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 15-November-2022

Abstract: The study sought to determine the influence of teleworking on employee performance of Public Universities in Mount Kenya region. The target populations of the study were 3,012 employees of public Universities in Mount Kenya region consisting of teaching and non-teaching staff. The sample size was 353 respondents determined by use of Yumane formulae. The study employed descriptive research design. The open-ended questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument. Data analysis and interpretation was based on descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. In addition, a multiple regression model was used to explore the relationship between the variables under study. A pilot test was carried out in a public University outside Mount Kenya region to ensure validity and reliability of the data collection instruments prior to actual collection of data. The data was analyzed using SPSS software version 28. Descriptive statistics were presented in frequency tables, percentages, mean, standard deviations and graphs. Inferential statistics were used in testing null hypotheses. Results showed that teleworking and employee performance of public universities were positively and significantly related (β=0.380, p=0.000). The study found that there was a statistically significant relationship between, teleworking  and employee performance of public universities in Mount Kenya region. The study recommends that Managers should improve the use of flextime work arrangement because it enhances employee performance, reduces absenteeism and increases employee satisfaction. Universities should also build flexible work arrangements since they help employees in managing their work load, their personal life and help them to assess their responsibilities.

Keywords: Teleworking, Employee Performance, Public Universities, Mt Kenya Region.

Title: INFLUENCE OF TELEWORKING ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN MOUNT KENYA REGION

Author: Agnes Kinanu Mungania, Mercy Kanyua Mwiti

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 189-193

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 15-November-2022

Abstract: Organization change is a vital process in the health and effectiveness of an organization. Despite the various studies done on strategic change management in organization, state corporations, health and education sector, there is little focus on security agencies. However, they are also prone to strategic change management adoption challenges. This study sought to investigate employee perception on strategic change management strategies adopted by National police service in Kenya. The study used cross sectional survey design involving a stratified sample of 1200 employees. Main tools for data collection were questionnaires, document analysis, and observation schedule. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0 was used to analyze quantitative date. The study revealed that change management practices at National police service were necessitated by legislation following changes in new constitution which demanded higher levels of accountability and professionalism. Employees indicated that major change practices adopted were vetting of staff, the development of a service charter and establishment of community policing initiative. However, the study also revealed that employee welfare and customer satisfaction were not taken keenly in the change process. Hence, the study concluded that change process was top-bottom approach and only selected few were actively participating.

Keywords: Employees, Organization, Management, Satisfaction, Performance, Strategy.

Title: EMPLOYEES PERCEPTION ON CHANGE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY NATIONAL POLICE SERVICE IN KENYA

Author: Philip Ochieng Ojuang, Isaiah Ochieng Abillah

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 10, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 182-188

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 10-November-2022