Vol 4 Issue 2 April 2016-June 2016

Abstract: This paper critically looks at the problem of Social mobilization program of the government in Nigeria. It noted that objectives of the program such as inculcating desirable value of patriotism honesty, hard work, probity and unity have not been realized. This’ is’ due to the haphazard sporadic nature of the programs that fails to have lasting impact on the people’. Give its citizen Education and value orientation content, Social studies Education that shares similar objective should he used as synergetic partner of social mobilizing programs of the government. This is due to the long lasting effect of Education in the cultivation of skills, values and attitude necessary for National Development. Keywords: Social mobilization, Social studies, Education, cultivation of skills, National Development. Title: SOCIAL STUDIES AS A TOOL FOR SOCIAL MOBILIZATION Author: OSAH IGHO MARK International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper examined the nature of adult education as an important avenue through which people desirous of receiving education might do so, no matter their age or qualification. It noted the peculiar problem of age and time on the part of the adult and the excessive emphasis on vocational skill acquisition in adult education to the neglect of value orientation and citizenship education. It recommends the introduction of social studies as part of the contents of adult education given its dual concern on skill acquisition and value/citizen education. Keywords: Social Studies, citizenship education adult education. Title: Achieving the Goals of Adult Education in Nigeria through Social Studies Author: OSAH IGHO MARK International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This research sought to investigate the effect of the National Development Fund on economic empowerment of persons with disabilities in Kiambu County. The specific objectives of the research were to determine how income, wealth, skill development and business practice have affected economic empowerment. Descriptive research design and snow ball sampling was used to come up with a sample of 30 respondents from 10 groups registered with the NCPWD Kiambu county office. Data for this study was collected from primary data sources using interviews and a semi-structured questionnaire. The data was then analyzed after being checked for validity and reliability, it was then edited, coded and thereafter sorted in accordance to similarity of responses to various questions. The research findings revealed that only 20% of the beneficiaries of the fund had experienced some form of empowerment but the majority of persons with disabilities were still disadvantaged in terms of their ability to acquire income, wealth, develop their skills and improve their business practices. The study also revealed that provision of funds to persons with disabilities with the aim of empowering them is worthwhile but not entirely sufficient. The study therefore concluded that the NDFPWD had improved the lives of persons with disabilities although only to a small extent. Empowerment was not sustainable in most cases due to the inadequacy of the amount of money given, insufficient training or skill development and the lack of monitoring and support services. The research therefore recommends that the National Council for Persons with Disabilities and Ministry of finance should increase the amount of money given to persons with disabilities so as to enable them to carry out the intended projects, ensure that the intended beneficiaries are adequately trained and equipped with relevant skills to be able them to successfully undertake various income generation activities, coming up with timelines to ensure that those who apply for the funds get them in a timely manner and don’t have to wait for long as was the case in the study, and finally the council should establish monitoring, evaluation and support systems for those that receive the funds so as to ensure proper utilization of the funds and promote sustainability. Keywords: National Development Fund on economic empowerment of persons with disabilities (NDFPWD). Title: Effect of the National Development Fund on the Economic Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities in Kiambu County Author: ISAAC WAMBUA MUINDE, Dr. MARGARET OLOKO International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Title: Book Review: Robert Munson. 2013. The Nature of Christianity in Northern Tanzania Author: Maxmillian Julius Chuhila International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper talks about North Korea and how it was a colony of Japan and was formerly represented one country with South Korea. It talks about how the North Korean government uses propaganda to scare its enemies and controls its nations. It talks about how the North Korean Leader uses propaganda in order to achieve his objectives. In short, this paper describes how propaganda plays an important role in North Korea. Keywords: Use of Propaganda, Role in North Korea. Title: Analyzing the Use of Propaganda in North Korea Author: Sultan Almusam International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Criminologists and psychiatrists are generally in agreement that there are five main categories of lawbreakers: the instinctive type, the impulsive type, the habitual type, the passionate type and the criminally insane type. Whichever category they fall into, those who turn to crime must be regarded as somehow unstable and in a sense, therefore morally, mentally or emotionally unsound. Study of palmistry does reveal these violent and criminal tendencies. The main objective of this research is to make a study of the various hand signs in relation to animalistic trait and abnormal features indicate criminal tendencies. This work covers the study of various types of criminal handprints and also an equal number of handprints of common people. The percentage of each of the signs in both these categories is worked out and is shown here. A comparative change can be seen when we analyze the results. In conclusion I confirm that hand analysis can be used to recognizing criminal tendencies. For the police department results would be quite useful for its crime branch to understand the creation and working of the criminal mind. Keywords: Chirognomy, Chiromancy, Dermatoglyphics, atavistic signs. Title: Recognizing Criminal Tendencies through Hand Analysis Author: Dr. Kanchana Kohombange International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The study was conducted as a case study of Kenya Electricity Generating Company in Nairobi and as a repository of knowledge, it would be beneficial globally, regionally and nationally specifically for firms operating in the energy sector by providing critical knowledge that will enable them enhance their competitive advantage. The study reviewed relevant available literature that focused on employee commitment, employee voice, employee motivation and employee productivity which have a significant effect on competitive advantage of a firm. The theories discussed included Herzberg’s two factor theory, Adams’ equity theory, McGregor’s Theory X and Y and Becker’s human capital theory. The research design that was adopted was descriptive research and a sample size of 196 respondents was used. The study established a correlation value of 0.851which indicates that there exists a positive relationship between employee engagement and competitive advantage which indicates that the regression model that was used was significant at 95% confidence level. It was recommended the KenGen management should provide more opportunities for career growth and personal development. Further research is to be conducted to assess how firms inculcate employee engagement as a strategy to enhance competitive advantage. Comparative studies need to be done to ascertain the degree to which firms in any given industry embrace employee engagement strategies and the effects thereof. Also, further research should be conducted to determine the degree to which firms leverage employee engagement in order to enhance competitive advantage. Keywords: Employee engagement, employee commitment, employee voice, employee motivation, employee productivity, competitive advantage. Title: The Effect of Employee Engagement on a Firm's Competitive Advantage: A Case of Kenya Electricity Generating Company Limited Author: Nana Oketch, Dr. Gladys Rotich International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: Suicidal ideation is a though process in which an individual thinks about suicide but does not intent or plan to commit suicide. The constant thought about suicide is considered a factor of concern because the thought can lead to suicidal behavior as well as attempted and completed suicide. This study sought to study self-esteem on suicidal ideation among the youth. The main objective of the study was to determine the influence of self-concept on suicidal ideation, the influence of self-efficacy on suicidal ideation, on suicidal ideation. These factors play a significant role in the development of a quality life of a young adult and are therefore influential factors in the day to day activities of a university student. A descriptive questionnaire design was adopted for this study. The study established that there is a positive correlation between low self-esteem and suicidal ideation. This means that the lower the self-esteem the higher the chances of suicidal ideation. It was also established that individuals with high efficacy experience less suicidal ideation compared to those with low self-efficacy. Keywords: Suicidal Ideation, Self Esteem, Self Efficacy, Self Concept, Suicidal Behavior, Youth. Title: Influence of Self Esteem on Suicidal Ideation among Youth in Universities in Nairobi County Author: Becky Wanjiku Wanyoike, Dr. D. Nguti, Dr. B.E.E Omulema, Dr. M. Njoroge, (Prof) M. Mwenda International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This article deals about the impact of microcredit on women’s lives in rural Bangladesh. Taking the case of Grameen bank as one of the main microfinance institutions of Char Khankhanapur and Degree Charchandpur, two villages of south-western Bangladesh, I focus on the impact of Grameen bank’s microcredit scheme on the rural women and I underline some basic points like who controls and takes the responsibility of loan repayment and try to identify the real beneficiaries of such loans. To identify whether microcredit is empowering or disempowering women of the villages , I have used the perspectives of women and development including women in development ( WID), gender and development (GAD), Hashemi et al ( 1996)’s women’s empowerment indicators and the national discourse of economic participation and women’s empowerment in Bangladesh. The article shows that women’s experiences of microcredit significantly vary according to class. It highlights how microcredit, which many development policy planners see as a source of women’s empowerment, has turned into ‘micro-theft’ for many poor women. Interestingly, it focuses on how some ways microcredit replaces dowry and appears as a weapon to exploit and disempower some rural women. Keywords: women, microcredit, rural change, poor, development, micro theft. Title: Microcredit and Women’s Development in Rural Bangladesh Author: Dr. Ishrat Jahan International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

The Integration Model of Small Craft Industry Development Strategy of Wood Carving In Bali Province, Indonesia

Abstract: Differences of opinion among genders arise in many industry, there are certain article which shows the most undiscriminating when it comes to gender among the IT industry. Purpose: This study investigates the significant association between gender and the level of spiritual quotient among employees in IT Industry. Method: Data for this study were collected using a questionnaire instrument from 500 employees in IT industry. Random sampling technique was used to record the responses. Results: The chi-square analysis was used to obtain the results. From the results of the chi-square analysis, it was found that there existed a significant association between the gender and the level of spiritual quotient among employees in IT industry. Conclusion: Thus to conclude, accessing to updated knowledge level, increasing higher wisdom, and attaining excellence in life and obtaining eternal soul of life can be achieved through experiencing the informed ability called spiritual quotient among both male and female employees. Keywords: spiritual quotient (SQ), gender, IT industry, employees. Title: Association between Gender and Level of Spiritual Quotient among Employees in IT Industry Author: Lekha Padmanabhan, Dr. R. Magesh International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The main purpose of this study is to investigate EFL University instructors’ and students’ perspectives about using Arabic language in university EFL courses in the College of Science Arts, Tanumah, at King Khalid University during the First Semester of the academic year 2015.2016. Fifteen EFL instructors and fifty EFL students participated in this study. The data were collected by employing two questionnaires and a structured interview. One of the questionnaires was administered to EFL instructors who are Arabic speakers while the other was administered to EFL students. The interview was conducted on EFL instructors who are not Arabic speakers. The results of the study reveal that both instructors and students did not oppose the use of Arabic language in language classrooms they all thought that the mother tongue should be used in emergency situations. The results of the study also reveal that instructors and students have different perceptions on the degree of how often the mother tongue should be used in EFL classrooms. For example, the instructors think that the mother tongue should be sometimes used, while the students think that the mother tongue should be usually used. In contrast, The results show that majority of EFL instructors who are not Arabic speakers believe that Arabic should not be used in EFL classroom at all and whatever the circumstances are .While a few of them think that it can be used for beginners for explaining vocabulary. Finally, the study recommends that a balanced and judicious use of Arabic in EFL classroom can be useful in the language learning process and may even be essential to increase learners’ comprehension and that the use of Arabic can be effective in the right situations at the right time. Keywords: EFL instructors; EFL students; perspectives; mother tongue. Title: EFL University Instructors’ and Students’ Perspectives About Using Arabic in EFL Courses (A Case Study of College of Science & Arts, Tanumah, King Khalid University) Author: Dr. Fawzi Eltayeb Yousuf Ahmed International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: This paper seeks to explain the scale of measurement and the transformation of the ordinal scale to distance scale by using the Method of Successive Interval (MSI). In addition, in this paper demonstrated a statistical difference in the groups of test results before the data transformation and after transformation by using MSI. Using statistical tests on group data before and after transformation raises interpretation distinction. Oversight in selecting statistical test will lead to wrong interpretation as well. Therefore, it is required accuracy in selecting test statistic in a study. Data obtained from measurements using an ordinal scale should be tested with a non-parametric statistics. However, if you want to use parametric statistics, the transformation of the ordinal scale to scale the distance (interval) should be done first. Keywords: measurement, transformation, ordinal, interval, successive. Title: Method of Successive Interval in Community Research (Ordinal Transformation Data to Interval Data in Mathematic Education Studies) Author: Asdar, Badrullah International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The general objective is to assess the impact of beneficiary participation in Monitoring and Evaluation of Development Projects funded by LODA and its effect on its sustainability. Specifically, the research aims to determine the relationship between monitoring and evaluation of development projects financed by LODA in Rwanda and prudent management of resources, establish the relationship between monitoring and evaluation of development projects financed by LODA in Rwanda and effective implementation of the project and to assess the role of conducting monitoring and evaluation of development projects financed by LODA in Rwanda and the attainment of project objectives. The study used a case study research design. Primary data was collected using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The study targeted 1249 members whereby a Solvin’s formular was used to calculate the sample size of 125 individuals to participate in data collection exercise. The researcher used cluster sampling method in order to select the beneficiaries. Due to the small number of administrators, the researcher used census whereby all the administrators were targeted. Probability sampling was used to collect data from the beneficiaries because the number is large. Descriptive statistics and correlations were used to analyze the data. The study found that beneficiary participation in M&E can take various forms. In some projects, it may be no more than providing information to review or evaluation teams, but this is too limiting. It was observed that beneficiary participation in M&E is low. Beneficiaries participate mainly in data collection and giving testimonies. Apart from that they are not involved in data analysis and documentation. This is a conventional way of M&E rather than participatory approach. The study also found that majority of the respondents stated that they lack financial and structural capacity to participate in M&E of the project. It was established that beneficiary participation in the project activities is essential for the sustainability of the project. In addition, their participation is generally restricted to simple matters, such as provision of labour and cost sharing, and not with the important issues faced during the process of decision making as it relates to project initiation and execution and monitoring and evaluation. Keywords: Project Sustainability, beneficiary participation, Monitoring and Evaluation. Title: Factors Affecting the Beneficiary Participation in Monitoring and Evaluation of Development Project on Its’ Sustainability: A Case Study of Local Administrative Entities Development Agency Author: Gahima KARAMIRA John, Dr. Jaya Shukla, Prof. Ndabaga Eugene International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals

Abstract: The study on the Forecasting of Monthly Prices of Onion in Major Markets of Maharashtra is selected with an objective estimate the better forecast for the monthly onion prices and test validity of model. For this Support Vector Regression is used to classify the data and fitting better non-linear line. With this the length of support vector can be obtained and it can be use to forecaste the price. For the study, around 14 market price data for are taken from Maharashtra. The data is collected in the form of model price per day from 2002 to 2012 from the website of agmarknet and further converted to monthly price. The prices forecasted by Polynomial and Sigmoid model of Support Vector Non-Linear Regression are very much closer with actual prices than ARIMA forecasted prices. Deviation declined much more between actual value and forecasted value. As the price of onion per quintal in actual market was Rs.298 in Lasalgaon market and forecasted price is Rs.313 and Rs.314. If the methodology by putting volatility and better optimisation can be tried, there are chances of better results. The result shows that if the data is classified by Support Vector Regression, the forecasted prices are better over other models. The validity of forecasting model is estimated by AIC, R Square and DW test. From the results of the model fitting, it can be concluded from above results that the model fitting is good in all market except two markets. The best fitted model is observed in Mumbai, Solapur, Nagpur and Pune sequentially. Keywords: ARIMA forecasted prices, Markets of Maharashtra, monthly onion prices, Support Vector Regression. Title: Forecasting Of Onion Prices in Maharashtra: An Approach to Support Vector Regression and ARIMA Model Author: Dr. Sangita Vishnu Warade International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research ISSN 2348-3164 (online) Research Publish Journals