Vol 5 Issue 2 October 2017-March 2018

Abstract: The majority of maternal and neonatal deaths can be prevented with early recognition and proper implementation of required skills and knowledge. Tracking of higher risk pregnancies needs greater strengthening for mother and child health.

Home deliveries continue to pose a challenge, and the situation is worsened by few TBA deliveries taking place and possibly significant under-reporting from difficult terrains and tribal districts. It has been shown that an increase in births attended by TBA has a key role in safe deliveries, whether conducted in the health institutions or home. So for considering this, there is a need for adequate training of TBA’s. This paper elaborates on the services provided to the pregnant women and children by the Community Health staff like Traditional Birth Attendants. This reflects upon the promotion of the heath of the mother and their child. It also discusses all the essential steps taken by the Community Health Staff for the healthy new born.

Keywords: TBA, Maternal Death, Maternal Health, Neonatal Death.

Title: Role of Traditional Birth Attendants on Maternal and Child Health

Author: Dr. Iffat Naseem, Dr. N. Ravichandran

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Infection at or near surgical incisions within 30 days of an operative procedure, dubbed surgical site infection, contributes substantially to surgical morbidity and mortality each year. This review will summarize several additional evidence-based strategies to prevent SSIs, will define the SSI to understand more pathology. Conducted a detailed search among electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google scholar, searching in literature for articles related to strategies reducing surgical site infections. Studies were included as publication up to 2017, September with English language and human subject. SSI continues to be the most common complication following colon and rectal surgery procedures and is related to significant morbidity, death, and increased expenses in health care. Evidence-based strategies-- improving antimicrobial prophylaxis dosing, preparing the colon with mechanical bowel preparation and oral antibiotics, optimizing tissue oxygenation, and utilizing a surgical safety checklist, could help high performing hospitals and healthcare providers move beyond SCIP to ensure that they supply the best care possible to their surgical patients and decrease the rate of SSI.

Keywords: surgical site infection, surgical morbidity, pathology, health care.

Title: Reviewing Evidence in Strategies Reducing Surgical Site Infections

Author: Hussain Nasser Kariri, Ayman Mohammad Aboalam, Hassan saeed alshahran, Saad Husain Shabeeb, Saeed Mubarak Alahmari

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Our aim is to make an overview of cervical spine deformity including biomechanics, radiographic parameters to understand function and normal parameters of cervical spine. We outline classification and types of the deformity and discuss about surgical management and highlight the anterior surgical treatment. Detailed search was conducted throughout the electronic databases; PubMed, and Embase, for relevant studies discussing the neurosurgical management of cervical spine deformity. Studies which are published up to October, 2017. Cervical spine deformity is a complicated issue to manage. A strong understanding of spinal biomechanics and also a functioning knowledge of different cervical radiographic parameters are important elements in making a sound surgical strategy that improves medical result. The goals of surgical treatment must be neural decompression, correction of the deformity and also spinal stabilization with fusion. Methods for correction of cervical spine deformity were fairly different and also relied on pathology.

Keywords: cervical spine deformity (CSD), heterogeneity, Scoliosis Research Society (SRS).

Title: Cervical Spine Deformity in Adults, Management by Surgical Approach

Author: Abdullah Salem Jaber Almalki, Mohammad Salem Alqahtani, Nawaf M. Alyahya, Ali Jaber Jehni Al_Shehri, Ghanem Ali Alshahrani, Ahmed Hussain Ali Al-Asmari

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the advanced cardiac life-support (ACLS) service, to review the steps and drugs used. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed for studies related to Advanced cardiac life support published up to December 2015. Restriction to only English language, was used in our search strategies, furthermore, studies were found in the references lists of included articles. Since cardiac arrest happens in prehospital cases it’s important to safe victim before arriving the hospital. Advanced Cardiac Life Support declares the objectives of advanced cardiac life-support (ACLS) to minimize morbidity and also death by relieving suffering, avoiding more disease or injury, as well as ensuring healing. Emergency treatment can be started in any type of circumstance, as well as consists of self-care and saving the life of patient.

Keywords: advanced cardiac life-support (ACLS), Prehospital Emergency Case, Emergency treatment.

Title: Advanced Cardiac Life Support in Prehospital Emergency Cases: Review

Author: ALI JABER AL_SHEHRI, ABDULLAH SALEM ALMALKI, Mohammad salem alqahtani, Nawaf Mohammed Al-Yahya, Ahmed Hussain Alasmari, GHANEM ALI ALSHAHRANI

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Rehabilitation after stroke remains a challenge. Passive Movements are commonly used to help the stroke survivor recover from Physiologic impairments caused by the lesion of the CNS. When spastic Hypertonia is identified, joint mobilisations and muscle stretching are considered an integral part of the patient’s daily management, continuous passive motion is one of them. The present study sought to assess the effects of continuous passive motion on spasticity in stroke patients.

Objectives of the study:

1.  To study the H-Reflex parameters and H/M ratio in spastic hemiplegics both on the affected and normal side.

2.  To study the association of H/M Ratio to clinical grades by MAS.

3.  To study the effect of continuous passive motion on H-reflex, H/M Ratio and spasticity.

Study Design: Interventional cross-sectional.

Methodology: The total study Sample was 21 participants – 13 Males and 8 Females. All the participants were the spastic hemiplegic patients in the study group and the normal lower limb served as the control. A detailed Neurological examination was done. The H-reflex study and the clinical grades by MAS (Modified Ashworth Scale) was done before and after passive movements on CPM device. Passive movements were given for 20 Minutes.

Main outcome measures: MAS, Soleus H-Reflex, Hmax:Mmax ratio.

Results: The spastic hemiplegics by MAS were in the range of 1+ to 2 before the CPM. Also, the H amplitude and H/M ratio studied, was mean 6.00 +4.81, SE 1.05 and 0.51 + 0.5, SE 0.10 before CPM respectively. Following CPM of 20 minutes, MAS were in the range of 1 to 1+. Also, the H amplitude and H/M ratio were 4.18+3.37, SE 0.73 (P-value 0.001) and 0.28+0.21, SE 0.04(p-value 0.019) respectively. Comparison of MAS and H/M ratio was also studied and showed there was strong relationship between the spasticity by MAS and H/M ratio post CPM (p-value 0.001), However Pre-CPM it was not significant (0.17).

Conclusion: The study indicates that continuous passive movement brought about significant alterations in spasticity post CPM. Subjectively all the patients reported significant benefits from 20 minutes of CPM in the form of reduced heaviness of the affected limb with improved strength and easy walking. The measures used, MAS and the H/M ratio used to grade spasticity were significantly reduced and correlated post CPM.

Keywords: H-reflex, Spastic hemiplegia, MAS, Hmax: Mmax ratio, CPM device.

Title: To Study the H-Reflex in Spastic Hemiplegics Before and after Passive Movements on CPM Device

Author: Dr. Vaishali Suthar

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: In this review we are going to discuss the underlying mechanisms of thalassemia in children. We aimed to determine the renal abnormalities in thalassemia patients, to outline types and diagnosis. We conducted a literature review of articles published up to 2017, in following databases; PubMed, and Embase overviewing the thalassemia in children. The thalassemias are a group of anemias that outcome from inherited defects in the generation of hemoglobin. Renal hyperfiltration, hypercalciuria, and albuminuria are usual in thalassemia patients. Higher transfusion intensity is associated with lower creatinine clearance but more frequent hypercalciuria. Patients with Beta thalassemia significant (β-TM) typically existing early in life with extensive anemia that demands normal blood transfusion to endure. Duplicated blood transfusions are certainly connected with iron overload that results in several body organ disorders particularly heart, liver as well as endocrine glands.

Keywords: thalassemia patients, diagnosis, children.

Title: Overview of Thalassemia in Children, Renal Complications

Author: Mona Abdullah Alharbi, Zainab Habib M Alnakhli, Menal Mehmet Dogan, Reham Nasser Al AKbani, Rahaf Abdullah AlSharif, Mariam khalid Al-Daie, Shaima Ruwayshid Alhazmi, Abdulrahman Saad Albakheet, Abdullah Mosfer Alelyani, Rani naser Abumansour

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: This review study aims to identify assessment procedures and risk factors of for the occurrence of AKI in the postoperative period of hepatectomy. We intended to review the incidence of AKI in case of hepatoectomy. We performed a search using electronic databases; MEDLINE, and EMBASE, through October, 2017. Search strategies used following MeSH terms in searching: “Postoperative acute kidney injury”, “hepatectomy”, “surgery”, “assessment”, “management”.

The present evidence recommend that AKI ought to be viewed as a dynamic procedure and also an unique healing target. The temporary end results of liver resection may be enhanced by protecting against AKI with an extra rigorous selection of HCC candidates for surgical treatment and the very early diagnosis and also fast treatment of AKI. When reviewing patients at risk of establishing AKI, the multidisciplinary conferences utilized to determine whether to proceed to surgery and also postoperative management might be enhanced by involving nephrologists.

Keywords: acute kidney injury (AKI), HCC, post-hepatectomy liver failing (PLF).

Title: Reviewing the Evidence in Assessing Acute Kidney Injury Following Hepatectomy

Author: Salman Jubran F Almalki, Dr. Ahmed Abdullah Ahmed Abu Alsaud, Dr. Sami Mujri Mohammed Alzahrani, Abdulrahman Awaji Alnami

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: The aim of the present study was to discuss laparotomy surgery, evaluate negative pressure wound therapy incident reduction of wound infections and other wound complications in patients, and also its efficiency. PubMed, Embase, and Google scholar databases were searched up to November, 2017 for published studies with English language and human subjects discussing the Efficiency of using negative pressure wound therapy to closed laparotomy incision. Surgical site infections such as wound infections are complications that are frequently related to a much longer span of hospital stay, raised readmission rates and also added treatments. All these elements increase price, induce bad patient satisfaction and also impact negatively performance measures by health care organizations. Several therapies have been defined in the past that result in reduce in wound infection rate as preoperative anti-biotics, skin preparing before surgery and surgical method. Negative pressure surgical incision management systems are a novel method in the effort to reduce wound infection rates.

Keywords: Complex Abdominal Wall Repair (CAWR), Laparotomy Surgery.

Title: Efficiency of Using Negative Pressure Wound Therapy to Closed Laparotomy Incision: Review

Author: Dr. Sultan Jaber M Alfaifi, Dr. Salman Jubran F Almalki, Dr. Barrag Alhejab Alhazmi, Dr. Sameer Muttalib Ali Otayfah

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: This article reviews our current understanding about NAFLD, with a particular focus on existing and future therapeutic options and prevention, trying to piece together our knowledge about pathogenesis to and discuss the management. Medline, and Embase, databases were searched for relevant studies discussing the treatment of fatty liver disease through, October, 2017. Eventually, NAFLD is an increasing problem around the world and with the rising prevalence and occurrence of obesity NAFLD might soon end up being an epidemic. Regardless of the positive strides made over the last several years, a lot stays to be recognized relating to the mechanism of the illness. Our insufficient understanding of the pathogenesis is a significant hurdle in the path to forming techniques for preventing and also treating the illness. For these factors, there is a pressing demand for additional study into establishing additional diagnostic devices and therapeutic methods. Up until then, education relating to lifestyle changes for at-risk populations is essential. In NAFLD, as is the case in many diseases, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.

Keywords: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), lipoprotein lipase (LPL).

Title: Overview of Proper Treatment of Fatty Liver Disease

Author: Abdullah Yahya Al Jamahir, Abdullah Ali Hussain Alshawaf, Mohammed Yahya Al Jamahir, Mohammed Abdullah Ali Qurayshah

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: We aimed by this review to overview the benefits and disadvantage of vicryl mesh insertion immediately after lumpectomy. We conducted a search using electronic databases; MEDLINE, and EMBASE, through October, 2017. Search strategies used following MeSH terms in searching: “mastectomy”, “breast cancer”, “lumpectomy”, “vicryl mesh”, “absorbable mesh insertion”. Immediate Vicryl mesh insertion is a simple approach. It leads to considerably boosted occurrence of postoperative difficulties and delay in commencement of adjuvant radiotherapy. The aesthetic end results are not remarkable to that of no reconstruction. Some proof showed that the Vicryl mesh is an effective option to acellular dermal matrix in nonirradiated bust restoration and also is offered at lower cost in contrast with different ones.

Keywords: “Mastectomy”, “Breast Cancer”, “Lumpectomy”, “Vicryl Mesh”, “Absorbable Mesh Insertion”.

Title: Advantages and Efficiency of Immediate Vicryl Mesh Insertion after Lumpectomy

Author: Omaima Tawfiq Alomani, Sheema Mohammed Alqhtani, Mutab Suliman Saif Al_Shammari, Mohammad Abdullah Aldossary, Almasri Mohammad Tariq, Abdulrahim Samir Khairallah, Shuroq Abdulmohsen Alshehri, Omar Hatem Taha

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Vein thrombosis is the formation of blood clots (thrombi) in the veins. Our aim to discuss the pathogenesis, highlight the risk factors and outline the treatment. PubMed, Embase, and Google scholar databases were searched up to November, 2017 for published studies with English language and human subjects discussing the roles of family physicians in management of Vein thrombosis is the formation in primary care. DVT is a potentially life-theating clinical condition that can lead to preventable morbidity and mortality. A diagnostic pathway includes pretest probability, D-dimer assay, and venous ultrasound work as a more reliable way of diagnosing DVT. Prevention consists of both mechanical and pharmacological modalities and is offered for both inpatients and outpatients who are at risk of this disease. Family physician should take into consideration current situation of patient and work on prevention the extension of thrombus, acute PE, recurrence of thrombosis, and the progression of late complication, like pulmonary hypertension and post-thrombotic syndrome.

Keywords: Vein thrombosis, discuss, pathogenesis, treatment.

Title: Venous Thrombosis Diagnosis and Early Management in Family Medicine Practice

Author: Youssif MOHAMMED alnawar, Nora yazid aldeghaither, Abdulrahman Saleh Alshebel, Mohammad Abdullah Aldossary, omar hatem taha, Mohammad Ahmed AL-Ghamdi, Moatasem Khalid murad, Mariam khalid Al-Daie, Asawir Mohammed Al Qurashi, Lujain Ahmed Fallatah

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a group of monogenic disorders that result in renal cyst development. Our aim to discuss the types of PKD, their pathophysiology, to outline diagnosis and possible complications Our search strategies were performed using biomedical databases; Medline, and Embase, for studies concerned with Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) published with English language up to, October 2017. PKD is an inherited condition defined by cystic expansion of the kidneys generating progressive kidney enhancement and also kidney insufficiency, along with different extrarenal manifestations. PKD is associated with major hepatointestinal complications. The progression of acute pancreatitis and peptic ulcer bleeding had a negative effect on general death in patients with PKD. For that reason, acute pancreatitis and cholangitis need to be listed in the differential medical diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in patients with PKD. For anemia survey in patients with PKD, peptic ulcer bleeding must be taken into consideration.

Keywords: pathophysiology, Polycystic kidney disease, diagnosis, patients.

Title: Pathophysiology, Etiology, and Complications of Polycystic Kidney Disease

Author: Mohammad khalid halabi, Atrab Yousof Hawalah, Banan matuq aloufi, Abdulkareem Abdullah Alharthi, Rahaf Matoug Alofi, Amr Zuhier Badawi, Yazid abdulrahman Alhadlg, Bader Abdulrahman Alageel, Hisham muhammedeed Almuallim, Abdulsalam S. Alluhaydan

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Being a mother is one of the most important phase of any women’s life which she cherishes for life. This time is associated with rapid weight gain, which is generally lost with time but many could retain it and hence could move towards being overweight or finally obese. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of abdominal obesity post delivery in women of Haryana, India. Methods: This was a comparative study with 102 women, 51 from rural and 51 from urban areas of Hisar, Haryana. Measures for their height, weight, BMI and central obesity markers i.e. waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and waist to hip ratio (W/H) were taken. Results: Women in rural areas had an average BMI of 21.54 kg/m² while in urban areas it was 24.18 kg/m² for women. Average waist circumference was 76.50 cm for rural and 82.07 cm for the urban women. The average W/H measures for urban areas were 0.87 whereas for rural areas it was 0.85. Conclusion: The results showed that women in urban areas had more BMI and central obesity post pregnancy as compared to their age matched rural counterparts post delivery.

Keywords: central obesity, BMI, post pregnancy, waist circumference, hip circumference. 

Title: Prevalence of Abdominal Obesity after Delivery in Urban and Rural Women of Haryana, India

Author: Alka Pawalia, Pawan Kumar, Vikram Singh Yadav, Shabnam Joshi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: Depression is a common co -morbid condition in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Some studies have been done in Western populations; there are currently no studies on depression prevalence in ACS patients in AHSA.

Objectives: To explore the prevalence of depression in the adult Saudi population in Ahsa city with ACS attending the clinic and inpatient at Prince Sultan Cardiac center.

Methodology: this is an observational, cross-sectional study use convenience sample. Patient Health Questionnaire -9 questionnaire and criteria used to calculate the severity of depression.

Result: A total of 50 patients were included in the study diagnosed with ACS. 14 of these patients were free from depression.18 were mild, 10 were Moderate and 8 were severe.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), Prince Sultan Cardiac center.

Title: Depression in Acute Coronary Syndrome in AHSA City

Author: Muhammad A. Albarut, Abdulaziz I. Alwadani, Mussab S. Alarfaj, Abdullah S. Alusail, Abdulaziz S. Alkalouf, Mohammed I. Alsaleh, Abdullah M. Alnaeem

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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Abstract: This article provides an overview of the many areas of this this disease and provides guidelines for evaluating hematuria for primary care providers. We discuss the common etiologies, diagnosis and highlight the management. We conducted search through databases; PubMed, and Embase for articles published to October, 2017. Blood in urine - recognized clinically as hematuria. The majority of the disorders that might trigger hematuria are "nonsurgical, non-urological" illness and need to be managed by a general physician. Usually blood in the urine is not life-threating, nevertheless, it should not be neglected. All situations of hematuria need to be assessed by a physician that could order examinations to verify or eliminate the cause. There is no particular therapy for hematuria, since it’s symptom are not certain. That’s why, therapy should be focused on the underlying reason.

Keywords: hematuria, red blood cells (RBCs), primary care providers.

Title: Overview of Etiology and Roles of Family Physicians in Diagnosis of Hematuria

Author: Abdulmajeed Aboud Alotaibi, Dareen Mohammed Ali Alharbi, Abdullah Dakhel Aldekhayel, Abdulkareem Marzooq Alotaibi, Abdullah Ali Abdullah Alghamdi, Nawaf Obid Alotibi

International Journal of Healthcare Sciences   

ISSN 2348-5728 (Online)

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