Vol 11 Issue 2 October 2023-March 2024

Abstract: This research says about opportunities and challenges faced by women during startups. Women constitute the circle of relatives, which leads to the improvement of society and state. The social and monetary development of women is important for the general monetary advancement of any society or a country. Entrepreneurship incorporates task activities that are the center of the popularity of various possibilities, creativity, and innovation in the production manner and improvement of new commercial enterprise fashions and ventures. Entrepreneurship performs a main position in growing society of a fast developing like India.

Keywords: women entrepreneurs, opportunities and challenges faced, new commercial enterprise fashions and ventures, women during startups.

Title: A STUDY OF OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FACED BY WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN INDIA

Author: KUMKUM GURBANI

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 445-452

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 25-March-2024

Abstract: The performance of the project has consistently demonstrated a significant correlation with Monitoring and Evaluation. As evident on a global scale, both private and public sectors have embraced M&E systems in their projects, leading to commendable project achievements. While M&E approaches are not new in Kitui County, the performance of certain key county development projects leaves much to be desired. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the influence of stakeholder participation approach on the performance of the Umaa dam project in Kitui County, Kenya. A descriptive research design was implemented to carry out this study. The focus of the study was on the Umaa dam project in Kitui County, and a total of 45 respondents were selected from various sectors and organizations involved in the project, including county and national government, contracting, and consultation organizations. The study participants were provided with semi-structured questionnaires to collect primary data. Descriptive analysis was used to calculate frequencies, means, and standard deviations, while inferential statistics such as correlation and regression analysis were employed to assess the strength of relationships between variables. The study findings revealed that stakeholder participation approach had a positive and significant influence on the performance of the Umaa dam project in Kitui County, Kenya. The study concluded that stakeholder participation in M&E activities can ensure that all relevant stakeholders have a clear understanding of the evaluation process's objectives and purpose. The study recommended that project managers should engage with stakeholders during the planning stages, involve them in the data collection process, and share the findings of M&E with them.

Keywords: Stakeholder Participation Approach, Project Performance.

Title: INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION APPROACH ON THE PERFORMANCE OF UMAA DAM PROJECT IN KITUI COUNTY, KENYA

Author: Priscillah Mutethya John, Dr. Morrisson Mutuku

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 437-444

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 22-March-2024

Abstract: Construction projects require considerable resources. Optimizing the construction project cost is a crucial task for maximizing the value and ensuring the project success. Value Engineering (VE) has emerged as a key approach to minimize project costs while preserving the essential functions of building components; meanwhile, an innovative technology such as Building Information Modeling (BIM) offers enormous potential to enhance and support the VE process at early stage of the project's life cycle. BIM is a collaborative digital platform that is used in the construction industry to plan, design, construct and manage construction projects. BIM enables the integration of various project elements, such as geometry, relationships, material quantities and schedules. BIM facilitates efficient collaboration among the project stakeholders by saving time and optimizing project outputs.

limited studies have highlighted the importance of integrating BIM with VE. Furthermore, there remains a significant research gap in the research field regarding a specific framework for practitioners on how to manage construction projects through the BIM-VE integration. To address this gap, this study aims to perform a comprehensive Scientometric Analysis and Bibliometric Review of the available literature on the BIM, VE and BIM-VE integration by utilizing the Scopus database and employing research software VOSviewer.

Keywords: Value Engineering, Building Information Modeling, BIM, Construction Projects, Scientometric Analysis, Bibliometric Review.

Title: Exploring the Synergy: A Scientometric Analysis and Bibliometric Review of Value Engineering and Building Information Modeling Integration in Construction Projects

Author: Ahmed Mohammed Abdelalim, Ahmed Elhakeem, Salah Omran, Ahmed Mahmoud Elsayed

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 397-417

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 19-March-2024

Abstract: Personality traits which are an enduring qualities and behaviour are one of the most crucial aspects of human life that can affect all human behaviours and work performance. Employees with different personality dimensions tend to behave in definite ways as they shoulder their responsibility in their various organizations. This study aims to investigate the relationship between personality dimensions and unethical behaviour in the workplace and to explore the relationship between personality dimensions and lateness behavior in the workplace. A total of seventy (70) bankers were selected through simple random sample from five (5) banks in Onitsha, Anambra state to participate in this study. The participants were 43(61.4%) males and 27 (38.6%) females. Their ages ranged from 21 24 to 55 years with a mean age of 32.84 years and standard deviation of 5.79. The instruments were: Big five Personality Inventory by John, 1991. Organizational Lateness behaviour scale by Koslowsky and Dishon-Berkovits, (2008) and Unethical Behaviour tendency scale by Tang and Waterford (1997). The design of the study was a survey design while Pearson Product Moment Correlation Statistics was adopted for data analysis. The findings of the study showed that there was no significant relationship between personality dimensions and attitude to lateness behaviour in the workplace and a slight relationship between personality dimensions and unethical behaviour in the workplace. It is recommended that the management of the various organizations should take into cognition personality dimensions of the employees in their workplace during appraisal year and refer for deeper assessment workers found to have personality issues for proper professional help. More so, the management should address whatever issues that will affect the workers’ personality dimensions not only to enhance the employees’ performance of employees but as well to help checkmate unethical behaviours in the workplaces.

Keywords: personality dimension, unethical, lateness, behaviour, workplace.

Title: The study of the relationship between personality dimension, unethical and lateness behaviour in the workplace

Author: Ezeoma Chinedu Patrick, Okoli Paul Chibuike, Nwobi Esther Uchenna, Igbokwe Lynda Ifunanya, Ofojebe Chukwuma Philip, Chinawa Francis Chukwuemeka, Okpara Titus Chukwubuzo, Chime Peter Ekpunobi, Magaji Nyamaai Cephas, Ekwo Jude Chukwudi, Eze Uchenna Gerald, Anike Raphael Ugwu, Agu Grace Uchechukwu, Onah Ikedichukwu Luke, Nnaemeka Ifeoma Josephine, Enukora Nkiru

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 427-436

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 21-March-2024

Abstract: Performance of solid waste management projects in Juba City remains a challenge and becomes an issue in developmental projects mainly in environment due to lack of policy framework, governance, insecurity including inefficient utilization resources, schedule delays in completing activities and achieving milestone in South Sudan. Juba, the capital, environmental pollution is now a serious issue in the city, which makes the citizens’ lives less sanitary and sometimes unsafe. As a result, the Juba City Council must create a strategy to enhance the effectiveness of the solid waste management initiatives inside each Block. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the influence of stakeholder involvement on performance of SWM projects in Kator Block, Juba, South Sudan. A descriptive survey research design was used in the study. The study focused on three active solid waste management initiatives and used 200 respondents as a sample. Primary data for the study were gathered via a semi-structured questionnaire. For this study, data in both quantitative and qualitative forms were gathered. Quantitative data was analyzed and presented in tables, charts, and graphs using descriptive statistics like mean and standard deviation. Using multiple regression analysis and correlation analysis, two forms of inferential statistics, the study examined the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. These were made with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0. The results of the study showed that the performance of SWM projects in Kator Block, Juba, South Sudan, was positively significantly impacted by stakeholder involvement. The study comes to the conclusion that stakeholders are an integral part of every business and project, and that their participation and contribution ensures any project's success. The study recommends that it is crucial for all stakeholders to fully understand the goals and processes of a project in order to guarantee its success.

Keywords: Stakeholder Involvement, Project Performance.

Title: INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SWM PROJECTS IN KATOR BLOCK, JUBA, SOUTH SUDAN

Author: Buay Deng Chuol, Dr. Lucy Ngugi

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 418-426

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 20-March-2024

Abstract: Managing a bank's portfolio effectively, maximizing returns and minimizing risks all at once, while being constrained by management and regulatory requirements, is no easy feat. While concentrating on the removal of current risk classes, this article addresses relevant topics in the banking industry's portfolio diversification. Focusing on commercial banks in Kenya, this study evaluates the theoretical and empirical foundations of portfolio diversification as a strategy for banks operating in a nation like Kenya. This research set out to address the limitations that Kenyan banks face by building a multi-objective strategy for achieving an optimum balance sheet, using the present situation as a starting point. The purpose of the research was to find out how different types of deposit portfolios affected the bottom lines of Kenyan commercial banks. Research methods that were used in the study were descriptive and correlational. The study's intended participants were the 43 commercial banks that have obtained formal licenses from the Central Bank of Kenya by the end of 2018. Data for the study came from a variety of sources, including the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, the World Bank, the Central Bank of Kenya, the published financial accounts statements of all 43 commercial banks in Kenya, and the Banking survey publications. The data was analyzed using time series and cross-sectional unbalanced secondary panel methods. The study covered the years 2003–2018. Existing pair-wise correlations between the studied variables were examined in the study. Financial performance was positively impacted by the diversification of deposits. According to the research, portfolio management should have safeguards in place to reduce risk. Commercial banks should prioritize building trust, creating diverse marketing tactics, and determining the optimal asset combination for efficient portfolio diversification.

Keywords: Deposits Portfolio, Financial Performance, Commercial Banks, Banks’ Portfolio Diversification.

Title: Effect of Deposits Portfolio on the Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya

Author: Dr. Stephen Githaiga Ngware, Dr. Kevin Ogonji Muluka

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 385-396

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 19-March-2024

Abstract: The selection of a financial structure is one of the most difficult tasks that commercial enterprises must complete. The choice of financial structure is crucial since it impacts the companies’ the company’s financial results. Since retained earnings may not be available or adequate, total debt is a major source of financing for many expanding businesses. On the other hand, if businesses choose poorly for debt financing, the result could be excessive capital costs and a decline in overall financial performance. This study aimed at investigating the effect of firm age and asset tangibility on total debt of firms listed on Nairobi Securities Exchange. Study was anchored on pecking order theory and trade off theory. The study utilized descriptive research design. The study used secondary data from annual accounting report of quoted firms on Nairobi securities exchange. Data analysis was performed in order to convert obtained data into a format that can be used for interpretation and conclusion. Because the study was based on panel data, the analysis was based on panel regression. Firm age had a negative and insignificant effect on total debt. Result showed a negative and significant relationship between asset tangibility and total debt. Due to the negative effect, firms especially new to the market should explore alternative options such as venture capital, equity financing carefully considering all possibilities.

Keywords: Asset Tangibility, Firm Age, Pecking Order Theory, Trade off Theory and Total Debt Theory.

Title: EFFECT OF FIRM AGE AND ASSET TANGIBILITY ON TOTAL DEBT OF FIRMS LISTED AT THE NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE, KENYA

Author: Oliver Mukweyi Pyoko

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 379-384

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 19-March-2024

Abstract: The study sought to examine the effect of board characteristics on financial performance of microfinance banks in Kenya. It delves into the effect of board size, gender representation, and board independence on the financial standing of these institutions. Theoretical framework comprises of agency, resource dependency, institutional and stewardship theories respectively. Research data was collected over time frame 2015-2022. To illuminate the hidden patterns and relationships within the data, a panel of secondary data extracted from audited financial reports and records was subjected to rigorous scrutiny. The outcome unveiled a positive but statistically insignificant effect of board size on financial performance; board composition of the selected banks affected the selected microfinance banks’ financial performance negatively with such effect being insignificant in Kenya; and board independence inversely but insignificantly affected these selected microfinance banks’ financial performance in Kenya. The survey suggests that the management of selected microfinance banks in Kenya should contemplate reducing the size of the board to enhance financial performance.

Keywords: Board Characteristics, Board Size, Board Independence, Board Composition and Financial Performance.

Title: BOARD CHARACTERISTICS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED MICROFINANCE BANKS IN KENYA

Author: Fardowsa Ibrein Ibrahim, Caroline Kimutai

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 368-378

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 18-March-2024

Abstract: The air transport industry, a vital global economic component, has evolved significantly over the past century. Operational Research (OR) has played a pivotal role in driving aviation growth, particularly since the advent of the jet era. This paper explores OR’s substantial contributions to air transport, with a focus on scheduling, fleet allocation, hub planning, and queuing theory.

In Section 2, we delve into classic scheduling challenges, including crew assignments and routing. OR’s large-scale optimization methods have propelled this field forward. Section 3 further investigates Hub Planning and Queuing Theory, optimizing flight schedules through both point-to-point and hub-and-spoke systems.

The paper meticulously examines Schedule Planning and Cost Minimization, exploring feasible solutions for crew and plane assignments. Fleet Allocation and Cost Reduction are addressed using network flow problems. Despite its drawbacks, Hub Planning proves advantageous due to efficiency, passenger convenience, and network growth. Additionally, Behavioral Operations Research integrates human behaviour into operational scheduling, especially in seasonality analysis.

The final section introduces Queuing Theory as a powerful tool for analysing airport runway systems amidst the ever-growing air traffic. We discuss key components such as arrival characteristics, waiting line dynamics, and service facility characteristics. Queuing equations are presented to estimate the expected number of units in the system and the queue.

In conclusion, this research paper provides a comprehensive overview of OR’s historical impact on the air transport industry. By highlighting its evolution, challenges, and contributions to scheduling, fleet allocation, hub planning, and queuing theory, we recognize the critical role OR continues to play in shaping the future of aviation.

Keywords: air transport industry, vital global economic component, driving aviation growth, future of aviation.

Title: A STUDY ON APPLICATION OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH IN AVIATION INDUSTRY

Author: Shraddha Sarin, Sakshi Agrawal, Sakshi Goel, Shivam Jhajharia, Sahil Nagpal

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 362-367

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 12-March-2024

Abstract: Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation idea started through the recognition of the traditional M&E shortcomings and the urge to give strength and depth to contributing to Primary stakeholders as participants who are active in intervening and taking leadership. Infrastructure development has been of great concern in Kenya with reports of low-quality bridges, buildings and road projects among others causing loss of people’s lives. There have been undesirable cases of infrastructural development such as infrastructural projects being done without meeting the required standards. The public is not involved during the drafting of projects and implementation as required by law that public participation is a requirement in all government projects. There is need for a well constituted M&E membership that enabled extensive evaluation of infrastructural projects. The main goal was to find out the effect of participant’s technical expertise on the performance influence in County government funded infrastructural projects’ in Bomet County, Kenya. The study deployed descriptive and explanatory survey research design. The infrastructural projects in the county of Bomet was used by this study. This research targeted stakeholders in the County Government, County Assembly, Contractors, and the public in Bomet. Census was deployed based on the small number of respondents. Data was collected using questionnaires. Questionnaires were designed, and this formed a major source of data for the research. Questionnaires are highly reliable and Valid because uniform set of questions can be asked. The data was scrutinized/analyzed by way of descriptive statistics, its visualization was by way of tables. Inferential statistics utilized multiple linear regression model and correlation analysis. The results revealed that participants’ technical expertise had monumental beneficial impact on the infrastructural quality of the project. The participant in M&E had construction skills and technical skills that assisted in ascertaining the quality of project. The study concluded that there was consensus among respondents regarding the pivotal role of participants' M&E technical expertise in influencing project quality. The study recommends that it is imperative to invest in continuous training for M&E personnel through workshops, seminars, and certifications, ensuring they remain updated with industry standards and best practices.

Keywords: Participants technical expertise, Project Performance.

Title: EFFECT OF PARTICIPANT’S TECHNICAL EXPERTISE ON PERFORMANCE OF COUNTY GOVERNMENT-FUNDED INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN BOMET COUNTY, KENYA

Author: Koech Kipkorir Elisha, Ms. Gladys Kimutai

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 355-361

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 11-March-2024

Abstract: This study scrutinized the impact of government effectiveness as a governance practice on sustainable peace in North Kivu Province, in DRC (Democratic Republic of Congo). Rooted in functionalism theory, the study adopted a positivism philosophy and employed a correlational research design to delineate functional interconnections between the identified variables. Employing a questionnaire survey integrated with open-ended qualitative questions, the study gathered data from a cohort of 250 respondents domiciled in the city of Goma. Findings confirmed a positive and significant relationship between government effectiveness and sustainable peace, thereby rejecting the research hypothesis. This implies that an increase in government effectiveness would contribute to a linear increment in sustainable peace, thereby affirming the application of the functionalism theory. Nonetheless, an analysis of descriptive statistics reveals a discouraging indication of the DRC government's effectiveness in North Kivu Province. The government grapples with the challenge of maintaining a proficient civil service capable of executing decisions and policies with efficacy, seemingly lacking a results-oriented approach. Moreover, instances of public service delivery, when they occur, frequently fall short of acceptable quality standards.  Factors contributing to the ineffectiveness of the government encompass, but are not confined to, the persistent presence of armed groups, hindering its operational capacities. Additionally, government-funded goods and services often evade rigorous quality inspections, leading to prolonged delays in delivery and diminished citizen satisfaction levels. Other factors contributing to the lack of effectiveness include; incompetence, corruption, a dearth of political will, delayed or absent remuneration for civil servants, and infiltration of public institutions, notably the military, and foreign entities, including foreign armed forces. The study recommends the establishment of robust institutions, including an efficient National Police Service, army, and other national public service institutions that can respond promptly to the population's needs concerning security, political stability, economic stability, and development in the province. Additionally, collaborative efforts between the population and government institutions are encouraged to achieve sustainable peace.

Keywords: Governance, Governance practice, Effectiveness, Sustainable Peace.

Title: GOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESS AND SUSTAINABLE PEACE IN NORTH KIVU PROVINCE, IN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (DRC)

Author: Luc Ansobi Loneli, Dr. Joyce Amuhaya, Dr. Millicent Mboya, Dr. Evelyn Datche

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 342-354

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 26-February-2024

Abstract: This paper explored the influence of community participation on performance of development projects in Rwanda. A case study of Water Aid Rwanda Project (WARP) in Ruhuha sector in Bugesera District. Specifically, the objectives of this study were to find out the influence of involvement of community in information sharing and resource contribution on the performance of development projects in Ruhuha sector in Bugesera District.  Descriptive survey design was chosen for the study using quantitative and qualitative approach. The study sampled 395 respondents taken as sample size. Data were collected by using of questionnaires and interview. The study used Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 to analyse data. The findings from the study indicated that communities have not fully participated in project cycle especially in information sharing as agreed by 63.6%, and 76.4% were satisfied when contributing resources. The study established that community participation through information sharing and resource contribution.  The study indicated the adjusted r2 value of 0.619 which indicates that the multiple linear regression model that could explain for approximately 62% iof the variations in performance of WARP project. The study reveals that some interventions need to be undertaken in order to achieve optimum community participation. The researcher suggested recommendations that the government to carry out a stakeholder mapping exercise in order to profile all stakeholders undertaking development initiatives.

Keywords: Community participation, performance, development project, information system, decision making, financial institutions, information sharing and resource contribution.

Title: INFLUENCE OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION ON PERFORMANCE OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN RWANDA. A CASE STUDY OF WATER AID RWANDA PROJECT (WARP) IN RUHUHA SECTOR IN BUGESERA DISTRICT

Author: Christian RUKUNDO, Dr. GACHIRI Wilson

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 327-341

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 21-February-2024

Abstract: The transition from agricultural to non-agricultural land has become a national issue in Indonesia. Land conversion has resulted in the reduction of food-productive agricultural land and has had a negative impact on achieving food security. Therefore, the author proposes an initiative to formulate a formulation of a food sufficiency index and minimum food area to achieve food sufficiency for rice and can also be used to achieve sufficiency for other types of food. Using data sourced from the Department of Agriculture and Food Security, the Central Statistics Agency of North Lombok Regency and West Nusa Tenggara Province to determine the status of rice food adequacy and the minimum food area required to achieve food sufficiency. As a result, North Lombok Regency is included in the vulnerable category food rice, except in 2018, including sufficient food rice. The variables determining rice food adequacy are the area of paddy fields h , planting index, rice productivity per hectare, and rice food consumption per person per year.

Keywords: Rice Food Sufficiency Index, Department of Agriculture and Food Security, Central Statistics Agency.

Title: A Rice Food Sufficiency Index and Sustainable Food Agricultural Land Needs (SFAL) in North Lombok Regency

Author: Tajidan Tajidan, Kisman, L. Sukardi, Hirsanuddin, Sahri

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 314-326

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 12-February-2024

Abstract: Aspiring business owners now have a variety of chances to launch businesses with minimal entry barriers and high growth potential thanks to the rise of digital entrepreneurship. In today's constantly changing digital environment, digital entrepreneurs can succeed by combining the correct amounts of innovation, technology, and consumer focus. The study’s primary objective is to see how effective digital marketing for online food sellers. The researched study employed a descriptive survey method, with qualitative and quantitative designs used to analyze the result of the online survey respectively. Toward the end, the research will be driven by the potential impact of strategic digital marketing what to do and focus in the specific parts of digital marketing.

Keywords: Digital Marketing, Online, Entrepreneurs, Social Media.

Title: EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL MARKETING TO ONLINE FOOD SELLERS

Author: Gerald Allen R. Negrosa, Elwin G. Pamaran, Jimford U. Tabuyo

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 296-313

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 27-January-2024

Abstract: Globally, creation of credit by banks has had different influences on financial development and overall economic growth. People used to save their money to buy particular goods and services, but today they may get loans from commercial banks and receive the future cash flow right away. In this study, the researcher established the effect of credit creation in commercial banks on social economic welfare of the customers. Under this exploration the study focused on Credit Creation as an independent variable and Social Economic Welfare as a dependent variable.  Credit Creation was measured in three dimensions which were Credit accessibility, Macro-Economic Conditions and Bank’s Credit Policies. While Social Economic Welfare was measured through Social economic class (Ubudehe), Ability to meet basic needs and Financial Savings. The study used descriptive research design and Correlation research design. The study population was 1916 while a sample size was 331. The researcher collected primary data which were collected using questionnaires.

On the first objective, coefficient on Credit accessibility was assessed to find out its effect on the social economic welfare and test the null hypothesis. The results revealed that Credit accessibility has significant effect on social economic welfare (β=0.282 t-statics= 11.791 P- value=0.000), the null hypothesis was rejected, and the researcher accepted the alternative hypothesis of the study basing on the fact that obtained P-value of 0.000 was less than the significance level of 0.05. Therefore, Credit accessibility has a significant effect on Social Economic welfare of commercial bank’s customer in Rwanda.

On the second objective, the Coefficient on Macro-Economic conditions was assessed to find out its effect on the social economic welfare and test the null hypothesis. The results revealed that (β=0.125 t-statics =5.212 P- value=0.001), hence the null hypothesis was rejected, and the researcher accepted the alternative hypothesis of the study basing on the fact that obtained P-value of 0.001 was less than the significance level of 0.05. On the Third objective, coefficient on Bank Credit Policies was assessed to find out its effect on the social economic welfare and test the null hypothesis. The findings revealed that (β=-0.253 t-statics =-3.492 P- value=0.001), hence the null hypothesis was rejected, and the researcher accepted the alternative hypothesis of the study basing on the fact that obtained P-value of 0.001 was less than the significance level of 0.05. Therefore, the study concludes Bank’s credit Policies has no significant effect on the social economic welfare of customers in Rwanda.

In conclusion, the findings from this study shed light on the significant role of credit creation on social economic welfare of the customers in commercial banks in Rwanda, case study Access bank Rwanda PLC. The research was conducted with a focus on three key aspects of credit creation: Credit accessibility, Macro-economic conditions, and Bank Credit policies. It is perceived that credit creation has played a vital role in promoting the social economic welfare of the customers as it enhances access to liquidity that is used in investments, acquiring personal needs.

Keywords: Credit Creation, commercial banks, social economic welfare, Bank Credit policies.

Title: EFFECT OF CREDIT CREATION IN COMMERCIAL BANKS ON SOCIAL ECONOMIC WELFARE OF THE CUSTOMERS IN RWANDA: CASE STUDY OF ACCESS BANK RWANDA PLC.

Author: NIZEYIMANA JEAN LUC

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 11, Issue 2, October 2023 - March 2024

Page No: 285-295

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 26-January-2024