Vol 13 Issue 4 October 2025-December 2025

Abstract: Syncope, defined as a transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) accompanied by an inability to maintain postural tone and followed by complete recovery, is caused by a temporary reduction in cerebral perfusion. It is a common clinical condition with varying prevalence across demographics and settings.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence, predisposing factors, causes, and triggers of syncope among undergraduate students of the College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire distributed among 357 students. The participants included 146 males (40.9%) and 211 females (59.1%), aged between 16 and 30 years, with a mean age of 24.23 ± 0.84 years.

Among the participants, 44 students (12.3%) reported experiencing syncope, while 313 (87.7%) had no history of syncope. Additionally, 52.7% experienced presyncope symptoms without actual fainting. Common triggers of presyncope included rapid postural changes, head turning, physical exertion, post-exercise recovery, sleep deprivation, medication use, heat exposure, and fasting or hunger. Reported underlying conditions associated with syncope included peptic ulcers, allergies, hypertension, pneumonia, anemia, chest pain, and asthma. The first episode of syncope was most frequently reported between the ages of 16 and 20 years. Notably, only a small percentage of individuals who experienced syncope sought medical attention.

Early recognition of syncope warning signs and the application of preventive strategies such as physical counter-pressure maneuvers, adequate hydration, and liberal salt intake can help reduce incidence. Further research is recommended in clinical and broader population-based settings, especially in developing countries where current data on syncope are limited or outdated.

Keywords: Prevalence, Presyncope, Students, Syncope, Triggers, Undergraduate.

Title: Prevalence and Triggers of Syncope among Undergraduate Students in a Nigerian University: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author: Afuberoh Francis Chukwudi, Edwin Nwobodo, Ezeokafor Emmanuel Nonso, Ikechukwu Maryann, Anyaogu Charles Chinemeze, Okoye Ogochukwu Fidelis

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 175-184

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Published Date: 22-October-2025

Abstract: The aim of the study was to examine the effects of marketing promotion strategies on the sales performance of agricultural inputs, with a case of YARA Tanzania Limited. The study specifically focused on examining the effects of advertisements on sales performance of agricultural inputs. A mixed-methods research design was adopted, integrating both quantitative and qualitative approaches to provide comprehensive insights. The sample size comprised 19 purposively selected respondents from key departments, including marketing, digital, customer service and commercial operations. Primary data were collected using interviews, while secondary data were obtained through documentary reviews of sales and marketing records from 2020 to 2024. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0, while qualitative data were analyzed through thematic content analysis. Findings revealed that advertisements played a strategically significant role in amplifying sales performance when aligned with seasonal agricultural cycles. Print media, including brochures, posters and banners, were found to be particularly effective in rural areas, reinforcing knowledge and building customer trust, while the digital platforms such as facebook, Youtube and Instagram were found to be effective for urban based customers. The months with active advertising spending consistently recorded higher sales volumes and revenues, while periods without advertising investment corresponded with lower performance. Advertisements acted as catalysts by creating awareness and visibility. Conclusively, the study demonstrates that advertisement is an indispensable component of YARA Tanzania Limited’s promotional mix. Its effectiveness lies in the clarity, timing and relevance of messages rather than the volume of resources invested. Strategic alignment of advertising with farming cycles remains essential for driving sustainable sales growth. It is recommended that agricultural companies should develop advertising calendars that closely align with the seasonal agricultural cycles as well as utilize a mix of digital and traditional media channels to reach farmers effectively. Companies should also ensure that agricultural inputs are readily available in the market during peak seasons to capitalize on the increased demand generated by advertising efforts. Incorporation of educational content in advertising campaigns plays pivotal role in empowering farmers with knowledge on best practices, product usage and benefits, thereby enhancing product value and loyalty. Furthermore, the input companies are advised to regularly assess the effectiveness of advertising campaigns and adjust strategies as needed to optimize sales performance.

Keywords: Advertisement, Sales Performance, Marketing Promotion Strategies, Agricultural Inputs

Title: The Effects of Marketing Promotion Strategies on Sales Performance of Agricultural Inputs in Tanzania: A Case of Yara Tanzania Limited

Author: Andrew Exaud, Dr. Blandina Kisawike

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 166-174

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Published Date: 20-October-2025

Abstract: This study examined the use of ReadTheory, a Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) platform, to support English reading development at a Saudi technical college. Two EFL classes were compared in a quasi-experimental design, where one followed regular instruction and the other completed weekly ReadTheory sessions. Reading proficiency was assessed using the Cambridge B1 Preliminary Reading section before and after the intervention, and results were analyzed with standard parametric and non-parametric tests in Excel. The ReadTheory class showed significantly stronger gains than the control class. A companion student survey indicated generally positive perceptions of the platform, especially enjoyment, interest, and practice, although motivation from badges and progress reports was mixed, with most students still rating them positively. Even with generalizability being somewhat limited by the small, all-male sample and the use of intact classes, the findings suggest that ReadTheory can be a practical classroom supplement when teachers guide its use, while also pointing to the need for ways to boost students’ motivation beyond course requirements.

Keywords: ReadTheory, Saudi Arabia, Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL), English as a Foreign Language (EFL), reading comprehension, quasi-experimental research.

Title: The Impact of ReadTheory.org on Reading Skills at a Saudi Technical College

Author: William D. Monroe, Jr., Reema Nofal

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 158-165

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Published Date: 20-October-2025

Abstract: This study examined the influence of stakeholder engagement on the sustainability of the Kaizen Project implemented by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) under the Water and Sanitation Corporation (WASAC) in Rwanda. A mixed-method research design integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches was adopted. Data were collected from 178 respondents drawn from WASAC management, M&E officers, JICA experts, and community beneficiaries using questionnaires and interviews. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed, and findings revealed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.684, p < 0.001) between stakeholder engagement and project sustainability. Qualitative findings underscored that transparent communication, participatory planning, and continuous capacity building foster ownership and accountability. The study concludes that effective stakeholder engagement enhances institutional performance, improves project relevance, and ensures long-term sustainability beyond donor support. It recommends that WASAC institutionalize participatory feedback mechanisms and integrate stakeholder collaboration into strategic planning frameworks to sustain Kaizen outcomes.

Keywords: Stakeholder Engagement, Sustainability, Kaizen Project, JICA, WASAC, Monitoring and Evaluation, Rwanda.

Title: THE INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE KAIZEN PROJECT IN RWANDA

Author: Alphonsinah MBABAZI, Dr. Naomi Nduta NJOROGE

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 152-157

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Published Date: 18-October-2025

Abstract: The English language plays an important role in the daily lives of people all around the world, non the less the Nursing students who will be working in medical atmosphere. Till this day, there is a population of students that still find learning English difficult. This paper will mainly focus on one aspect, which is lack of motivation. This paper will look at causes of lack of motivation to learn, as well as the impacts of such lack, and the ways to resolve this. Teachers must be aware of this dilemma that might not be apparent but still causes great hindrance in learning. Teachers must look at ways to solve lack of motivation by using effective teaching strategies and motivation skills and strategies through differentiation of teaching.

Keywords: ESL, effective teaching methods and strategies, motivation skills, differentiation.

Title: Lack of Motivation in ESL students and Effective Teaching Skills

Author: Altaaf Ahmad

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 146-151

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Published Date: 17-October-2025

Abstract: This study examined the role of international partnerships and diplomatic engagements in enhancing NGO programs for poverty reduction in Rwanda, focusing on Caritas Rwanda. The study adopted a mixed-method design integrating both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Primary and secondary data were used to assess how collaborations with international partners, donor agencies, and diplomatic missions influence the efficiency, sustainability, and scalability of poverty reduction initiatives implemented by Caritas. A sample of 100 respondents, including Caritas staff, local beneficiaries, and partner representatives, was selected using purposive and random sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS (version 26). Findings revealed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.812**) between international partnerships and the effectiveness of poverty reduction programs. Qualitative analysis further indicated that diplomatic engagements facilitate knowledge transfer, capacity building, and advocacy for policy reforms supportive of NGO operations. The study concluded that international collaborations significantly enhance NGO program sustainability and recommended that Caritas strengthen partnership management, improve donor communication strategies, and align its initiatives with Rwanda’s Vision 2050 development framework.

Keywords: International partnerships, Diplomatic engagement, Poverty reduction, NGO programs, Caritas Rwanda, Development cooperation.

Title: THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIPS AND DIPLOMATIC ENGAGEMENTS IN ENHANCING NGO PROGRAMS FOR POVERTY REDUCTION IN RWANDA: A CASE OF CARITAS RWANDA

Author: Francois Xavier MUTUYIMANA, Dr. Francis Maina MARARO

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 138-145

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Published Date: 17-October-2025

Abstract: Particularly in post-conflict settings, peace education has become more popular throughout the world as a means of advancing rights, empathy, and social cohesiveness. Following the 1994 genocide against the Tutsis, it has become a fundamental component of Rwanda's Competence-Based Curriculum (CBC), which aims to develop responsible and peaceful citizens. This study investigates how secondary school teachers in the Rwamagana District view peace education and how it is included in their lesson plans.

Semi-structured interviews and classroom observations were conducted with ten teachers and two head teachers who were specifically chosen from secondary schools using the CBC as a part of a qualitative research approach. The framework developed by Braun and Clarke (2006) was used to analyze the data thematically.

The results show that educators see peace education as essential to helping students develop civic engagement, emotional intelligence, and unity.  However, workload pressure, inadequate teaching resources, and a lack of training impede implementation. Although there is still a lack of institutional consistency, teachers use innovative techniques like roleplaying, story telling and debate to promote peaceful principles. 

According to the study’s findings, peace education has the capacity to significantly improve moral growth and national unity. To guarantee that peace education develops into a cross-cutting, sustainable practice within Rwanda's CBC framework, it suggests enhancing institutional support, updating curriculum materials, and bolstering teacher professional development.

Keywords: Peace education, Teachers' perception, competence-based curriculum (CBC), Rwanda.

Title: Exploring Teachers’ Perceptions of Peace Education and Its Integration into the Competence-Based Curriculum in Rwanda: A Qualitative Study of Practices, Challenges, and Transformative Potentials in Secondary schools

Author: Mr.Pierre Chrisologue IMANISHIMWE, Prof.ZHU Hong, Mr.Eric SHEMA, Mr.Florien UWIZEYIMANA, Ms.Delphine NYIRIJAMBO, Mr.MUTABERA Nziza Epimaque

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 130-137

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Published Date: 14-October-2025

Abstract: Artificial intelligence has become a paradigmatic shift in education generally, while simultaneously offering individualized experiences in English language learning. A discussion is presented on how AI is being applied in personalized English language learning, while particular attention is paid to the various tools created to support this initiative, such as adaptive learning systems, chatbots, and automated feedback platforms. Key technologies-machine learning and natural language processing-enable these tools to provide learners with customized content, real-time feedback, and ample opportunity for interactive language skills practice.

This research also underlines the major benefits of AI in improving engagement, increasing accessibility, and enhancing learning efficiency. However, it also brings forth key challenges related to persistent data privacy, socioeconomic barriers in accessing technology, and overdependence on AI tools. Further, considerations of ethical questions around algorithmic biases and the evolving role of educators have been discussed in support of balanced integration of AI.

This paper outlines the potential of AI in bringing about a revolution in english language learning by underlining its limitations, which, in turn, call for human intervention. This study, in its final arguments, advocates for ways the complete potential of AI could be realized and proffers a strong argument for a hybrid model in which the traditional pedagogy should meet AI pedagogy to ensure the inclusion and effectiveness of learning.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence, personalized English language learning, adaptive learning systems, interactive language skills practice.

Title: The Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Personalized English Language Learning

Author: Ms. Abeer Thunayan Mohammad AlAradah, Ms. Safia Habib Hussain Mirza

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 119-129

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Published Date: 14-October-2025

Abstract: Based on quantitative data analysis from a survey of 460 households in rural Ho Chi Minh City, this article analyzes the current state of citizen democratic practice across five levels of participation: People are Informed, People Discuss, People Implement, People Supervise, and People Benefit within the New Rural Construction program. Subsequently, it evaluates the interrelationships between the participation levels. The results indicate a fairly high mean assessment score. Notably, the people benefit level attained the highest score, signifying that the residents perceived tangible benefits from the program. Analysis of the relationships revealed that the people are informed level exhibited a causal relationship, positively influencing both the people implement and people supervise levels.

Keywords: Citizen participation, Democratic practices, New Rural Construction.

Title: DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION OF CITIZENS IN THE NEW RURAL CONSTRUCTION PROGRAM IN HO CHI MINH CITY

Author: Ngo Van Huan

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 109-118

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Published Date: 14-October-2025

Abstract: This paper examines the sustainability of Naga culture and identity amidst the protracted and inconclusive ‘Indo-Naga’ peace process. Rooted in oral traditions, customary law, clan-based governance, agricultural rituals, and ancestral land relations, Naga identity embodies belonging, autonomy, and resistance. Yet this identity has been continually reshaped by armed struggle, fragmented peace initiatives, and the Indian state’s emphasis on sovereignty and territorial integrity. While Nagaland’s statehood in 1963 and subsequent agreements, including the Shillong Accord (1975) and the 1997 ceasefire, sought to incorporate the Naga struggle into India’s constitutional framework, they largely ignored core concerns for cultural rights and recognition. The 2015 Framework Agreement rekindled hopes but excluded key factions and civil society, deepening fragmentation and stalemate.

Drawing on qualitative methods – interviews, narrative analysis, and community observation – this study explores how Naga communities navigate cultural uncertainty, understood here as the ambiguity of sustaining and transmitting traditional knowledge amid unresolved conflict, generational change, and globalization. Findings indicate that cultural sustainability is inseparable from the realization of cultural rights, including autonomy in customary governance, control over ancestral land, and freedom to institutionalize indigenous knowledge. The paper argues that safeguarding Naga identity requires more than a political settlement; it demands a peace process grounded in cultural dignity, plural representation, and a genuine effort to decolonize state-Indigenous relations.

Keywords: Naga identity, cultural sustainability, cultural rights, indigenous people, ‘Indo-Naga’ peace process, political stalemate.

Title: Reimagining Naga Identity: Cultural Sustainability amidst Political Stalemate in the ‘Indo-Naga’ Peace Process

Author: Vizobeinuo Mercy, Dr. Shonreiphy Longvah

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 99-108

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Published Date: 13-October-2025

Abstract: In Tadashi Suzuki’s directing art, his theatrical treatments are highly symbolic, creating distinctive impressions and forming his unique directorial style. His productions of William Shakespeare’s King Lear and Anton Chekhov’s Three Sisters are considered among the many plays where his approaches to character, action, and script are imbued with rich symbolism. Through these works, Suzuki establishes a powerful visual and conceptual language that distinguishes his theatre both in Japan and internationally.

Keywords: Tadashi Suzuki; Symbolism; Directing Art; Theatre; Adaptation.

Title: Symbolism in the Directorial Art of Tadashi Suzuki through Two Plays: King Lear by William Shakespeare and Three Sisters by Anton Chekhov

Author: Duong Thi Thanh Huyen

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 95-98

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Published Date: 12-October-2025

Abstract: Effective evaluation of strategic plans is the backbone of sustainable governance and development, yet many public institutions struggle to translate plans into measurable outcomes. This study explored the challenges faced by Mbeya City Council in evaluating its strategic plans, with a particular focus on institutional capacity. Strategic plan evaluation is crucial for ensuring the successful implementation of development goals, yet public institutions often encounter barriers such as limited financial resources, inadequate technical expertise, and organizational inefficiencies. This study investigated how institutional capacity influenced strategic plan evaluation in Mbeya City Council (MCC). Using an explanatory cross‑sectional design and quantitative approach, the study applied a stratified randomly by selecting a sample of 133 officials (from a ~200‑person population) across key departments. A structured Likert‑scale questionnaire captured perceptions of financial, human, technological, and structural capacity; data were analyzed in SPSS v26 with descriptive statistics and correlation/regression, after expert validation, pilot testing, and reliability checks (Cronbach’s alpha ≥0.70). Results showed capacity is uneven: 51.2% perceived adequate funding and 61.7% viewed the organizational structure as supportive, but only 47.3% affirm sufficient M&E training and 38.3% affirm adequate technology, with sizable neutral or negative responses indicating skill and infrastructure deficits. The study concluded that, gaps in M&E competencies and digital infrastructure constrain evaluation quality and evidence‑based decisions. Hence the study recommend earmarked M&E funding, structured capacity‑building, technology upgrades, and stronger cross‑departmental coordination to institutionalize robust, data‑driven evaluation practices so as to enhance and improve strategic plan evaluation in Mbeya City Council.

Keywords: Institutional Capacity, Strategic Plan Evaluation, Mbeya City Council, Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E).

Title: Challenges of Institutional Capacity in implementing Strategic Plan Evaluation: A Case Study of Mbeya City Council

Author: Famili Tumaini Mshaghira

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 86-94

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Published Date: 12-October-2025

Abstract: Social protection and social security systems are increasingly recognized as vital mechanisms for safeguarding the welfare of workers, yet their accessibility and effectiveness among informal sector workers remain a pressing concern in developing economies. This study examined the influence of the perceived value of social security programs on the engagement of informal sector workers at the SIDO Market in Mbeya, Tanzania. Despite the essential role that social security systems play in providing financial security, workers in the informal sector, particularly in developing countries like Tanzania, face challenges in accessing these benefits. The study highlights that factors such as low income, financial instability, and lack of awareness contribute to the low participation rates in social security programs. It specifically investigates how informal workers perceive the benefits of these programs, focusing on long-term security, healthcare, and income replacement during times of hardship. The findings suggest that while workers recognize the potential long-term benefits, skepticism regarding the reliability and immediate value of the programs remains a significant barrier to engagement. The research further explored how factors like trust in government institutions, financial literacy, and program flexibility impact the willingness of informal sector workers to participate in social security schemes. A lack of trust in the efficiency of benefit disbursement and the perceived complexity of participation are major deterrents. However, the study reveals that when programs offer flexibility, such as mobile-based contributions and tailored outreach strategies, informal workers are more likely to engage. The Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) provide useful frameworks for understanding how workers assess the risks and benefits of engaging in social security programs. These theories emphasize that enhancing workers' perceived ability to participate and addressing their immediate financial concerns could significantly improve engagement rates. Lastly, the study highlights the need for local social security programs to adapt to the unique challenges of informal workers by offering immediate benefits such as healthcare and emergency financial assistance, alongside long-term retirement savings. By addressing the specific needs and concerns of informal sector workers at the SIDO market, policymakers can design more effective outreach strategies that foster trust and improve participation in social security programs. The study concludes by recommending flexible contribution models, increased transparency, and awareness campaigns to boost participation among informal workers.

Keywords: Social Security, Informal Sector, Perceived Value & Engagement.

Title: THE INFLUENCE OF PERCEIVED VALUE OF SOCIAL SECURITY PROGRAMS ON ENGAGEMENT OF INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS AT THE SIDO MARKET -MBEYA

Author: Mwajuma Malizeni, Haji Ng'elenge

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 78-85

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Published Date: 10-October-2025

Abstract: The sustainability of projects funded by Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) continues to be a critical issue, particularly in marginalized and arid areas such as Turkana County, Kenya. Many development initiatives in such regions face challenges of continuity once donor funding ends, often due to limited community involvement and weak ownership structures. This study examined how community participation influences the sustainability of NGO-funded projects in Turkana County by focusing on four key dimensions of participation: needs assessment, project planning, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation (M&E). Guided by the principles of Structural Functionalism, Resource Dependency, and Stakeholder theories, the study adopted a descriptive research design targeting project beneficiaries, local leaders, and NGO personnel. Data were collected from a sample of 212 respondents using structured questionnaires and analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of SPSS (version 26). The findings revealed that community participation has a significant and positive effect on the long-term sustainability of NGO-funded projects. However, participation was found to be limited, particularly in the initial stages of needs assessment and planning, where most community members played passive roles such as providing labor rather than contributing to decision-making. The regression analysis demonstrated a strong positive relationship (R = 0.909; R² = 0.825) between the four dimensions of community participation and project sustainability, indicating that 82.5% of variations in sustainability were explained by the level of community involvement. The study concludes that sustainable project outcomes are more likely when communities are actively engaged throughout the entire project cycle. It recommends that NGOs strengthen participatory approaches by integrating local knowledge, fostering accountability, and building community capacity in planning and monitoring processes. Such inclusive strategies can enhance project ownership, align interventions with local priorities, and ensure that development initiatives continue to deliver value long after external support ends.

Keywords: Community participation, sustainability, NGO, Turkana County, Kenya.

Title: Community Participation and Sustainability of Projects Funded by Non-Governmental Organizations in Turkana County, Kenya

Author: Geoffrey Lokuwam Ipoo, Morrisson Mutuku

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 64-77

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Published Date: 09-October-2025

Abstract: This study explores international students’ perspectives on academic challenges at Northeast Normal University (NENU), focusing on academic difficulties, adaptation strategies, university support, and emotional experiences. Guided by Schlossberg’s Transition Theory (1981), the study aimed to understand how international students perceive and navigate academic transitions within a new environment, addressing the gap in research on student adaptation in non-Western contexts. Using a qualitative design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten international master’s students from diverse national backgrounds, and data were analyzed thematically to ensure credibility and depth. Findings reveal that language barriers, cultural differences in teaching methods, and limited familiarity with academic expectations are the main obstacles to success. Nevertheless, participants demonstrated strong adaptability and resilience through peer collaboration, self-directed learning, and effective time management. While NENU provides valuable academic and social support services, they are often perceived as too general and insufficiently responsive to international students’ distinct needs. The study recommends strengthening language assistance, offering culturally responsive academic counselling, organizing several structured orientation programs, and engaging students in shaping support initiatives. Overall, the findings highlight that creating an inclusive, culturally sensitive and student-centred learning environment is vital for enhancing international students’ academic success and well-being. Importantly, NENU’s continued commitment to academic excellence and global engagement positions it as one of China’s leading universities and a respected university internationally, fostering intercultural growth and scholarly achievement.

Keywords: International Students, Perspectives, Academic Challenges, and Northeast Normal University (NENU).

Title: Exploring International Students’ Perspectives on Academic Challenges: A case study of selected students at Northeast Normal University – China

Author: Mr. Florien UWIZEYIMANA, Prof. XIA XUE, Mr. Pierre Chrisologue IMANISHIMWE, Mr. Theogene NTIRENGANYA

International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 

ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)

Vol. 13, Issue 4, October 2025 - December 2025

Page No: 54-63

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Published Date: 08-October-2025