Vol 6 Issue 2 October 2018-March 2019

Abstract: The success of e-Governance initiatives lies in their adoptability among citizens as well as, the willingness in citizens to adapt them. Understanding of citizens perception, about an online public service and their expectation from the concerned online service, may help service providers to improve the quality of service. Many studies have highlighted the discrepancy or gap between service providers view of design and implementation of a service and citizen or end users’ actual experience with the service. The research verifies the validity and reliability of a proposed e-Governance service quality (citizen perceived) assessment scale, from service providers end. This study attempts to take a look at the understanding, among service providing stakeholders, about citizens’ perception of e-Governance service quality. Responses of service providing stakeholders at different departments of state governments were collected to rate citizen perception of corresponding public services related to their department. Findings of the study may be helpful to the decision making stakeholders in government departments, to take in the citizens’ opinion and expectations from online public services (as experienced reported by the service providing stakeholders ) and for improving service design as well as implementation strategies in the state.

Keywords: E-Governance, E-service Quality Assessment.

Title: Service Providing Stakeholders Perception of Citizen Perceived e-Governance Service Quality: A Study of Online Services in Madhya Pradesh

Author: Alok Malviya

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract:  Highly engaged workers make a substantive contribution to their agency and may envisage success of the organization contrary to this, lead to poor performance, declining productivity, low rate of employee engagement and the behavioural attitude of the bureaucratic system. Inspite of various government intervention and efforts, the Nigerian universities score-card is still a subject of discussion among the management as well as the curious minded citizens as a result of poor performance and inefficiency. The main purpose of this study is to assess the factors affecting employee Engagement Studies. (ii) For the process of validation instrument developed for the current research, and the identified constructs of the study. Data were collected from forty respondents using a fifty-item instrument.  Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software for the data collected. The Cronbach’s Alpha test result ranges from 0.883 to 0.947 which reveal a strong internal reliability of the construct and the overall instrument. This indicates that the research is significant since it explores the implementation of employee engagement in Nigeria Federal Universities of Technology and validates the instrument where most of the constructs still need further exploration.

Keywords: Team and Co-worker relationship, Work environment, Leadership, Training and career development and Employee engagement.

Title: Assessing the Factors Affecting Employee Engagement: a Preliminary Studies

Author: Yusuf Nasidi, A. U. Makera, A.M. Kamaruddeen, I.M. Jemaku

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The objective of this research is to determine if financial risk does have any effect on the cost of capital of commercial banks in Libya. The study was conducted on 4 commercial banks in Libya which were in operation in Libya for the five years of study from 2014 to 2016, by using unbalanced panel data. The various ratios of these commercial banks were computed from the various data collected from the data extracted from their financial statement for the period. The data was then analyzed using linear regression model to establish if there is any significant relationship of the financial risk and cost of capital of these commercial banks. The finding of the analysis concluded that there is no significant relationship between the financial risk and cost of capital of commercial banks in Libya. There was very minimal effect which is negligible and therefore it was concluded that there is no relationship between the financial risk and cost of capital of commercial banks in Libya.

Keywords: Financial Risk, Cost of Capital, Debt Ratio, Return on Assets, Commercial Banks.

Title: THE IMPACT OF BANKING RISKS ON THE CAPITAL OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN LIBYA

Author: Azeddin ARAB

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Choosing the right kind of business model is the key for success for Omani SMEs. SME mode of business is of utmost importance for Omani firms. However, there is a lack of analysis concerning the SME Decision Process (SDP), specifically with regard to small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). The authors study the SDP among SMEs intent on pursuing their business in the Omani industry and how it affects the overall strategy. Using six cases of Omani SMEs, the authors have developed develop a model of the SME SDP. Their results imply that the SDP evolves and goes through various phases. By focusing on the post-entry phase, this study enhances knowledge on decision-making frameworks by linking the traditional marketing literature related to initial SME with “mainstream” international business literature. Furthermore, the study reveals that SMEs adopting a more rational SDP are more likely to succeed as it demonstrates the importance of real options reasoning as a theoretical lens for making SME decisions in the context of SMEs.

Keywords: SME Entrepreneurs; Issues and Challenges; Entry and Expansion.

Title: Issues & Challenges of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises: A case study of Omani Entrepreneurs and SMEs

Author: Dr. Salman Nusrat Zaidi, Ms. Sujata Venkatachari

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine the literature on factors that influence and reshape the future Business Model of universities. It evaluated alternative business model and value proposition for Malaysian Universities of the Future (UotF). This paper adopted the design and system thinking approach. Different customer segments of University have been interviewed. The strategy canvas has been used with business modelling tools such as Business Model Canvas (BMC) and Value Proposition Design Canvas (VPC), these are the modelling tools, they were used to design and evaluate alternative business model and value proposition. It has supposed that the University of the future is linked to a range of business to ensure its sustainability, and to have multiple sources of funding. Therefore, it is recommended to offer a variety of values such as Learning/ Researching/Improve served in several channels, mostly linked to the digital world, and forms balanced future leaders. In our opinion, these generic prototype options will help university decision makers, planners, and relevant stakeholders to continuously enhance and customize the sustainable, agile, and competitive business models.

Keywords: University of the Future, higher education, Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), Business model, Humanising education.

Title: University of the Future: Reshaping Malaysian Universities Relevance through Humanising Education and 4IR

Author: Abdesselam Brahim, Abdul Rahman Ahmad Dahlan

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: India has become the second-largest consumer market and seventh-largest retail market worldwide. The prerequisite for this event was the liberalisation of several sectors of the economy, whereas the main driver was a continuous increase of the gross domestic product. As a consequence, the Indian retail market has shown impressive and constant growth. Retailing has increasingly become an international industry, especially over the last twenty years. The situation will change even more dramatically into the millennium, as retailers from the developed countries become more outward looking in seeking opportunities beyond their local, regional and national markets into emerging markets of developing countries such as India to sustain future company sales and project growth. With the advent of globalization, the retailing has taken a completely new outlook and face so as to cater to the current issues and changing tastes and needs of the consumers. Hence, our article provides a description of the status quo of India’s retail market. It concludes with predictions of plausible further developments.

Keywords: Indian Retailer, Indian Consumer, Shopping Behaviour, Rural India.

Title: Problems and Prospects of Retail Management in India

Author: Dr. Jagdish Prasad Baisantri

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: India has a huge platform where various types of culture are there. In Recent times, Rural India has become the crucial area for the corporate firms where urban markets are saturated with some diverse sets of buyer’s goods. In past decade, the rural market was more unstructured and was not a listed target market for marketers. Now a days, corporate firms are recognized that there are so many competitors & stiff competition as well and clutter of products are available in the urban market and can fabricated a demand in rural areas. The paper describes the challenges and strategies of rural marketing in India. The rural market of India started showing its potential from the 1960s and sound development in 70s and 80s. During 90’s, there was a steady growth of buying influence of rural India, and it is clear to marketers that in 21st century the prospective is going to get occupied gradually. The rural market provides a unique platform to expand their market and established a foothold. The nature and characteristics of rural market is quite unlike as compared to urban market. Therefore, it is essential to understand the characteristics of rural area and take action accordingly. This study is a footstep onward in discovering numerous strategies to be adopted in the rural market along with the current scenario of rural marketing, highlighting the key challenges, opportunities related to that.

Keywords: Rural marketing, Challenges, opportunity in rural marketing, strategies in rural marketing.

Title: Era of Indian Rural Market – Strategies, Challenges & Opportunity

Author: Dr. Maitri Shah, Deepa Khatwani

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: The study aimed at investigating how information technology influences customer service. A target population of 34, which included managers, assistant managers, clerks and sales representatives. Both descriptive and inferential data analysis techniques were used. The study established that information technology had a significant influence on customer service. Banking institution must continue to critically access the needs of customers and adopt continual improvement in technology, strategy and employees to increase organizational performance and competitive advantage. The study recommends that team work be developed in the bank so that employees can support and exchange ideas and there will be easy flow of information, continuous trainings and dedication still needed from the bank to update and equip its employees.

Keywords: Information Technology, Customer Service.

Title: INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON CUSTOMER SERVICE AT KENYA COMMERCIAL BANK KERICHO BRANCH

Author: Margaret Chepkorir, Mr. Dr. Kipkorir Sitienei Chris Simon

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: KRA has been allocated more budgetary support to enhance pay structures of revenue Officers, attract and retain professional staff as well as establishing structures for identifying and dismissing incompetent and corrupt staff. This was necessary since efficient revenue collection was seen as a means to lower Government borrowing and easing pressure on inflation and interest rates as well as increasing Government revenues to meet both recurrent and capital expenditure. This study focused on measures undertaken by KRA to bring reforms that have enhanced National public revenue growth in the recent few years. Kenya’s effectiveness indicators suggest that whilst the tax effort is high, there is potential to increase tax revenue collection as a percentage of GDP by reducing tax gap. The specific objective was to; effect of tax enforcement, Descriptive research design was used. The scope of the study was KRA’s five (5) regional offices namely; Nairobi, Mombasa, Nakuru,Nyeri and Kisumu. The target population was 562 where a sample of 157 respondents was drawn using stratified random sampling technique. Primary data was collected using questionnaires which were both closed ended and open ended. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics were used and multiple regression analysis was run to predict the role tax enforcement, The study found that KRA tax reforms influence National public revenue growth in Kenya. Tax enforcement reforms in KRA should be improved and upgraded to suit both government and citizens. A good tax system should be responsive to economic growth. The research findings were expected to benefit KRA as well as other Government collection agents.

Keyword: Effect, Tax Policy Reforms, Revenue Growth In Kenya:

Title: EFFECT OF TAX POLICY REFORMS ON NATIONAL PUBLIC REVENUE GROWTH IN KENYA

Author: James Nyamu Nyaga, Dr.Assumptah.Wairimu. Kagiri, Dr.Kepha Ombui

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Kenya has been over years faced by challenges of meeting its budgets resulting to too much domestic and external borrowing. KRA has been allocated more budgetary support to enhance pay structures of revenue Officers, attract and retain professional staff as well as establishing structures for identifying and dismissing incompetent and corrupt staff. This was necessary since efficient revenue collection was seen as a means to lower Government borrowing and easing pressure on inflation and interest rates as well as increasing Government revenues to meet both recurrent and capital expenditure. This study focused on measures undertaken by KRA to bring reforms that have enhanced National public revenue growth in the recent few years. Kenya’s effectiveness indicators suggest that whilst the tax effort is high, there is potential to increase tax revenue collection as a percentage of GDP by reducing tax gap. The government budget estimates have grown over a period year from Ksh 508b in 2006/2007 financial year to Ksh 2.2 trillion in 2016/2017 financial year. In spite of these efforts by the government there are still a myriad of problems militating against effective and efficient tax system in Kenya and therefore this study examined the role of tax policy reforms on public revenue growth in Kenya. The specific objectives were to; to determine the effect of tax administration, The scope of the study was KRA’s five (5) regional offices namely; Nairobi, Mombasa, Nakuru, Nyeri and Kisumu. The target population was 562 where a sample of 157 respondents was drawn using stratified random sampling technique. Primary data was collected using questionnaires which were both closed ended and open ended. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics were used and multiple regression analysis was run to predict the role tax administration, ANOVA test was conducted to test the significance of the overall model and a correlation analysis was used to determine the strength of relationship between the variables. The study found that KRA tax reforms influence National public revenue growth in Kenya. Tax administration reforms The emphasis should be increased on improving tax administration to broaden the tax base so that existing tax rates can be reduced without affecting government revenues. The research findings were expected to benefit KRA as well as other Government collection agents.

Keywords: Effect, Tax Policy, Public Revenue Growth In Kenya.

Title: EFFECT OF TAX POLICY REFORMS ON NATIONAL PUBLIC REVENUE GROWTH IN KENYA

Author: James Nyamu Nyaga, Dr.Assumptah.Wairimu. Kagiri, Dr.Kepha Ombui

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Savings and Credit Co-operatives Societies sector in Kenya has been very vibrant. It has grown to touch every part of our society and sector. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of interest rates capping on financial performance of SACCOs in Bomet County. The study was be based on four specific objectives Therefore the objective of this study was to provide an understanding of how interest rate capping affects the financial performance of SACCOs in Bomet County, and bridge the knowledge gap that exists. The study adopted descriptive research design study in which Primary Data was used from respondents. The study made use of regression analysis to analyze the data by equating dependent variables to the independent variable. It ensured that variables in the selected sample represent the study population proportionally. The researcher collected primary data by use of questionnaire. The researcher ensured that the questionnaire was be aligned to the literature review to strengthen the results of the study participants in the pilot study was be purposively excluded from the main study to avoid any possible respondent bias.  Reliability was ensured by collecting data from both the management and the staff who was aim at ironing out any significant inconsistencies or biases in the data. Collected data was edited, coded and checked to have the required quality, accuracy and completeness. Thereafter; analysis of these variables was done. This is because there was more than one variable affecting the dependent variable. The study was collate data into tables, frequency tables was be useful methods. The coefficient of determination which is the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that can be explained by the independent variables. Thus, the independent variables account for 57.7% of the variability of the dependent variable. This means that independent variables account for 57.7% of financial performance of the SACCOs. The difference of 42.3% (from 100%) is accounted by other factors which were beyond the scope of this study. The research challenges the management of SACCOs of Bomet County to consider the operating cost they charge on members as compared to other financial institutions because if featured as the major challenge to financial performance of SACCOs of Bomet County. Operating cost should be reviewed frequently depending on the prevailing need of SACCO operation and size. The management have given a lot of attention to increased marketing to increase membership but this alone was not be of much benefit if the whole business environment is not brought into the picture. This should include the services given to customers and the time taken to give these services.

Keywords: financial performance, SACCOs, financial institutions independent variables.

Title: EFFECT OF INTEREST RATES CAPPING ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SACCO’S IN BOMET COUNTY

Author: KIPRONO SOI, PETER KIBET LELEI, DR. KEPHA OMBUI

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Perception of service quality among the bank customers serve as the study setting. This study is about the conceptualization of the service quality with its dimensions in the banking sector. . Research has shown that high service quality contributes significantly to profitability and productivity. This paper provides the information about the developing strategies to be used by the managers to improve the service quality in the banks.The objectives of this study were to investigate the service quality expectations of banking customers, examine whether the quality dimensions included in the SERVQUAL model apply in an international environment, search for any additional dimensions that should be included in the service quality construct, and measure the level of importance of each specific dimension for the customers of the bank.  The cue to deliver the best quality of service is to encourage loyalty is perhaps of particular importance in the service sector where it is often argued that customer attraction costs are significantly higher than retention costs. . The study highlights implications for marketers in banking industry for improvement in delivery of service quality.

Keywords: Banking Sector, bank customers, service quality, banking industry.

Title: AWARNESS ABOUT SERVICE QUALITY AMONG CUSTOMERS IN BANKING SECTOR

Author: VIDYA SAROJ, SIRANJEEVI SIVAKUMAR

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: This study examined the effect of foreign trade on economic development in Nigeria from 1980 to 2016. In other to achieve set objectives, yearly dataset of these dependent variables –economic growth (EGR), poverty level (POV), and human development index (HDI), while net export (NXP), trade openness (TOP),exchange rate (EXR) and ease of doing business (EDB) ranking served as independent variables. For evaluation, ARDL sufficed. The study showed EDB has a negative and a substantial outcome on EGR, positive and significant relationship with unemployment. EXR relationship with unemployment is positive and statistically significant and also owns a decisive and a compelling on human development. Net export has negative and a substantial impact on unemployment in Nigeria. For every unit deterioration in EDB ranking, economic growth rate drops by -0.11 %.  However, for every unit deterioration in EDB ranking, 0.37 % of Nigerians become unemployed, adding to the unemployment rate. Every unit increment in EXR hikes unemployment rate by 0.15%, whereas an upswing in EXR improved Nigeria's human development index by 0.003%. None of the explanatory variables had a substantial on poverty. Stemming from these findings, the following suggestions to government became necessary: Put machinery in place to drive the ease of doing business ranking of Nigeria from 169th to the 50th position within 5years. Provide steady and adequate electrical power supply. Invest 5% of GDP in its agriculture and value chains for exports and local consumption. Play in the chocolate market, not cocoa beans market. Play in thousands of products from refined crude oil than selling crude oil. Process 50 % of Nigeria's crude in Nigeria into a plethora of products using small refineries for local consumption and export refined and other value-added products to African countries. Stabilise the Naira by all means necessary. Finally, legislate Nigeria's development plans such that successive governments would focus on it until all objectives are realised before starting another plan.

Keywords: Foreign Trade, EGR, POV, HDI and Ease of doing Business.

Title: FOREIGN TRADE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA, 1980-2016

Author: EGBUCHE, Anthony Aniegboka, Kalu, Ijeoma E., Otto, Godly

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Leverage is the inclusion of debt in a company’s capital structure. The purpose of leverage is to finance viable business ventures in a company with a promise to pay the debt providers the principal and interest when they fall due in exchange for their cash now. Debt financing needs a lot of consideration when it comes to agricultural firms because its repayment is determined by the dynamics facing the agricultural sector .This study sought to examine the financial factors that influence the leverage of agricultural firms listed in the Nairobi securities exchange. Specifically the study established whether and the extent to which asset tangibility, profitability, retained earnings and firm size influence leverage in the agricultural firms listed on the NSE. The study used secondary data gathered from audited annual financial statements and reports from the Capital Market Authority resource centre. Financial statements for a period of 2012 to 2016 were used for this study. The study adopted a descriptive research. Financial ratio analysis, correlation analysis and finally multiple regression analysis was used. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the was no relationship between leverage and the four independent variables combined together asset tangibility, retention ratio, profitability and firm size, this is because the significance level was found to be 0.245, which was higher than the  p-value of 0.05. The conclusion was that Leverage was not affected by the combined independent variables in question therefore the model was not a good fit and one of the recommendation was that further data should be collected to not only cover the listed agricultural firms in the NSE so that other researchers could have more data that might reveal significant correlation when analysed.

Keywords: Financial Factors, Leverage, Agricultural Firms Listed in the NSE.

Title: FINANCIAL FACTORS INFLUENCING FIRM LEVERAGE: A CASE OF AGRICULTURAL FIRMS LISTED IN THE NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE, KENYA

Author: LoiseMukami Mwangi, Dr.Yusuf Muchelule

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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Abstract: Electronic banking has gained attention all over the world after the massive adoption of technology and the development of information and communication technology. The electronic banking research also has been explored by many researchers but most of the customer centric studies addressed the issue of adoption intention of electronic banking. The post adoption studies in the area of electronic banking have addressed the customer satisfaction as a major concern. The context of electronic banking adoption different theoretical models has been used in the studies. However, the Technology Acceptance Model is widely used in adoption studies. Since customer satisfaction and adoption related factors are un connected in the previous studies it does not help to clarify the relationship between these factors. The present study attempts to examine and specify the relationships among the TAM constructs and customer satisfaction. The findings of the study support the anticipated relationship of the two factors Perceived Ease of use and Perceived Usefulness has significant impact on customer satisfaction. In addition the study explained customer satisfaction based on e service quality scale.

Keywords: Perceived ease of use, Perceived Usefulness, Customer satisfaction.

Title: CUSTOMER SATISFACTION WITH VIRTUAL BANKING: A STUDY WITH TAM

Author: Rajisha T.

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

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