Vol 14 Issue 1 April 2026-September 2026

Abstract: The increasing concern for energy conservation and environmental sustainability has enhanced consumer interest in energy-efficient household appliances. The present study examines awareness and buying behaviour towards BEE star-labelled white goods among working women with special reference to Ramanathapuram District.

The study adopts a descriptive and analytical research design, with primary data collected from 385 working women through a structured questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale. The mean score analysis indicates a high level of awareness, with an overall mean score of 4.09, while awareness that higher BEE ratings indicate greater energy efficiency recorded the highest mean score of 4.31. The findings indicate that working women are generally aware of BEE labels, energy savings and the benefits of energy-efficient appliances, although awareness of environmental benefits and actively seeking BEE-related information requires further improvement. The study concludes that strengthening BEE awareness can encourage informed buying decisions, promote energy-efficient white goods and contribute to sustainable household consumption in Ramanathapuram District.

Keywords: BEE Star Label, Consumer Awareness, Buying Behaviour, Working Women, White Goods, Energy Efficiency, Sustainable Consumption.

Title: Awareness and Buying Behaviour Towards BEE Star-Labelled White Goods among Working Women with Special Reference to Ramanathapuram District

Author: S.Fathima Rustha, Dr.A.Jasmine

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 774-778

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 19-August-2026

Abstract: Youth violence and institutional safety incidents emerge from complex interactions among individual behaviour, social exposure, community conditions, prior institutional contact, and administrative records. Conventional prediction models often analyse these domains independently, limiting their capacity to represent nonlinear dependencies, temporal patterns, and cumulative risk pathways. This study proposes a novel Social-Behavioral-Community-Administrative Risk Fusion Algorithm (SBCA-RFA) for predicting youth violence and institutional safety outcomes through integrated multi-domain risk modelling. The proposed algorithm combines structured social indicators, behavioural histories, community-level vulnerability measures, and administrative risk variables within a weighted feature-fusion architecture incorporating gradient-based feature learning, attention-guided risk weighting, interaction modelling, and calibrated probabilistic classification. The system is designed to generate both individual violence-risk probabilities and institutional safety-risk scores while retaining interpretable contributions from major predictor groups. Comparative experiments evaluate SBCA-RFA against Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Extreme Gradient Boosting, Light Gradient Boosting Machine, and a conventional Multilayer Perceptron. Performance is assessed using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve, area under the Precision-Recall curve, Brier score, calibration error, false-negative rate, and balanced accuracy. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves, Precision-Recall curves, calibration plots, confusion matrices, feature-importance graphs, risk-distribution plots, and algorithm-comparison charts are used to examine predictive discrimination, reliability, interpretability, and operational usefulness. Ablation experiments further quantify the contribution of social, behavioural, community, and administrative indicator groups to predictive performance. Explainability is incorporated using Shapley Additive Explanations to identify the variables and cross-domain interactions most strongly associated with predicted violence and safety outcomes. The proposed framework is intended to demonstrate that integrated multi-source risk representation can provide stronger discrimination and more reliable early-warning capability than single-domain and conventional machine-learning approaches. The resulting system provides a technically rigorous foundation for data-informed prevention, targeted youth support, institutional resource allocation, and proactive safety management while emphasizing transparent and responsible risk assessment.

Keywords:  Youth Violence; Institutional Safety; Social Indicators; Behavioral Risk; Administrative Risk.

Title: Predicting Youth Violence and Institutional Safety Outcomes through the Integration of Social Behavioral Community and Administrative Risk Indicators

Author: Godbless Amokwaw

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 749-773

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 18-August-2026

Abstract: This study analyzes the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth in BRICS countries using secondary data over a period of 20 years. A quantitative research approach is adopted, employing statistical tools such as correlation and regression analysis with the help of SPSS software. The study considers GDP as the dependent variable, while FDI, inflation, and exchange rate are treated as independent variables. The results indicate that FDI has a positive and statistically significant impact on GDP growth, highlighting its importance as a major driver of economic development. Inflation is found to have a negative effect, whereas the exchange rate shows a positive influence on growth. The study emphasizes that maintaining macroeconomic stability along with attracting foreign investment is essential for achieving sustainable economic growth in emerging economies.

Keywords: FDI, GDP, Inflation, Exchange Rate, Macroenvironment.

Title: Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis

Author: V.Prema, Dr. R. Kalidoss

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 745-748

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 14-August-2026

Abstract: The Indian pharmaceutical industry plays a vital role in the nation's economic growth by contributing significantly to healthcare, exports, and employment. This study examines the determinants of profitability of ten selected Indian pharmaceutical companies representing large-cap, mid-cap, and small-cap firms listed on the BSE and NSE. The study is descriptive in nature and relies exclusively on secondary data collected from the annual reports of the selected companies. Profitability is measured using Return on Capital Employed (ROCE), while multiple regression analysis is employed to assess the influence of firm-specific variables such as size, leverage, liquidity, inventory turnover ratio, fixed assets turnover ratio, operating expenses to sales ratio, past profitability, growth, and age on profitability. The findings reveal that the explanatory power of the regression models is consistently high across the selected companies, with R² values ranging from 0.96 to 0.99. Firm size, inventory turnover, past profitability, growth, and age emerge as significant positive determinants of profitability in most companies, whereas leverage and operating expenses generally exhibit a negative influence. The study concludes that efficient management of operational and financial factors is essential for improving profitability and sustaining competitive performance in the Indian pharmaceutical industry. The findings provide useful insights for corporate managers, investors, and policymakers in formulating strategies to enhance financial performance.

Keywords: Indian Pharmaceutical Industry, Profitability, Multiple Regression Analysis, Financial Performance, Inventory Turnover Ratio and so on.

Title: PROFITABILITY OF SELECT INDIAN PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES 

Author: S.MAHALAKSHMI, Dr.M.GANESAN

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 734-744

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 06-August-2026

Amendment Date: 13-August-2026

Abstract: Kenya has enacted a number of comprehensive trade policies with the goal of improving the nation's overall economic performance. Despite these efforts and other underlying initiatives focused on increasing trade levels of Kenya via Structural Adjustments Programs (SAPs) and Vision 2030, the levels of trade openness have been characterized by a fluctuating trend. The paper seeks to establish the effect on trade openness on economic growth in Kenya. The theoretical framework on the study will be based on Theory of comparative advantage and export-led-growth theory. Ex-post facto research approach was utilized in the paper. Time series methodology will be applied, co-integration tests and diagnostic tests such as stationarity, normality, heteroskedasticity, and autocorrelation tests will be conducted. Various control variables including inflation, interest rate, and exchange rate will be included to guarantee that a sound statistical model is established. Hypothesis testing will be guided by the threshold of 0.05 significance level. The Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models regression results revealed that in the long run the effect of trade openness on economic growth was positive but insignificant, while in the short run it was positive and significant. In conclusion, while economic growth is enhanced by trade liberalisation in the short run, its long-run effect is yet to be fully realised. The study recommended that the relevant government authorities should enhance export diversification and value addition policies, manufacturing policies and trade infrastructure.

Keywords: Economic Growth, Exports, Imports and Trade Openness.

Title: EFFECT OF TRADE OPENNESS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN KENYA

Author: Samuel Omboke Nyabute, Peris Njeri Kiarie, Lucy Wamugo Mwangi

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 724-733

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 05-August-2026

Abstract: This study examined the influence of change management practices on the performance of contemporary hotel businesses in Kigali City, using Sainte Famille Hotel as a case study. The study was motivated by the increasing challenges faced by hotels in implementing organizational change, including employee resistance, inadequate training, ineffective communication, and limited innovation, which undermine service quality, operational efficiency, competitiveness, and long-term sustainability. The study was anchored on theories of technological change, leadership, organizational learning, stakeholder engagement, and organizational performance. A quantitative research approach employing a descriptive and correlational research design was adopted. The target population comprised 268 respondents drawn from hotel management, employees, and guests at Sainte Famille Hotel. A sample of 192 respondents was determined using Slovin's formula. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations, as well as inferential statistical techniques to examine the relationship between change management practices and organizational performance. The findings revealed that effective change management practices significantly improve hotel performance by enhancing service quality, operational efficiency, employee adaptability, customer satisfaction, and organizational competitiveness. Specifically, technological innovation, transformational leadership, organizational learning, stakeholder involvement, and effective communication were found to play a significant role in reducing resistance to change, fostering employee commitment, and promoting innovation. The results further demonstrated that well-implemented change management practices strengthen teamwork, improve decision-making processes, and contribute to sustainable organizational growth. The study concludes that effective change management is a critical determinant of organizational performance in contemporary hotel businesses. It recommends that hotel managers institutionalize comprehensive change management strategies by investing in employee capacity building, strengthening internal communication, promoting participatory leadership, and encouraging continuous innovation. Policymakers should support the development of policies that facilitate organizational transformation within the hospitality industry, while future researchers should extend similar studies to other hospitality establishments and employ mixed-methods or longitudinal research designs to provide broader empirical evidence.

Keywords: Management Practices, Performance, Hotel Businesses, Contemporary, Kigali City.

Title: Change Management Practices and Performance of Contemporary Hotel Businesses in Kigali City, Rwanda: A Case of Sainte Famille Hotel

Author: Bimenyimana Gabriel, Dr. Charles Aloo

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 714-723

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 31-July-2026

Abstract: The objectives of this research are 1). To analyze the production level and profitability of seaweed cultivation business in East Lombok Regency 2). To determine the influence of the use of production inputs for seaweed cultivation business in East Lombok Regency 3). To analyze the technical efficiency of the seaweed cultivation business in East Lombok Regency 4). To find out the obstacles faced in the seaweed cultivation business in East Lombok. This study uses a descriptive method. Data collection by quantitative and qualitative data type interview methods. The respondents in this study are seaweed farmers in Seriwe Village because it is a cultivation center in East Lombok Regency. The determination of respondents was determined using the Degree of Variability because the number of samples was already known. The results of the study show that the production produced by farmers in carrying out seaweed cultivation business is 1,040 kg per cultivated land area or 43.33 kg per are, with a selling price of 20,000/kg. The average profit per production process is IDR 10,458,265 or IDR 435,761 per are. Production inputs that do not affect the seaweed cultivation business are experience, while the variables of land area, labor, number of seeds and rope length greatly influence. Seaweed cultivation in East Lombok Regency is technically efficient.  The average technical efficiency value is 0.98. The obstacles faced by seaweed cultivators in the country are unconducive weather, minimal availability of seeds, pests and diseases (ice-ice), and still lack of capital.

Keywords: Production, Profit, Stochastic Frontier, Technical Efficiency.

Title: ANALYSIS OF SEAWEED CULTIVATION BUSINESS EFFICIENCY IN EAST LOMBOK REGENCY

Author: Moch Edwin Aprinata, Taslim Sjah, Muhamad Siddik

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 705-713

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 27-July-2026

Abstract: In the contemporary digital era, businesses are increasingly adopting digital marketing practices to enhance their performance and competitiveness. This study examines the influence of digital marketing practices on modern business management, focusing on how various digital tools contribute to organizational growth and effectiveness. The research is based on both primary and secondary data, with primary data collected from 150 respondents using a structured questionnaire. Statistical tools such as Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), correlation analysis, and the Friedman Rank Test were employed to analyze the data and identify significant relationships among variables.

The findings reveal that social media platforms, digital content, and websites are the most influential digital marketing tools driving business growth. The correlation analysis indicates strong positive relationships among various digital marketing practices, suggesting that these tools are highly interrelated and mutually reinforcing. The SEM results highlight key challenges such as changing consumer behavior, rapid technological changes, and data privacy concerns as major factors affecting digital marketing effectiveness. The study concludes that adopting a strategic, integrated, and data-driven approach to digital marketing can significantly enhance business management practices, improve customer engagement, and ensure sustainable growth in a competitive environment.

Keywords: contemporary digital era, digital marketing practices, modern business management, social media platforms, digital content, competitive environment.

Title: THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL MARKETING PRACTICES ON MODERN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Author: T. Thajithabanu, Dr.R.Kalidoss

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 698-704

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 23-July-2026

Abstract: The effect of climate change on livelihood vulnerability has increased in developing countries and hence there is need for creative financing mechanisms that create resilience and sustainable development. The study looks into the associations between Green Microfinance (GMF), Financial Inclusion (FI), Climate Adaptation Capacity (CAC), Sustainable Livelihoods (SL), Climate Resilience (CR) and Institutional Support (IS) in vulnerable economies. Based on the Sustainable Livelihood Approach and Financial Inclusion Theory, a theoretical framework was developed and tested using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. Primary data was gathered from 533 survey participants using a structured questionnaire under a stratified random sampling technique. The measurement model showed very good psychometrics properties with high factor loadings, acceptable reliability and validity and good model fitness (χ²/df = 2.038, CFI = 0.982, TLI = 0.980, RMSEA = 0.044). The exploratory factor analysis yielded six separate constructs accounting for 88.73% of the total variance. But the structural model indicated that most of the assumed associations are statistically insignificant whereas the Climate Adaptation Capacity has a negative significant impact on Sustainable Livelihoods (β = −0.091, p < 0.05). The above discussion implies that climate adaptation projects are likely to incur initial costs for economic activities and produce livelihood gains over time, especially in economies where there are resource constraints. In addition, the findings imply that green microfinance and institutional approaches are not sufficient enough to improve financial inclusion and resilience to climate change without making additional investments in capacity building, good governance, financial education, and livelihood diversification. The current research makes an essential contribution to the literature since it brings together green finance, financial inclusion, and resilience to climate change in one research framework and develops a measurement tool to be used in future research studies.

Keywords: Green Microfinance; Financial Inclusion; Climate Adaptation Capacity; Sustainable Livelihoods; Climate Resilience; Institutional Support; Sustainable Finance; Vulnerable Economies and  Sustainable Development.

Title: Green Microfinance and Climate Resilience: Evaluating the Role of Financial Inclusion in Building Sustainable Livelihoods in Vulnerable Economies

Author: Kirubakaran Arumugam, Dr.N.Bharathi

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 684-697

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 22-July-2026

Abstract: Organizations are increasingly operating in environments characterized by demanding workloads, rapid technological developments, and constant organizational change. These conditions often expose employees to varying levels of work pressure, which can influence both their psychological functioning and workplace performance (Bakker & Demerouti, 2007). Although excessive work pressure is generally associated with stress and reduced effectiveness, contemporary organizational research suggests that employees' cognitive responses may alter these outcomes (LePine, Podsakoff, & LePine, 2005). One cognitive process that has attracted growing scholarly attention is daydreaming, particularly its constructive form, which may support creativity, emotional recovery, and problem-solving (Smallwood & Schooler, 2015).

This study investigates whether daydreaming functions as a mediating mechanism between work pressure and two important dimensions of employee performance: innovative performance and task performance. Drawing upon the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) Theory (Bakker & Demerouti, 2007) and Cognitive Resource Theory (Fiedler & Garcia, 1987), the study proposes that work pressure influences employees' tendency to engage in constructive daydreaming, which subsequently affects their ability to generate innovative ideas while maintaining routine job performance. A quantitative research approach is proposed, and the hypothesized relationships will be examined using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings are expected to contribute to organizational behavior literature by providing a deeper understanding of the psychological processes through which work pressure influences employee outcomes and by offering practical recommendations for managing workplace demands while encouraging innovation and employee well-being.

Keywords: Work Pressure, Constructive Daydreaming, Innovative Performance, Task Performance, Mediation, Organizational Behavior, Structural Equation Modeling.

Title: The Mediating Role of Daydreaming in the Relationship between Work Pressure and Employee Innovative Performance and Task Performance

Author: Mrs. S. T. AnuMeena, Dr. S Arulkumar

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 678-683

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 15-July-2026

Abstract: Despite the growing importance of Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Jordan many SMEs still face significant challenges related to high failure rates or market exit. In this context, Government support can play a role in enhancing the effectiveness of business incubators for supporting entrepreneurship by offering training and consulting services, as well as networking opportunities with investors and markets. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the moderating effect of Government support on the relationship between business incubator services, namely, training, consulting, and networking and the success of SMEs in Jordan. The study adopted a quantitative approach, collecting data from a sample of 383 SMEs using a questionnaire developed based on previous literature. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to verify the assumed relationships and test the research hypotheses. The results revealed a positive moderating role for government support, which strengthened the relationship between incubator services and SMEs success. This underscores the importance of integrating government initiatives with incubator programs to build a supportive environment for entrepreneurship.

Keywords: Government Support, Business Incubators, Small and Medium Enterprises, Jordan.

Title: Does Government Support Moderate the Relationship between Business Incubators and Small and Medium Enterprise Success in Jordan?

Author: Badar Khall Nasif, Nahg Abdulmajid Alawi, Khairi Ahmed.

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 666-677

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 10-July-2026

Abstract: Despite the growing importance of Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Jordan many SMEs still face significant challenges related to high failure rates or market exit. In this context, Government support can play a role in enhancing the effectiveness of business incubators for supporting entrepreneurship by offering training and consulting services, as well as networking opportunities with investors and markets. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the impact of business incubator services, namely, training, consulting, and networking on the success of SMEs in Jordan. The study adopted a quantitative approach, collecting data from a sample of 383 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) using a questionnaire developed based on previous literature. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to verify the assumed relationships and test the research hypotheses. The results revealed a that business incubator services, namely, training, consulting, and networking have positive on SMEs success in Jordan. This highlights the need for business incubators to maximize their impact on SMEs success.

Keywords: Business Incubators, Small and Medium Enterprises, Jordan.

Title: The Impact of Business Incubators on Small and Medium Enterprise Success in Jordan?

Author: Badar Khalil Nasif, Nahg Abdulmajid Alawi, Khairi Ahmed

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 656-665

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 10-July-2026

Abstract: Financial literacy has emerged as a critical factor influencing individuals' financial decision-making, particularly in the areas of savings and investment. In the context of increasing financial inclusion and economic participation of women, understanding the role of financial literacy in shaping financial behaviour has become highly relevant. This study examines the influence of financial literacy on the savings and investment behaviour of working women in Ernakulam District, Kerala. The research aims to assess the level of financial literacy among working women and analyze its impact on their financial decisions related to saving and investing. The study evaluates key dimensions of financial literacy, including knowledge of financial concepts, budgeting practices, awareness of financial products, and examines their relationship with savings and investment behaviour.

Keywords: Financial literacy, Financial behaviour, Financial decisions, Financial stability, Financial well-being.

Title: THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL LITERACY IN SHAPING SAVINGS AND INVESTMENT BEHAVIOUR AMONG WORKING WOMEN IN ERNAKULAM DISTRICT

Author: Rency Joseph, Dr.D.Andrews Scott, Dr.S.Latha

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 651-655

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 06-July-2026

Abstract: Flexible work arrangements have become increasingly important in the information technology (IT) sector as organisations seek to enhance employee well-being and performance. This study examines the impact of flexible work arrangements on the work–life balance of IT employees. The study employed a quantitative design and collected primary data with the help of a structured questionnaire from 150 IT employees. The findings revealed that employees generally held positive perceptions regarding flexible work arrangements and their contribution to work–life balance. The study concludes that flexible work practices, such as hybrid work, remote work, and flexible working hours, enable employees to balance their professional and personal life more effectively, resulting in improved job satisfaction, reduced stress, and enhanced overall well-being. The findings suggest that the IT sector should continue to strengthen and expand flexible work policies to improve employee productivity, engagement, and retention while fostering a healthy work–life balance.

Keywords: Flexible Work Arrangements, Work–Life Balance, IT Employees, Hybrid Work, Remote Work, Employee Well-being.

Title: The Impact of Flexible Work Arrangements on Work-Life Balance among IT Employees

Author: Neetha Francis, Dr. D. Andrews Scott, Dr. S. Latha

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 645-650

Research Publish Journals

Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 06-July-2026

Abstract: This study examined the influence of stakeholder engagement on the performance of Early Childhood Development (ECD) projects implemented by Solace Ministries in Gasabo District, Rwanda. Specifically, it assessed the effects of communication mechanisms, stakeholder capacity, and participation opportunities on project performance. Guided by Systems Theory and Stakeholder Theory, the study adopted a descriptive research design and a mixed-methods approach. A sample of 133 respondents was drawn from a target population of 199 project officers, local leaders, and beneficiaries using simple random and purposive sampling techniques. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis with MS Excel and SPSS, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically.

The findings revealed that all three dimensions of stakeholder engagement significantly influenced ECD project performance. Communication mechanisms demonstrated a strong positive relationship with project performance (r = 0.880, β = 0.901, p < 0.001). Similarly, stakeholder capacity exhibited a strong positive effect (r = 0.901, β = 0.901, p < 0.001), while participation opportunities showed the strongest positive relationship (r = 0.929, β = 0.773, p < 0.001). The regression model (R = 0.931, R² = 0.866) indicated that stakeholder engagement variables jointly explained 86.6% of the variation in ECD project performance. The study concludes that stakeholder engagement is a critical determinant of ECD project performance. Effective communication enhances coordination, transparency, and trust among stakeholders; capacity building improves stakeholders' knowledge and competencies for effective project implementation; and inclusive participation fosters ownership, accountability, and long-term project sustainability. The study recommends that Solace Ministries and similar organizations institutionalize structured communication systems, continuous stakeholder capacity-building programs, and inclusive participation mechanisms throughout the project cycle. Policymakers should integrate stakeholder engagement standards into ECD and community development policies to strengthen project effectiveness and sustainability. Future research should examine the moderating effects of factors such as leadership, organizational culture, and resource availability, and employ comparative or longitudinal designs to validate these findings across different organizational and geographical contexts.

Keywords: Stakeholder Engagement, Early Childhood, Project, Solace Ministries, Gasabo District.

Title: Stakeholder Engagement and Performance of Early Childhood Development Project Implemented by Solace Ministries in Gasabo District, Rwanda

Author: Mukaruzima Jeannette, Dr. Martin Kimemia Gathiru

International Journal of Management and Commerce Innovations 

ISSN 2348-7585 (Online)

Vol. 14, Issue 1, April 2026 - September 2026

Page No: 629-644

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Website: www.researchpublish.com

Published Date: 06-July-2026